CHT practice test 8/23 Exam Questions And Answers

A tourniquet is required when assessing a fistula. What is the rationale? - ANS -Assisting with visualization of the fistula -Prevents the vessel from moving -Tighter skin promotes a cleaner entry into the skin what are the things a technician can do to prevent blood loss from exsanguination? - ANS - secure all bloodlines, access connections and needles post cannulation -Avoid blood tubing from touching the floor to prevent risk of tubing being stepped on - Always be sure that the patient's access limb is exposed and can be seen from afar what are the possible signs and symptoms a patient may represent with steal syndrome? - ANS - Pain ad tingling to access limb - decreased motor skills in the hand - cold sensation in the limb when assessing for cannulation sites, it is recommended that the needles be placed 1.5 inches apart. what is the primary reason for this? - ANS decrease risk of recirculation what is the best way to prepare an access for cannulation? - ANS Scrub in a circular motion from inside to outside and allow the recommended time for the skin contact before cannulation which of the following is (are) a function(s) of the nephron? - ANS - Maintains homeostasis of the blood - Glomerular filtration - Tubular reabsorption The hormone that aids in making RBC is: - ANS Erythropoietin progression of CKD may be slowed down by the following except: - ANS if the patient is young, there is nothing to worry about How can the progression of CKD be slowed down ? - ANS - BP control with diet and medication - Blood sugar control for diabetic patients -reduction of risk factors like smoking and high cholesterol what is turn about Glomerular (GFR)? - ANS - It is the volume of blood filtered by the glomerulus - The level of GFR defines GFR the 5 stages of CKD - 120 - 130 ML/Min is the normal level of GFR which of the following conditions is the most common cause of kidney disease in the US? - ANS Diabetes what factors can affect the adequacy of dialysis? - ANS - type of access - blood and dialysate flow rates - dialyzer Uremia is defined as - ANS Buildup of metabolic wastes in the blood patients with renal osteodystrophy exhibit the following symptoms: - ANS - joint and bone pain, muscle pain, or muscle weakness Anemia in ERSD can be caused by: - ANS - exsanguination ( bleeding out) and crenation - inability of the kidneys to produce Erythropoietin (Making of RBC) - Chronic inflammatory conditions Hypovolemia can result from excessive removal of fluids during dialysis, symptoms may be - ANS postural hypotension and tachycardia which of the following has high potassium content? - ANS tomato sauce, salt substitute, orange juice which of the following is transmitted by blood and other body fluids? - ANS -Hep B and C -HIV which of the following is a treatment for infiltration? - ANS Apply an ice pack at to the site of infiltration at an interval of 20 minutes on and 20 minutes off Pyrogen reactions is caused by which of the following? - ANS - Endotoxins level greater than 2 EU/mL - Greater than 200 CFU in dialysis water John is 46 years old and works 2 jobs to support his family. He has been on dialysis for 2 years. His dialysis schedule is TTHS at 1400. He frequently misses his Saturday treatment. Since he has difficulty coming to dialysis on Saturdays, which intervention can be implemented to improve his ability to attend? - ANS Change his dialysis schedule to accommodate his life needs How would you define an outcome for a patient? - ANS End result values of the care that was provided by the healthcare team Harry presents to the dialysis unit Monday with 4+ edema, complaining of muscle weakness, and stating that he slept in his recliner with oxygen on all night. He reports his weight as only 2kg above his dry weight. You suspect he is lying. How would you address this situation? - ANS Politely request that the 2 of you walk over to the scale and reweigh to verify You overhear a 20 year old patient states that he is going to eat and drink whatever he wants on his birthday. What might you say to the patient? - ANS " I would like to review what foods you can be more liberal with so you can make better choices" symptoms of dialysis dementia may include: - ANS - Confusion and hallucinations - Short- term memory loss and personality changes - Seizures and speech impairment Dialysis is a lifetime change. What are some ways that a new patient may react to being on dialysis? - ANS - acting hostile - becoming overly dependent on family - withdrawing; missing treatment Mike is 18 years old, very depressed and often act out at the younger technician. He is assigned to you today. As you approach, he says, " you are so slow and I don't have time for this" and stands up. How would you best address this? - ANS Politely ask mike to sit down and share with you his concerns and why he is upset today. Sally is legally blind and her son is her caregiver. Her son usually puts his mother in the chair and tells her who is putting her on dialysis. Sally's son was sick today and did not bring her in today. What should you do before putting her on? - ANS -Introduce yourself to the patient, being sure she hears and acknowledges you - Tell her what you are doing as you do it your patient is 80 years old and is from Vietnam, however he does speak English. The dietician sent him home with a pamphlet on high potassium foods. You notice him eating a banana. You ask him if he read his pamphlet. What response would make you think that he cannot read English? - ANS - all of the above Your patient's wife used to come to dialysis with him every treatment. You have not seen her for several weeks. When you ask his wife's absence, he replies " My life is none of your business, All you young people think you need to talk about everything!". What 2 things could you do to help the situation? - ANS Share with the social worker his response and your concerns and acknowledge his wishes, and share with his that is does not wish to talk, that you are here for him. All of the following are way to incorporate active listening except: - ANS Telling your patient your feeling on the matter