C453 micro(PA)
Which class of microbes are unicellular organisms that typically lack organelles? - ANSWER: Bacteria
It is determined that a bacterial sample grows robustly in low, moderate, and high concentrations of salt.
What is most likely true about this organism? - ANSWER: It is halotolerant.
What is the additional molecule contained in the cell walls of Gram-positive organisms that plays a role in the
attachment of bacteriophages? - ANSWER: Teichoic acid
In which type of bacteria is the periplasmic space between the cell membranes most easily observable? -
ANSWER: Gram-negative
Which bacterial toxins can cause fever, inflammation, and even shock when they are released from Gram-
negative bacteria? - ANSWER: Endotoxins
What connects bacterial cells during the exchange of genetic material? - ANSWER: Pilus
Which component helps bacterial cells attach to host blood cells and causes clumping? - ANSWER: Pilus
Which fungal structure can form long, extended filaments, and can regrow from fragments that have broken
off allowing some fungi to survive and spread disease rapidly within a single host? - ANSWER: Hypha
What is produced by bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori to survive the extremely low pH environment of the
human stomach? - ANSWER: Urease
Which term describes the movement of bacterial cells towards a substance, such as an important nutrient? -
ANSWER: Positive chemotaxis
, Which virus subgroup requires the enzyme reverse transcriptase for replication of its nucleic acid? - ANSWER:
Single-stranded RNA virus
Which type of virus contains only the nucleocapsid? - ANSWER: Naked
Which phylum of fungi produces a saclike structure that releases spores during sexual reproduction? -
ANSWER: Ascomycota
Which phylum of fungi includes the edible mushrooms humans eat, as well as toadstools, rusts, and smuts? -
ANSWER: Basidiomycota
Which type of organism causes illnesses such as amoebic dysentery and malaria? - ANSWER: Protozoa
Which parasite's embryo enters the human intestines through the ingestion of undercooked cow's meat? -
ANSWER: Tapeworm
Which stage or period of the disease process is a patient in who is experiencing malaise and muscle aches? -
ANSWER: Prodromal period
A patient presents with symptoms that have become increasingly worse over the course of the week,
including a spreading rash and diarrhea.
Which phase of disease is this patient in? - ANSWER: Period of invasion
How is cholera spread? - ANSWER: Contaminated water
How is rabies transmitted? - ANSWER: Direct contact
How does a mutualistic organism typically interact with a healthy host? - ANSWER: It benefits the host.
If a commensal species lives on or in a host organism, how will that species interact with the host? - ANSWER:
The commensal species will benefit, but the host will not be harmed.
Which class of microbes are unicellular organisms that typically lack organelles? - ANSWER: Bacteria
It is determined that a bacterial sample grows robustly in low, moderate, and high concentrations of salt.
What is most likely true about this organism? - ANSWER: It is halotolerant.
What is the additional molecule contained in the cell walls of Gram-positive organisms that plays a role in the
attachment of bacteriophages? - ANSWER: Teichoic acid
In which type of bacteria is the periplasmic space between the cell membranes most easily observable? -
ANSWER: Gram-negative
Which bacterial toxins can cause fever, inflammation, and even shock when they are released from Gram-
negative bacteria? - ANSWER: Endotoxins
What connects bacterial cells during the exchange of genetic material? - ANSWER: Pilus
Which component helps bacterial cells attach to host blood cells and causes clumping? - ANSWER: Pilus
Which fungal structure can form long, extended filaments, and can regrow from fragments that have broken
off allowing some fungi to survive and spread disease rapidly within a single host? - ANSWER: Hypha
What is produced by bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori to survive the extremely low pH environment of the
human stomach? - ANSWER: Urease
Which term describes the movement of bacterial cells towards a substance, such as an important nutrient? -
ANSWER: Positive chemotaxis
, Which virus subgroup requires the enzyme reverse transcriptase for replication of its nucleic acid? - ANSWER:
Single-stranded RNA virus
Which type of virus contains only the nucleocapsid? - ANSWER: Naked
Which phylum of fungi produces a saclike structure that releases spores during sexual reproduction? -
ANSWER: Ascomycota
Which phylum of fungi includes the edible mushrooms humans eat, as well as toadstools, rusts, and smuts? -
ANSWER: Basidiomycota
Which type of organism causes illnesses such as amoebic dysentery and malaria? - ANSWER: Protozoa
Which parasite's embryo enters the human intestines through the ingestion of undercooked cow's meat? -
ANSWER: Tapeworm
Which stage or period of the disease process is a patient in who is experiencing malaise and muscle aches? -
ANSWER: Prodromal period
A patient presents with symptoms that have become increasingly worse over the course of the week,
including a spreading rash and diarrhea.
Which phase of disease is this patient in? - ANSWER: Period of invasion
How is cholera spread? - ANSWER: Contaminated water
How is rabies transmitted? - ANSWER: Direct contact
How does a mutualistic organism typically interact with a healthy host? - ANSWER: It benefits the host.
If a commensal species lives on or in a host organism, how will that species interact with the host? - ANSWER:
The commensal species will benefit, but the host will not be harmed.
