US Healthcare System Chapter 4 UPDATED
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Advanced practice nurses (APNs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Nurses who have education
and clinical training beyond that required for an RN. The four areas of specialization in nursing
include clinical nurse specialist (CNS), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), nurse
practitioner (NP), and certified nurse midwife (CNM). NPs and CNMs are also categorized as
nonphysician practitioners.
Allied health professional - CORRECT ANSWER - Someone who has received a
certificate; associate's, bachelor's, or master's degree; doctoral level preparation; or post-
baccalaureate training in a science related to health care and has responsibility for the delivery of
health or related services.
Allopathic medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - views medical treatment as active
intervention to produce a counteracting reaction in an attempt to neutralize the effects of disease.
Certified nurse midwives (CNMs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Registered nurses with
additional training from a nurse-midwifery program in areas such as maternal and fetal
procedures, maternity and child nursing, and patient assessment.
Chiropractors - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide treatment to patients through chiropractic
(done by hand) manipulation, physiotherapy, and dietary counseling. They typically help patients
with neurological, muscular, and vascular disturbances. Chiropractic is based on the belief that
the body is a self-healing organism.
Comorbidity - CORRECT ANSWER - Refers to the condition when patients have multiple
health problems.
Dental assistants - CORRECT ANSWER - Work for dentists in the preparation,
examination, and treatment of patients. While dental assistants do not have to be licensed to
work, there are formal training programs available that offer a certificate or diploma.
, Dental hygienists - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide preventive dental care, including
cleaning teeth and educating patients on proper dental hygiene. Dental hygienists must be
licensed to practice.
Dentists - CORRECT ANSWER - The major providers of dental care and must be licensed
to practice. Their major roles are to diagnose and treat dental problems related to the teeth, gums,
and tissues of the mouth. Eight specialty areas are recognized by the American Dental
Association: orthodontists (straightening teeth), oral and maxillo facial surgeons (operating on
the mouth and jaws), pediatric dentistry (dentists for children), periodontics (treating gums),
prosthodontics (making artificial teeth or dentures), endodontics (root canal therapy), public
health dentistry (community dental health), and oral pathology (diseases of the mouth).
Generalists - CORRECT ANSWER - Physicians trained in family medicine/general
practice, general internal medicine, and general pediatrics in the United States. They are
considered primary care providers.
Hospitalist - CORRECT ANSWER - A physician who specializes in the care of
hospitalized patients.
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Called licensed vocational
nurses (LVNs) in some states, care for patients under the direction of physicians and registered
nurses.
They must complete a state-approved program in practical nursing and a national written
examination.
Maldistribution - CORRECT ANSWER - Refers to either a surplus or a shortage of the
type of health providers (typically physicians) needed to maintain the health status of a given
population at an optimum level. Maldistribution can occur both geographically and by specialty.
Nonphysician practitioners (NPPs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Providers who practice in
many areas similar to those in which physicians practice, but they do not possess a doctoral
degree. NPPs are sometimes called midlevel practitioners because they receive less advanced
ACTUAL Exam Questions and CORRECT
Answers
Advanced practice nurses (APNs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Nurses who have education
and clinical training beyond that required for an RN. The four areas of specialization in nursing
include clinical nurse specialist (CNS), certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA), nurse
practitioner (NP), and certified nurse midwife (CNM). NPs and CNMs are also categorized as
nonphysician practitioners.
Allied health professional - CORRECT ANSWER - Someone who has received a
certificate; associate's, bachelor's, or master's degree; doctoral level preparation; or post-
baccalaureate training in a science related to health care and has responsibility for the delivery of
health or related services.
Allopathic medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - views medical treatment as active
intervention to produce a counteracting reaction in an attempt to neutralize the effects of disease.
Certified nurse midwives (CNMs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Registered nurses with
additional training from a nurse-midwifery program in areas such as maternal and fetal
procedures, maternity and child nursing, and patient assessment.
Chiropractors - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide treatment to patients through chiropractic
(done by hand) manipulation, physiotherapy, and dietary counseling. They typically help patients
with neurological, muscular, and vascular disturbances. Chiropractic is based on the belief that
the body is a self-healing organism.
Comorbidity - CORRECT ANSWER - Refers to the condition when patients have multiple
health problems.
Dental assistants - CORRECT ANSWER - Work for dentists in the preparation,
examination, and treatment of patients. While dental assistants do not have to be licensed to
work, there are formal training programs available that offer a certificate or diploma.
, Dental hygienists - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide preventive dental care, including
cleaning teeth and educating patients on proper dental hygiene. Dental hygienists must be
licensed to practice.
Dentists - CORRECT ANSWER - The major providers of dental care and must be licensed
to practice. Their major roles are to diagnose and treat dental problems related to the teeth, gums,
and tissues of the mouth. Eight specialty areas are recognized by the American Dental
Association: orthodontists (straightening teeth), oral and maxillo facial surgeons (operating on
the mouth and jaws), pediatric dentistry (dentists for children), periodontics (treating gums),
prosthodontics (making artificial teeth or dentures), endodontics (root canal therapy), public
health dentistry (community dental health), and oral pathology (diseases of the mouth).
Generalists - CORRECT ANSWER - Physicians trained in family medicine/general
practice, general internal medicine, and general pediatrics in the United States. They are
considered primary care providers.
Hospitalist - CORRECT ANSWER - A physician who specializes in the care of
hospitalized patients.
Licensed practical nurses (LPNs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Called licensed vocational
nurses (LVNs) in some states, care for patients under the direction of physicians and registered
nurses.
They must complete a state-approved program in practical nursing and a national written
examination.
Maldistribution - CORRECT ANSWER - Refers to either a surplus or a shortage of the
type of health providers (typically physicians) needed to maintain the health status of a given
population at an optimum level. Maldistribution can occur both geographically and by specialty.
Nonphysician practitioners (NPPs) - CORRECT ANSWER - Providers who practice in
many areas similar to those in which physicians practice, but they do not possess a doctoral
degree. NPPs are sometimes called midlevel practitioners because they receive less advanced
