CMS 341 LECTURE 1 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What are the adaptive theories of CMC?
1. Social Information Processing Theory (SIP)
2. Hyperpersonal Model
Social Information Processing Theory (SIP)
Suggests that:
-mediums do not hinder the process
-we adapt over more messages and more time
-interaction carries the same level of meaningfullness
TAKEAWAY: CMC is equal, if not better, than face-to-face.
Hyperpersonal Model
The perspective that people develop stronger impressions of one another in mediated
contexts compared to face-to-face contexts because they overrely on the limited, mostly
verbal, information that they exchange.
-idealization
-selective self-presentation
-Channel effect: we choose a channel that would help us look better
TAKEAWAY: we capitalize on tech features to make us look better.
Chronemics
the study of how humans use and structure time. Nonverbal and time-related cues.
Examples:
,1. temporal scale (the scope and duration of events and relationships)
2. the sequencing of actions
3. the pace
4. the salience of past, present, or future issues
5. pauses, time of day, silence
Whose study discussed online silence?
Kalman & Rafaeli (2011)
Online Silence
a pause longer than one order of magnitude above the average response latency. (after a week
to never)
Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT)
-a theory that suggests that we develop rules or expectations for appropriate nonverbal
behavior and react when those expectations are violated.
-Original research attempted to explain why some invasions of private space result in negative
reactions and other cases of similar violations of proximity norms result in positive reactions.
-Later research was expanded to apply to other nonverbal behaviors and to involvement
violations in general.
How did Kalman and Rafaeli (2011) use EVT to help explain their study?
They used this theory to frame participants' perception of sender latency. Participants who saw
the return email from the responder two weeks later or never perceived the CMC interaction
negatively and rated the sender low in credibility and social attraction. Participants who saw the
identical return email one day after the original was sent perceived the interaction positively
and rate the sender with higher levels of credibility and social attraction.
What did Kalman and Rafaeli (2011) find in their study?
-online silence (responses after a week to never) were perceived negatively and suffered negative
consequences than emails with quicker responses. The passage of time between sending a CMC
and receiving a response has the potential to influence perception of the other.
, -an additional finding indicated that we are likely to expect shorter temporal pauses in CMC with
a high-reward individual. The timing of the message has potential positive or negative
consequences for the emergent relationship as well as the expectation of receiving a message.
We expect someone who we like to respond quicker.
Four elements that shape our experience when communicating via CMC.
1. Anonymity
2. Presence
3. Mobility
4. Asynchronicity
what are the two types of anonymity?
1. Discursive: lacking name, email, location, etc.
2. Visual: lacking visual representation
How does anonymity affect our experience with CMC?
Positives: political freedom, privacy, sharing ideas, self-disclosure, practicing a right
Negatives: deindividuation, lack of accountability, trolling, flaming, harrassment
Disinhibition: people tend to do and say things from that they wouldn't normally
Presence
a feeling that you have that you are immersed into the communication medium (immersion,
perception, participating, "being there")
How does mobility influence our communication?
-spatial and temporal cues
-contextual
-shorter messages
QUESTIONS WITH 100% VERIFIED
CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What are the adaptive theories of CMC?
1. Social Information Processing Theory (SIP)
2. Hyperpersonal Model
Social Information Processing Theory (SIP)
Suggests that:
-mediums do not hinder the process
-we adapt over more messages and more time
-interaction carries the same level of meaningfullness
TAKEAWAY: CMC is equal, if not better, than face-to-face.
Hyperpersonal Model
The perspective that people develop stronger impressions of one another in mediated
contexts compared to face-to-face contexts because they overrely on the limited, mostly
verbal, information that they exchange.
-idealization
-selective self-presentation
-Channel effect: we choose a channel that would help us look better
TAKEAWAY: we capitalize on tech features to make us look better.
Chronemics
the study of how humans use and structure time. Nonverbal and time-related cues.
Examples:
,1. temporal scale (the scope and duration of events and relationships)
2. the sequencing of actions
3. the pace
4. the salience of past, present, or future issues
5. pauses, time of day, silence
Whose study discussed online silence?
Kalman & Rafaeli (2011)
Online Silence
a pause longer than one order of magnitude above the average response latency. (after a week
to never)
Expectancy Violations Theory (EVT)
-a theory that suggests that we develop rules or expectations for appropriate nonverbal
behavior and react when those expectations are violated.
-Original research attempted to explain why some invasions of private space result in negative
reactions and other cases of similar violations of proximity norms result in positive reactions.
-Later research was expanded to apply to other nonverbal behaviors and to involvement
violations in general.
How did Kalman and Rafaeli (2011) use EVT to help explain their study?
They used this theory to frame participants' perception of sender latency. Participants who saw
the return email from the responder two weeks later or never perceived the CMC interaction
negatively and rated the sender low in credibility and social attraction. Participants who saw the
identical return email one day after the original was sent perceived the interaction positively
and rate the sender with higher levels of credibility and social attraction.
What did Kalman and Rafaeli (2011) find in their study?
-online silence (responses after a week to never) were perceived negatively and suffered negative
consequences than emails with quicker responses. The passage of time between sending a CMC
and receiving a response has the potential to influence perception of the other.
, -an additional finding indicated that we are likely to expect shorter temporal pauses in CMC with
a high-reward individual. The timing of the message has potential positive or negative
consequences for the emergent relationship as well as the expectation of receiving a message.
We expect someone who we like to respond quicker.
Four elements that shape our experience when communicating via CMC.
1. Anonymity
2. Presence
3. Mobility
4. Asynchronicity
what are the two types of anonymity?
1. Discursive: lacking name, email, location, etc.
2. Visual: lacking visual representation
How does anonymity affect our experience with CMC?
Positives: political freedom, privacy, sharing ideas, self-disclosure, practicing a right
Negatives: deindividuation, lack of accountability, trolling, flaming, harrassment
Disinhibition: people tend to do and say things from that they wouldn't normally
Presence
a feeling that you have that you are immersed into the communication medium (immersion,
perception, participating, "being there")
How does mobility influence our communication?
-spatial and temporal cues
-contextual
-shorter messages
