Ortho NCLEX Questions AND ANSWERS
Pass Grade
Ortho NCLEX Questions AND ANSWERS
Pass Grade
A retired 66- year- old female patient is being evaluated for osteoporosis as part of a yearly physical
exam. The patient states that she is a smoker, watches television for most of the day, and has been
hospitalized twice with fractures within the last year. Based on this information, the nurse suspects
which condition?
A.Low bone mass leading to increased bone fragility
B.Degeneration of the articular cartilage
C.Recurrent attacks of acute arthritis
D.Personality changes caused by chronic nature of illness - ANSWER A. Low bone mass leading to
increased bone fragility
'
Low bone mass, structural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility, and increased
susceptibility to fractures are seen with osteoporosis. The patient also has risk factors associated with
osteoporosis: smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and being female and menopausal. Degenerative changes are
associated with frequent exacerbations of arthritis. There is no indication of personality change in this
patient.
The nurse determines that a 55- year-old female patient is experiencing menopause and is also at risk
for osteoporosis. What foods other than milk can the nurse suggest to this patient to increase calcium
intake?
A. Seafood, wheat, corn, green vegetables
B. Chicken vegetables, green vegetables, pasta, broccoli
C. Green vegetables, sardines, salmon with bone, molasses
D. Fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans, asparagus - ANSWER Answer C is correct. Women of
menopausal age are at risk for osteoporosis, and foods high in calcium should be encouraged. A diet
with green vegetables, sardines, salmon with bone, and molasses provides high- quality calcium and is
recommended for a patient experiencing menopause in order to decrease the risk of osteoporosis. A
diet with seafood, wheat, corn, and green vegetables is more concentrated in carbohydrates than
, Ortho NCLEX Questions AND ANSWERS
Pass Grade
proteins containing more calcium. A diet with chicken, green vegetables, sardines, and broccoli contains
some calcium but is lower than the other option. Foods such as fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans,
and asparagus are inadequate in calcium.
A patient with osteoporosis has been advised to increase the amount of calcium in her diet. Which food
provides the most calcium?
An 8- oz glass of milk
An ounce of cheddar cheese
A half cup of raw broccoli
A 4- ounce salmon croquette - ANSWER Answer A is correct. An 8-ounce glass of milk contains 290mg of
calcium. Answers B, C, and D contain lesser amounts; therefore, they are incorrect. (Note: An ounce of
cheddar cheese contains 205 mg of calcium; half a cup of raw broccoli contains 175mg of calcium; and 4
ounces of salmon croquette contains 165 mg of calcium).
Which of the following instructions should be included for the patient taking calcium supplements?
A.The patient should take her calcium with meals
B.The patient should take all her daily calcium supplements at one time
C.The patient should take her calcium supplement after meals to prevent stomach upset
D.The patient can use calcium- based antacids for supplement. - ANSWER Rationale: Answer D is correct.
Many people prefer to supplement their calcium intake with calcium- based antacids. If calcium
supplements are used, they should be administered 30 minutes before meals to maximize absorption,
so answer A is wrong. Calcium absorption is better if it is administered throughout the day rather than in
a single dose, making answer B wrong. Calcium supplements do not cause stomach upset, so answer C is
wrong.
Alendronate (Fosamax) is ordered for a patient with osteoporosis. Which information should the nurse
teach the patient about the medication?
A. Acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator
B. Reduces risk of invasive breast cancer
C. May be obtained as a nasal spray
D. Inhibits bone resorption - ANSWER Alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate, is a potent inhibitor of
bone resorption that preserves bone mass and increases bone density. Raloxifene (Evista) is an example
Pass Grade
Ortho NCLEX Questions AND ANSWERS
Pass Grade
A retired 66- year- old female patient is being evaluated for osteoporosis as part of a yearly physical
exam. The patient states that she is a smoker, watches television for most of the day, and has been
hospitalized twice with fractures within the last year. Based on this information, the nurse suspects
which condition?
A.Low bone mass leading to increased bone fragility
B.Degeneration of the articular cartilage
C.Recurrent attacks of acute arthritis
D.Personality changes caused by chronic nature of illness - ANSWER A. Low bone mass leading to
increased bone fragility
'
Low bone mass, structural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility, and increased
susceptibility to fractures are seen with osteoporosis. The patient also has risk factors associated with
osteoporosis: smoking, sedentary lifestyle, and being female and menopausal. Degenerative changes are
associated with frequent exacerbations of arthritis. There is no indication of personality change in this
patient.
The nurse determines that a 55- year-old female patient is experiencing menopause and is also at risk
for osteoporosis. What foods other than milk can the nurse suggest to this patient to increase calcium
intake?
A. Seafood, wheat, corn, green vegetables
B. Chicken vegetables, green vegetables, pasta, broccoli
C. Green vegetables, sardines, salmon with bone, molasses
D. Fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans, asparagus - ANSWER Answer C is correct. Women of
menopausal age are at risk for osteoporosis, and foods high in calcium should be encouraged. A diet
with green vegetables, sardines, salmon with bone, and molasses provides high- quality calcium and is
recommended for a patient experiencing menopause in order to decrease the risk of osteoporosis. A
diet with seafood, wheat, corn, and green vegetables is more concentrated in carbohydrates than
, Ortho NCLEX Questions AND ANSWERS
Pass Grade
proteins containing more calcium. A diet with chicken, green vegetables, sardines, and broccoli contains
some calcium but is lower than the other option. Foods such as fresh fruits, English muffins, black beans,
and asparagus are inadequate in calcium.
A patient with osteoporosis has been advised to increase the amount of calcium in her diet. Which food
provides the most calcium?
An 8- oz glass of milk
An ounce of cheddar cheese
A half cup of raw broccoli
A 4- ounce salmon croquette - ANSWER Answer A is correct. An 8-ounce glass of milk contains 290mg of
calcium. Answers B, C, and D contain lesser amounts; therefore, they are incorrect. (Note: An ounce of
cheddar cheese contains 205 mg of calcium; half a cup of raw broccoli contains 175mg of calcium; and 4
ounces of salmon croquette contains 165 mg of calcium).
Which of the following instructions should be included for the patient taking calcium supplements?
A.The patient should take her calcium with meals
B.The patient should take all her daily calcium supplements at one time
C.The patient should take her calcium supplement after meals to prevent stomach upset
D.The patient can use calcium- based antacids for supplement. - ANSWER Rationale: Answer D is correct.
Many people prefer to supplement their calcium intake with calcium- based antacids. If calcium
supplements are used, they should be administered 30 minutes before meals to maximize absorption,
so answer A is wrong. Calcium absorption is better if it is administered throughout the day rather than in
a single dose, making answer B wrong. Calcium supplements do not cause stomach upset, so answer C is
wrong.
Alendronate (Fosamax) is ordered for a patient with osteoporosis. Which information should the nurse
teach the patient about the medication?
A. Acts as a selective estrogen receptor modulator
B. Reduces risk of invasive breast cancer
C. May be obtained as a nasal spray
D. Inhibits bone resorption - ANSWER Alendronate (Fosamax), a bisphosphonate, is a potent inhibitor of
bone resorption that preserves bone mass and increases bone density. Raloxifene (Evista) is an example
