HOSA SPORTS MEDICINE, HOSA: SPORTS MEDICINE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026

HOSA SPORTS MEDICINE, HOSA: SPORTS MEDICINE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2025/2026 Domains of Fitness - Answer -The health-related components of fitness (flexibility, muscular strength/endurance, and cardiorespiratory endurance) Performance related components of fitness (speed, power, agility, balance, reaction time) Periodization - Answer -approach to conditioning that brings about the peak performance while reducing injuries and overtraining in the athlete through a conditioning program that is followed throughout the various seasons SAID principle (specific adaptation to imposed demands) - Answer - States that when the body is subjected to stresses and overloads of varying intensities, it will gradually adapt to overcome whatever demands are placed on it, and in doing so, minimize the potential for ing effect - Answer -An increase in functional capacity of muscles and other bodily tissues as a result of increased stress (overload) placed upon them. overload principle - Answer -Standard which states that gradual increase of a physical demand on the body will improve fitness. To see improvement in any physiological component, the system must work harder than it is accustomed to working. Gradually the system will adapt to imposed demands. Warm up and cool down - Answer -An element to be considered when designing a training session. The preparation of the body for rigorous activity (warm-up). The gradual decrease of activity at the end of a training session to promote recovery (cool-down). Flexibility - Answer -The ability to move your body parts through their full range of motion Range of Motion (ROM) - Answer -the movement of a joint to the extent possible without causing pain Agonist muscle - Answer -muscles directly engaged in contraction as related to muscles that relax at the same time antagonist muscle - Answer -Muscles that counteract the action of the agonist muscle. ballastic stretching - Answer -Bouncing movement in which repetitive contractions of the agonist muscle are used to produce quick stretches of the antagonist ic stretching - Answer -stretching done in continuous, slow, and controlled manner static stretching - Answer -extremely effective and most widely used technique of stretching. Involves passively stretching a muscle by placing it in a maximal position of stretch and holding it for an extended time (15 to 30 seconds) Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation (PNF) - Answer -stretching techniques that involve combinations of alternating contractions and stretches Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness (DOMS) - Answer -muscle pain that follows participation in a particularly long or strenuous activity, begins 24-72 hours later, and involves multiple, microscopic tears in the muscle tissue that cause inflammation, pain, swelling, and stiffness trigger point - Answer -area of tenderness in a tight band of muscle Core Stabilization - Answer -Exercises with little to no motion of the spine and pelvis used to improve neuromu