Relias - Fetal Heart Monitoring QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS 2025 ( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED)
SUCCESS GUARANTEED!
uterine blood supply - ANSWER - uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to spiral arteries
which bring oxygen rich blood to intervillous space of placenta that has fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that goes to fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that intervillous space that go into
mother's venous system
Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation - ANSWER *Maternal Oxygenation:*
asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
*Maternal Circulation:* decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension, decreased Hgb
*Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange:* postterm, abruption, HTN, hypotension, uterine tachysystole
*Fetal circulation:* cord compression or occlusion
Fetal hypoxemia - ANSWER - can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive uterine activity,
or reduced uteroplacental blood flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns, mostly minimal or absent
variability from acidemia
, (1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia - ANSWER 1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
Fetal anaerobic metabolism - ANSWER - occurs when long term O2 delivery is insufficient to
meet cellular needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
acidosis - ANSWER pH below 7.35
pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
alkalosis - ANSWER pH above 7.45
pH is high
buffers - ANSWER - help maintain acid base homeostasis
- 2 major fetal buffers are plasma bicarbonate and hgb
base excess and base deficit - ANSWER - base deficit is expressed as a positive number
ANSWERS 2025 ( A+ GRADED 100% VERIFIED)
SUCCESS GUARANTEED!
uterine blood supply - ANSWER - uterine arteries deliver oxygenated blood to spiral arteries
which bring oxygen rich blood to intervillous space of placenta that has fetal capillaries
- fetal capillaries carry the O2 rich blood to umbilical VEIN that goes to fetus
-in contrast, the umbilical ARTERIES return waste products to that intervillous space that go into
mother's venous system
Potential issues that negatively affect fetal oxygenation - ANSWER *Maternal Oxygenation:*
asthma, hyper- or hypo- ventilation
*Maternal Circulation:* decreased maternal cardiac output, hypotension, decreased Hgb
*Placental O2 and CO2 Exchange:* postterm, abruption, HTN, hypotension, uterine tachysystole
*Fetal circulation:* cord compression or occlusion
Fetal hypoxemia - ANSWER - can occur d/t reduced fetal O2 reserves, excessive uterine activity,
or reduced uteroplacental blood flow
- worsening fetal hypoxemia can lead to abnormal FHR patterns, mostly minimal or absent
variability from acidemia
, (1) hypoxemia vs. (2) hypoxia - ANSWER 1 - reduce O2 in blood
2 - reduced O2 delivery at tissue level
Fetal anaerobic metabolism - ANSWER - occurs when long term O2 delivery is insufficient to
meet cellular needs of tissues
- results in production of lactic acid and other noncarbonic acids
- ACIDOSIS is the presence of excessive acids in tissues
acidosis - ANSWER pH below 7.35
pH is low
(acidosis is the process that leads to low blood pH, or acidemia)
alkalosis - ANSWER pH above 7.45
pH is high
buffers - ANSWER - help maintain acid base homeostasis
- 2 major fetal buffers are plasma bicarbonate and hgb
base excess and base deficit - ANSWER - base deficit is expressed as a positive number
