3f
TESTBANKFORSTAHL'SESSENTIALPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY:
NEUROSCIENTIFICBASISANDPRACTICALAPPLICATIONS4THEDITION
Stahl'sEssentialPsychopharmacology
NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplicationsTESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE
Chapter1Chemicalneurotransmission
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Apatientwithdepressionmentionstothenurse,Mymothersaysdepressionisa3 f
,p ,p ,p
chemicaldisorder.Whatdoesshemean?Thenursesresponseisbasedonthe3 f theo
,p
rythatdepressionprimarilyinvolveswhichofthefollowing3fneurotransmitters?
a. CortisolandGABA
b. COMTandglutamate ,p
c. Monamineandglycine
d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine
ANS:D
Onepossiblecauseofdepressionisthoughttoinvolveoneormore3 f neurotransmitters.Serotonin
andnorepinephrinehavebeenfoundtobeimportantin3ftheregulationofdepression.Thereisnores
,p ,p
earchtosupportthattheotheroptionsplay3 f 3 f asignificantroleinthedevelopmentofdepression.
,p ,p ,p
2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident)
that3fhasresultedindamagetotheBrocaarea.Whichevaluationdoesthenurseconductto3 f
,p ,p
,3 freinforcethisdiagnosis?
a. Observingthepatientpickupaspoon ,p ,p
b. Askingthepatienttorecitethealphabet
,p ,p
c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure
,p ,p ,p
d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands
,p ,p
ANS:B
Accidents3for3fstrokes3fthat3fdamage3fBrocas3farea3fmay3fresult3fin3fthe3finability3fto3fsp
eak3f(i.e.,motoraphasia).3fFine3fmotorskills,3fbloodpressure3fcontrol,3fand3fmusclestren
gth3fare3fnotcontrolledbytheBrocaareaoftheleftfrontallobe.
3. Thepatientdiagnosedwithschizophreniaaskswhypsychotropicmedicationsare3f
,p
alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedon3 f informationthat ,p ,p
thetherapeuticactionofpsychotropicdrugsistheresultoftheir3 f effecton:
,p
a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea
b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses
,p ,p
c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine
,p
d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
,ANS:C
Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynaptic3 f cleftandhave
actionattheneurotransmitterlevel,especiallyinthecaseof3 f schizophrenia,ondopamine.TheW
ernickesarea,dendritefunction,orthesensitivity3 f oftheperipheralnervoussystemarenotreleva ,p
nttoeitherschizophreniaorpsychotropic3 f medications.
,p
4. Astudentnursemuttersthatitseemsentirelyunnecessarytohavetostruggle3fw
,p ,p ,p
ithunderstandingtheanatomyandphysiologyoftheneurologicsystem.The3 f m ,p
entorwouldbasearesponseontheunderstandingthatitis:
Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyonbehavioral3finte
,p ,p
a. rventions
Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyusein3fthei
,p
b. rpractice
Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbraintraumacaused3fc
c. ognitivesymptoms
Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespecially3fthoseexperiencing
d. psychiatricdisorders
ANS:D
Nursesmustunderstandthatmanysymptomsofpsychiatricdisordershavea3 f neurologicbasis,al
,p
thoughthesymptomsaremanifestedbehaviorally.This3 f understandingfacilitateseffectivecare
planning.Thefoundationofknowledgeis3 f notusedexclusivelybyadvancedpracticepsychiatric
nursesnorisitrelevantforonly3 f behaviortherapiesorbraintraumasincedealingwiththeresultso
,p ,p ,p
fnormaland3 f 3 f abnormalbrainfunctionisaresponsibilityofallnursesprovidingalltypesofcareto
,p
the3 f psychiatricpatient.
5. Apatientasksthenurse,Mywifehasbreastcancer.Coulditbecausedby3fh
,p ,p ,p ,p
erchronicdepression?Whichresponseissupportedbyresearchdata?
a. Toomuchstresshasbeenproventocauseallkindsofcancer. ,p
b. Therehavebeennoresearchstudiesdoneonstressanddiseaseyet.
,p ,p ,p ,p
c. Stressdoescausethereleaseoffactorsthatsuppresstheimmunesystem.
,p ,p ,p
d. Thereappearstobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseasesofthebody ,p ,p
ANS:C
Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-
,p
releasingfactorsthat3 f suppresstheimmunesystem.Studiesindicatethatpsychiatricdisorderssu
,p ,p
chas3fmooddisordersaresometimesassociatedwithdecreasedfunctioningoftheimmune3 f syste ,p
m.Researchdoesnotsupportaconnectionbetweenmanycancersandstress.
,p
Thereisasignificantamountofresearchaboutstressandthebody.3 f Researchhasshownthatthere ,p ,p
aresomeconnectionsbetweenstressandphysicaldisease. ,p ,p
, 6. Apatientwhohasaparietallobeinjuryisbeingevaluatedforpsychiatric3 f r
ehabilitationneeds.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurse3fi ,p ,p ,p ,p
dentifyasafocusofnursingintervention?
a. Expressionofemotion
b. Detectingauditorystimuli
c. Receivingvisualimages ,p
d. Processingassociations ,p
ANS:D
Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformationthat3fallowsforf
unctionssuchasfollowingdirectionsonamap,readingaclock,dressing3 f 3 f self,keepingappoint
,p
ments,anddistinguishingrightfromleft.Emotionalexpressionis3 f associatedwithfrontallobefu
nction.Detectingauditorystimuliisatemporallobe3 f function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelate
dtooccipitallobefunction.
7. Atadmission,thenurselearnsthatsometimeagothepatienthadaninfarctin3 f therig
,p ,p ,p ,p ,p
htcerebralcortex.Duringassessment,thenursewouldexpecttofindthatthe3 f 3 f patie
nt:
a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech ,p
b. Isunabletoeffectivelyholdaspooninthelefthand ,p
c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowtogoaboutusingthetelephone
,p ,p ,p
d. Cannotusehisrighthandtoshavehimselforcombhisownhair
,p ,p
ANS:B
Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsibleforfunctionssuchascontrolofmuscles.The3 f righthemis ,p ,p ,p
pheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftsideofthe3 f 3 f body.Damagetoth ,p
erightsidewouldresultinimpairedfunctionontheleftsideofthe3 f 3 f body.Themotorcortexcontr
,p ,p
olsvoluntarymotoractivity.Brocasareacontrolsmotor3 f speech.Cognitivefunctionsareattribu
tedtotheassociationcortex.
Therightsideofthebodysmotoractivityiscontrolledbytheleftcerebralcortex.
,p ,p ,p
8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.3 f
Thepatientwillbedischargedonlowdosesofhaloperidol.Thenursewillneedto3 f in
dividualizethepatientsmedicationteachingby:
a. Includingthepatientscaregiverintheeducation
,p ,p
b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed
Providingtheeducationatatimewhenthepatientisemotionallycalmandrelaxed
,p ,p ,p
c.
Encouragingthepatienttocrushordissolvethemedicationtohelpwithswallowing
,p
d.
ANS:A
TESTBANKFORSTAHL'SESSENTIALPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY:
NEUROSCIENTIFICBASISANDPRACTICALAPPLICATIONS4THEDITION
Stahl'sEssentialPsychopharmacology
NeuroscientificBasisandPracticalApplicationsTESTBANK/STUDYGUIDE
Chapter1Chemicalneurotransmission
MULTIPLECHOICE
1. Apatientwithdepressionmentionstothenurse,Mymothersaysdepressionisa3 f
,p ,p ,p
chemicaldisorder.Whatdoesshemean?Thenursesresponseisbasedonthe3 f theo
,p
rythatdepressionprimarilyinvolveswhichofthefollowing3fneurotransmitters?
a. CortisolandGABA
b. COMTandglutamate ,p
c. Monamineandglycine
d. Serotoninandnorepinephrine
ANS:D
Onepossiblecauseofdepressionisthoughttoinvolveoneormore3 f neurotransmitters.Serotonin
andnorepinephrinehavebeenfoundtobeimportantin3ftheregulationofdepression.Thereisnores
,p ,p
earchtosupportthattheotheroptionsplay3 f 3 f asignificantroleinthedevelopmentofdepression.
,p ,p ,p
2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident)
that3fhasresultedindamagetotheBrocaarea.Whichevaluationdoesthenurseconductto3 f
,p ,p
,3 freinforcethisdiagnosis?
a. Observingthepatientpickupaspoon ,p ,p
b. Askingthepatienttorecitethealphabet
,p ,p
c. Monitoringthepatientsbloodpressure
,p ,p ,p
d. Comparingthepatientsgripstrengthinbothhands
,p ,p
ANS:B
Accidents3for3fstrokes3fthat3fdamage3fBrocas3farea3fmay3fresult3fin3fthe3finability3fto3fsp
eak3f(i.e.,motoraphasia).3fFine3fmotorskills,3fbloodpressure3fcontrol,3fand3fmusclestren
gth3fare3fnotcontrolledbytheBrocaareaoftheleftfrontallobe.
3. Thepatientdiagnosedwithschizophreniaaskswhypsychotropicmedicationsare3f
,p
alwaysprescribedbythedoctor.Thenursesanswerwillbebasedon3 f informationthat ,p ,p
thetherapeuticactionofpsychotropicdrugsistheresultoftheir3 f effecton:
,p
a. Thetemporallobe;especiallyWernickesarea
b. Dendritesandtheirabilitytotransmitelectricalimpulses
,p ,p
c. Theregulationofneurotransmittersespeciallydopamine
,p
d. Theperipheralnervoussystemsensitivitytothepsychotropicmedications
,ANS:C
Medicationsusedtotreatpsychiatricdisordersoperateinandaroundthesynaptic3 f cleftandhave
actionattheneurotransmitterlevel,especiallyinthecaseof3 f schizophrenia,ondopamine.TheW
ernickesarea,dendritefunction,orthesensitivity3 f oftheperipheralnervoussystemarenotreleva ,p
nttoeitherschizophreniaorpsychotropic3 f medications.
,p
4. Astudentnursemuttersthatitseemsentirelyunnecessarytohavetostruggle3fw
,p ,p ,p
ithunderstandingtheanatomyandphysiologyoftheneurologicsystem.The3 f m ,p
entorwouldbasearesponseontheunderstandingthatitis:
Necessarybutgenerallyforpsychiatricnurseswhofocusprimarilyonbehavioral3finte
,p ,p
a. rventions
Acomplexundertakingthatadvancepracticepsychiatricnursesfrequentlyusein3fthei
,p
b. rpractice
Importantprimarilyforthenursingassessmentofpatientswithbraintraumacaused3fc
c. ognitivesymptoms
Necessaryforplanningpsychiatriccareforallpatientsespecially3fthoseexperiencing
d. psychiatricdisorders
ANS:D
Nursesmustunderstandthatmanysymptomsofpsychiatricdisordershavea3 f neurologicbasis,al
,p
thoughthesymptomsaremanifestedbehaviorally.This3 f understandingfacilitateseffectivecare
planning.Thefoundationofknowledgeis3 f notusedexclusivelybyadvancedpracticepsychiatric
nursesnorisitrelevantforonly3 f behaviortherapiesorbraintraumasincedealingwiththeresultso
,p ,p ,p
fnormaland3 f 3 f abnormalbrainfunctionisaresponsibilityofallnursesprovidingalltypesofcareto
,p
the3 f psychiatricpatient.
5. Apatientasksthenurse,Mywifehasbreastcancer.Coulditbecausedby3fh
,p ,p ,p ,p
erchronicdepression?Whichresponseissupportedbyresearchdata?
a. Toomuchstresshasbeenproventocauseallkindsofcancer. ,p
b. Therehavebeennoresearchstudiesdoneonstressanddiseaseyet.
,p ,p ,p ,p
c. Stressdoescausethereleaseoffactorsthatsuppresstheimmunesystem.
,p ,p ,p
d. Thereappearstobelittleconnectionbetweenstressanddiseasesofthebody ,p ,p
ANS:C
Researchindicatesthatstresscausesareleaseofcorticotropin-
,p
releasingfactorsthat3 f suppresstheimmunesystem.Studiesindicatethatpsychiatricdisorderssu
,p ,p
chas3fmooddisordersaresometimesassociatedwithdecreasedfunctioningoftheimmune3 f syste ,p
m.Researchdoesnotsupportaconnectionbetweenmanycancersandstress.
,p
Thereisasignificantamountofresearchaboutstressandthebody.3 f Researchhasshownthatthere ,p ,p
aresomeconnectionsbetweenstressandphysicaldisease. ,p ,p
, 6. Apatientwhohasaparietallobeinjuryisbeingevaluatedforpsychiatric3 f r
ehabilitationneeds.Oftheaspectsoffunctioninglisted,whichwillthenurse3fi ,p ,p ,p ,p
dentifyasafocusofnursingintervention?
a. Expressionofemotion
b. Detectingauditorystimuli
c. Receivingvisualimages ,p
d. Processingassociations ,p
ANS:D
Theparietallobeisresponsibleforassociatingandprocessingsensoryinformationthat3fallowsforf
unctionssuchasfollowingdirectionsonamap,readingaclock,dressing3 f 3 f self,keepingappoint
,p
ments,anddistinguishingrightfromleft.Emotionalexpressionis3 f associatedwithfrontallobefu
nction.Detectingauditorystimuliisatemporallobe3 f function.Receivingvisualimagesisrelate
dtooccipitallobefunction.
7. Atadmission,thenurselearnsthatsometimeagothepatienthadaninfarctin3 f therig
,p ,p ,p ,p ,p
htcerebralcortex.Duringassessment,thenursewouldexpecttofindthatthe3 f 3 f patie
nt:
a. Demonstratesmajordeficienciesinspeech ,p
b. Isunabletoeffectivelyholdaspooninthelefthand ,p
c. Hasdifficultyexplaininghowtogoaboutusingthetelephone
,p ,p ,p
d. Cannotusehisrighthandtoshavehimselforcombhisownhair
,p ,p
ANS:B
Thecerebralhemispheresareresponsibleforfunctionssuchascontrolofmuscles.The3 f righthemis ,p ,p ,p
pheremainlycontrolsthemotorandsensoryfunctionsontheleftsideofthe3 f 3 f body.Damagetoth ,p
erightsidewouldresultinimpairedfunctionontheleftsideofthe3 f 3 f body.Themotorcortexcontr
,p ,p
olsvoluntarymotoractivity.Brocasareacontrolsmotor3 f speech.Cognitivefunctionsareattribu
tedtotheassociationcortex.
Therightsideofthebodysmotoractivityiscontrolledbytheleftcerebralcortex.
,p ,p ,p
8. Apatientwithchronicschizophreniahadastrokeinvolvingthehippocampus.3 f
Thepatientwillbedischargedonlowdosesofhaloperidol.Thenursewillneedto3 f in
dividualizethepatientsmedicationteachingby:
a. Includingthepatientscaregiverintheeducation
,p ,p
b. Beingcarefultostresstheimportanceoftakingthemedicationasprescribed
Providingtheeducationatatimewhenthepatientisemotionallycalmandrelaxed
,p ,p ,p
c.
Encouragingthepatienttocrushordissolvethemedicationtohelpwithswallowing
,p
d.
ANS:A
