ORTHOTICS AND PROSTHETICS
COMBINED WRITTEN BOARDS EXAM
A complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait
deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side - ANSWERS-D. shortened step
length on contralateral side
what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? - ANSWERS-(posterior lower
leg muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum
longus, flexor hallucis longus
what is the C3 myotome - ANSWERS-cervical lateral flexion
what is the C4 myotome - ANSWERS-shoulder elevation
what is the C5 myotome - ANSWERS-shoulder abduction
what is the C6 myotome - ANSWERS-elbow flexion, wrist extension
what is the C7 myotome - ANSWERS-elbow extension, wrist flexion
,what is the C8 myotome - ANSWERS-thumb extension, finger flexion
what is the T1 myotome - ANSWERS-finger abduction and adduction
what is the L2 myotome - ANSWERS-hip flexion
what is the L3 myotome - ANSWERS-knee extension
what is the L4 myotome - ANSWERS-ankle DF
what is the L5 myotome - ANSWERS-great toe extension
what is the S1 myotome - ANSWERS-PF, eversion, hip extension
what is the S2 myotome - ANSWERS-knee flexion, PF
Scheuermann's Disease - ANSWERS-A developmental disorder of the spine
abnormal growth of the thoracic spine
anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the
posterior portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis
-growth disorder of the tibia
-characterized by inward bowing of the lower leg that worsens over time
-tibia vara - ANSWERS-Blount's disease (osteochondrosis deformans tibiae)
,-avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head resulting from compromise of
the tenuous blood supply to this area
-usually occurs in children aged 4-10 years old
-may occur after an injury to the hip
-typically unilateral - ANSWERS-Leg-Calve-Perthes Disease
at which part of gait are the most number of muscles active? - ANSWERS-Heel
strike (initial contact)
For correction of genu valgum, forces should be applied over the:
A. lateral condyle of the femur, lateral aspect of the foot and the head of the
fibula
B. Lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and medial condyle of
the femur
C. Anterior thigh poplitial fossa and dorsal surface of the foot
D. perineum, dial aspect of the foot and lateral condyle of the femur
E. medial condyle of the femur, medial aspect of the foot and the head of the
tibia - ANSWERS-B. lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and
the medial condyle of the femur
A complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects
what motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
, e. ankle plantarflexion - ANSWERS-A. Knee extension
What is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus? - ANSWERS-Femoral nerve (L2-
L4)
What is the primary flexor of the hip? - ANSWERS-Iliopsoas
Paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve? -
ANSWERS-common peroneal nerve
Toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle - ANSWERS-
Equinus deformity
Define
Gait Cycle - ANSWERS-Heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on
the ipsilateral side
Toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis - ANSWERS-C. Line of progression
What joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at? -
ANSWERS-Subtalar joint
COMBINED WRITTEN BOARDS EXAM
A complete lesion of the tibial nerve on one leg will result in what gait
deviations?
A. foot slap on ipsilateral side
B. gluteus medius limp on contralateral side
C. Shortened step length on ipsilateral side
D. shortened step length on contralateral side - ANSWERS-D. shortened step
length on contralateral side
what muscles are innervated by the tibial nerve? - ANSWERS-(posterior lower
leg muscles)
gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum
longus, flexor hallucis longus
what is the C3 myotome - ANSWERS-cervical lateral flexion
what is the C4 myotome - ANSWERS-shoulder elevation
what is the C5 myotome - ANSWERS-shoulder abduction
what is the C6 myotome - ANSWERS-elbow flexion, wrist extension
what is the C7 myotome - ANSWERS-elbow extension, wrist flexion
,what is the C8 myotome - ANSWERS-thumb extension, finger flexion
what is the T1 myotome - ANSWERS-finger abduction and adduction
what is the L2 myotome - ANSWERS-hip flexion
what is the L3 myotome - ANSWERS-knee extension
what is the L4 myotome - ANSWERS-ankle DF
what is the L5 myotome - ANSWERS-great toe extension
what is the S1 myotome - ANSWERS-PF, eversion, hip extension
what is the S2 myotome - ANSWERS-knee flexion, PF
Scheuermann's Disease - ANSWERS-A developmental disorder of the spine
abnormal growth of the thoracic spine
anterior portion of the thoracic vertebrae do not develop as fast as the
posterior portion resulting in exaggerated kyphosis
-growth disorder of the tibia
-characterized by inward bowing of the lower leg that worsens over time
-tibia vara - ANSWERS-Blount's disease (osteochondrosis deformans tibiae)
,-avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head resulting from compromise of
the tenuous blood supply to this area
-usually occurs in children aged 4-10 years old
-may occur after an injury to the hip
-typically unilateral - ANSWERS-Leg-Calve-Perthes Disease
at which part of gait are the most number of muscles active? - ANSWERS-Heel
strike (initial contact)
For correction of genu valgum, forces should be applied over the:
A. lateral condyle of the femur, lateral aspect of the foot and the head of the
fibula
B. Lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and medial condyle of
the femur
C. Anterior thigh poplitial fossa and dorsal surface of the foot
D. perineum, dial aspect of the foot and lateral condyle of the femur
E. medial condyle of the femur, medial aspect of the foot and the head of the
tibia - ANSWERS-B. lateral thigh distal to the GT, lateral aspect of the foot and
the medial condyle of the femur
A complete lesion of the femoral nerve as it leaves the lumbar plexus affects
what motion?
A. knee extension
B. hip adduction
c. hip extension
d. knee flexion
, e. ankle plantarflexion - ANSWERS-A. Knee extension
What is the largest nerve of the lumbar plexus? - ANSWERS-Femoral nerve (L2-
L4)
What is the primary flexor of the hip? - ANSWERS-Iliopsoas
Paralytic equinus during swing phase is often caused by injury to what nerve? -
ANSWERS-common peroneal nerve
Toe is in a down position, dorsiflexion limitation of the ankle - ANSWERS-
Equinus deformity
Define
Gait Cycle - ANSWERS-Heel strike on one limb and a subsequent heel strike on
the ipsilateral side
Toe in or toe out is the relationship of the long axis of the foot to the:
A. subtalar joint
B. ankle joint axis
C. line of progression
D. Knee axis - ANSWERS-C. Line of progression
What joint do the motions of inversion and eversion occur primarily at? -
ANSWERS-Subtalar joint
