NR509 Week 4 Exam With Correct
Answers 2025
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
a. Pericardium.
b. Myocardium.
c. Endocardium.
d. Pleural space.<correct answers>a. Pericardium.
The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these?
a. Vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium - left
ventricle
b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium -
left ventricle
c. Aorta - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
- vena cava
d. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary vein - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium -
left ventricle<correct answers>b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs
- pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which
statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
a. The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
b. Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
c... Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during
systole.
d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the
ventricles.<correct answers>d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push
the remaining blood into the ventricles.
When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard
best at the base of the heart are:
a. Mitral and tricuspid.
b. Tricuspid and aortic.
c. Aortic and pulmonic.
d. Mitral and pulmonic.<correct answers>c. Aortic and pulmonic.
Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac
cycle?
a. The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
b. The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
c. The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
d. Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.<correct answers>c.
The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
,The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is
the:
a. Atrioventricular (AV) node.
b. Sinoatrial (SA) node.
c. Bundle of His.
d. Bundle branches.<correct answers>b. Sinoatrial (SA) node.
The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
a. AV node - SA node - bundle of His
b. Bundle of His - AV node - SA node
c. SA node - AV node - bundle of His - bundle branches
d. AV node - SA node - bundle of His - bundle branches<correct answers>d. AV node -
SA node - bundle of His - bundle branches
The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his ankles
include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when the head of his
bed is elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
a. Decreased fluid volume.
b... Increased cardiac output.
c. Narrowing of jugular veins.
d. Elevated pressure related to heart failure.<correct answers>d. Elevated pressure
related to heart failure.
When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which of these
statements to be true?
a. The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
b. The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial septum.
d... The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus arteriosus closes
immediately after.<correct answers>c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart
through an opening in the atrial septum.
A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of 100/70
mm Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her blood pressure
in her second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this change, what does the
nurse know to be true?
a. This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an
expected change.
b. Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this
time.
c. This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a
decrease in cardiac output.
d. This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume, which
is dangerous for the fetus.<correct answers>a. This decline in blood pressure is the
result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an expected change.
, In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100
mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart
sound. Which of these findings can be explained by expected hemodynamic changes
related to age?
a. Increase in resting heart rate
b. Increase in systolic blood pressure
c. Decrease in diastolic blood pressure
d... Increase in diastolic blood pressure<correct answers>b. Increase in systolic blood
pressure
A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the
recording of his health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty
sleeping. "I'll be sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I can't get my breath."
The nurse's best response to this would be:
a. "When was your last electrocardiogram?"
b. "It's probably because it's been so hot at night."
c. "Do you have any history of problems with your heart?"
d. "Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?"<correct
answers>c. "Do you have any history of problems with your heart?"
In assessing a patient's major risk factors for heart disease, which would the nurse want
to include when taking a history?
a. Family history, hypertension, stress, and age
b. Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking
c... Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol
d. Alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, stress, and high cholesterol<correct
answers>c... Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol
The mother of a 3-month-old infant states that her baby has not been gaining weight.
With further questioning, the nurse finds that the infant falls asleep after nursing and
wakes up after a short time, hungry again. What other information would the nurse want
to have?
a. Infant's sleeping position
b. Sibling history of eating disorders
c. Amount of background noise when eating
d. Presence of dyspnea or diaphoresis when sucking<correct answers>d. Presence of
dyspnea or diaphoresis when sucking
In assessing the carotid arteries of an older patient with cardiovascular disease, the
nurse would:
a... Palpate the artery in the upper one third of the neck.
b. Listen with the bell of the stethoscope to assess for bruits.
c... Simultaneously palpate both arteries to compare amplitude.
d. Instruct the patient to take slow deep breaths during auscultation.<correct
answers>b. Listen with the bell of the stethoscope to assess for bruits.
Answers 2025
The sac that surrounds and protects the heart is called the:
a. Pericardium.
b. Myocardium.
c. Endocardium.
d. Pleural space.<correct answers>a. Pericardium.
The direction of blood flow through the heart is best described by which of these?
a. Vena cava - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium - left
ventricle
b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium -
left ventricle
c. Aorta - right atrium - right ventricle - lungs - pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
- vena cava
d. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary vein - lungs - pulmonary artery - left atrium -
left ventricle<correct answers>b. Right atrium - right ventricle - pulmonary artery - lungs
- pulmonary vein - left atrium - left ventricle
The nurse is reviewing the anatomy and physiologic functioning of the heart. Which
statement best describes what is meant by atrial kick?
a. The atria contract during systole and attempt to push against closed valves.
b. Contraction of the atria at the beginning of diastole can be felt as a palpitation.
c... Atrial kick is the pressure exerted against the atria as the ventricles contract during
systole.
d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push the remaining blood into the
ventricles.<correct answers>d. The atria contract toward the end of diastole and push
the remaining blood into the ventricles.
When listening to heart sounds, the nurse knows the valve closures that can be heard
best at the base of the heart are:
a. Mitral and tricuspid.
b. Tricuspid and aortic.
c. Aortic and pulmonic.
d. Mitral and pulmonic.<correct answers>c. Aortic and pulmonic.
Which of these statements describes the closure of the valves in a normal cardiac
cycle?
a. The aortic valve closes slightly before the tricuspid valve.
b. The pulmonic valve closes slightly before the aortic valve.
c. The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
d. Both the tricuspid and pulmonic valves close at the same time.<correct answers>c.
The tricuspid valve closes slightly later than the mitral valve.
,The component of the conduction system referred to as the pacemaker of the heart is
the:
a. Atrioventricular (AV) node.
b. Sinoatrial (SA) node.
c. Bundle of His.
d. Bundle branches.<correct answers>b. Sinoatrial (SA) node.
The electrical stimulus of the cardiac cycle follows which sequence?
a. AV node - SA node - bundle of His
b. Bundle of His - AV node - SA node
c. SA node - AV node - bundle of His - bundle branches
d. AV node - SA node - bundle of His - bundle branches<correct answers>d. AV node -
SA node - bundle of His - bundle branches
The findings from an assessment of a 70-year-old patient with swelling in his ankles
include jugular venous pulsations 5 cm above the sternal angle when the head of his
bed is elevated 45 degrees. The nurse knows that this finding indicates:
a. Decreased fluid volume.
b... Increased cardiac output.
c. Narrowing of jugular veins.
d. Elevated pressure related to heart failure.<correct answers>d. Elevated pressure
related to heart failure.
When assessing a newborn infant who is 5 minutes old, the nurse knows which of these
statements to be true?
a. The left ventricle is larger and weighs more than the right ventricle.
b. The circulation of a newborn is identical to that of an adult.
c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart through an opening in the atrial septum.
d... The foramen ovale closes just minutes before birth, and the ductus arteriosus closes
immediately after.<correct answers>c. Blood can flow into the left side of the heart
through an opening in the atrial septum.
A 25-year-old woman in her fifth month of pregnancy has a blood pressure of 100/70
mm Hg. In reviewing her previous examination, the nurse notes that her blood pressure
in her second month was 124/80 mm Hg. In evaluating this change, what does the
nurse know to be true?
a. This decline in blood pressure is the result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an
expected change.
b. Because of increased cardiac output, the blood pressure should be higher at this
time.
c. This change in blood pressure is not an expected finding because it means a
decrease in cardiac output.
d. This decline in blood pressure means a decrease in circulating blood volume, which
is dangerous for the fetus.<correct answers>a. This decline in blood pressure is the
result of peripheral vasodilatation and is an expected change.
, In assessing a 70-year-old man, the nurse finds the following: blood pressure 140/100
mm Hg; heart rate 104 beats per minute and slightly irregular; and the split S2 heart
sound. Which of these findings can be explained by expected hemodynamic changes
related to age?
a. Increase in resting heart rate
b. Increase in systolic blood pressure
c. Decrease in diastolic blood pressure
d... Increase in diastolic blood pressure<correct answers>b. Increase in systolic blood
pressure
A 45-year-old man is in the clinic for a routine physical examination. During the
recording of his health history, the patient states that he has been having difficulty
sleeping. "I'll be sleeping great, and then I wake up and feel like I can't get my breath."
The nurse's best response to this would be:
a. "When was your last electrocardiogram?"
b. "It's probably because it's been so hot at night."
c. "Do you have any history of problems with your heart?"
d. "Have you had a recent sinus infection or upper respiratory infection?"<correct
answers>c. "Do you have any history of problems with your heart?"
In assessing a patient's major risk factors for heart disease, which would the nurse want
to include when taking a history?
a. Family history, hypertension, stress, and age
b. Personality type, high cholesterol, diabetes, and smoking
c... Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol
d. Alcohol consumption, obesity, diabetes, stress, and high cholesterol<correct
answers>c... Smoking, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, and high cholesterol
The mother of a 3-month-old infant states that her baby has not been gaining weight.
With further questioning, the nurse finds that the infant falls asleep after nursing and
wakes up after a short time, hungry again. What other information would the nurse want
to have?
a. Infant's sleeping position
b. Sibling history of eating disorders
c. Amount of background noise when eating
d. Presence of dyspnea or diaphoresis when sucking<correct answers>d. Presence of
dyspnea or diaphoresis when sucking
In assessing the carotid arteries of an older patient with cardiovascular disease, the
nurse would:
a... Palpate the artery in the upper one third of the neck.
b. Listen with the bell of the stethoscope to assess for bruits.
c... Simultaneously palpate both arteries to compare amplitude.
d. Instruct the patient to take slow deep breaths during auscultation.<correct
answers>b. Listen with the bell of the stethoscope to assess for bruits.
