cht exam Questions And Answers

The functional unit of the kidney or the structure in the kidney that does the work is the? - ANS Nephron A nephron is made up of? - ANS A glomerulus and a tubule The endrocine functions of the kidney include - ANS Making erythpoietin and the active form of vitaim D The leading cause of End stage renal disease for adults in the USA - ANS Diabetes Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching which is likely to be caused by? - ANS Hyperphosphatemia Why do kidney patients often have bone disease? - ANS Kidneys stop producing calcium Symptoms tht a patient may need more dialysis time include? - ANS Anorexia ,Fatique, Swelling A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that? - ANS Allows for only certain sized particles to cross Diffusion is movement of Particles? - ANS From an area of higher concentration Negative pressure is pressure created when? - ANS Fluid is pulled through a restriction During Dialysis Ultrafiltration occurs when? - ANS Water is removed from blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate. At which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under negative pressure? - ANS The arterial line section before the blood plump. Which of the following will increase the amount of solutes that will diffuse across the semipermeable membrane? - ANS High concentration gradients The components of the dialysis treatment that effect clearance include? - ANS Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size , blood flow rate 2 things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body include? - ANS Surface area and molecular weight cutoff. dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. it contains a number of substance. - ANS Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium What is the most important saftey monitor during a dialysis treatment? - ANS The dialysis Technician dialysate conductivity measures - ANS The total electrical charge of a solution dialysate that has too much soduim may cause patient injury. too much soduim or hypernatremia can cause? - ANS Headace, High blood pressure, and shriveling of red blood cells. Dialysate that has to much calcium can cause - ANS irregular heartbeat, sever muscle weakness, vomiting, confussion Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause? - ANS Low blood pressure, cramping, and bursting of red blood cells dialysate that has too little calcium can cause? - ANS numbness, seizures, and muscle pain things that can effect dialysis adequacy include all of the following except? - ANS luer lock connectors. Normal body temp taken orally is ? - ANS 98.6 The instrument used for measuring blood pressure is called the ? - ANS Syphygmomanometer A rapid pulse of 104 beats/min would indicate that the paptient has - ANS Tachycardia Seizures during dialysis may be caused by all of the following EXCEPT - ANS Sudden decrease in dialyzer clearence Which of the following situtations will cause an increase in venous pressure during dialysis? - ANS venous needle infiltration The normal range for resting pulse rate in an adult is? - ANS 60 to 100 beats/min The transmembrane pressure has been gradually changing during the last 1-1/2 hours of dialysis. You suspect clotting in the dialyzer. The first action you should take is to? - ANS Rinse the dialyzer with normal saline If there is a decrease in the patient URR OR KT/V,which of the following factors should be looked at? - ANS ased access recirculation ished dialyzer performance due to reprocessing uate anticoagulation of the blood pump speed which of the following is the first sympton that a patient developing dialysis disequilibrium syndrone is most likely to exhibit? - ANS Headace a patient who is fluid overload will probably have which of the following sets of symptoms. Symptoms may be mild or severe. - ANS Tachycardia, Hypertension, dyspnea first use syndrome is a hypersensitivty reaction to a dialyhzer. It is characterized by? - ANS Back pain, Anxiety, Tachycardia, wheezing, circulatory collapse dialyzer performance can be affected by reuse .Which of the following sets of potential problems may be related to reuse? - ANS Blood leak, first use syndrome, inconsistent ultrafiltration AAMI standards recommended quality control activites before a reprocessed dialyzer is used on a patient. How many people must check the dialyzer to verify quialty control info? - ANS 2 people,1of whom should be the patient which of the followingis _NOT_ a symptom of chemical reaction due to incomplete rinsing of the germicide from a reprocessed dialyzer? - ANS Numbness in the access arm Dialyzer are processed before each use to rinse out manufacturing residues and to? - ANS Establish the orginal fiber bundle volume of the dialyzer and check for leaks