PATHOPHYSIOLOGY HESI EXIT EXAM 2025 WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS// GRADED A+
The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant with gluten-induced
enteropathy. Which common term for this disorder would the nurse use
when discussing the infant's diagnosis with the parents? CORRECT
ANSWERceliac disease
Which autoantigens are responsible for the development of Crohn's
disease? CORRECT ANSWERCrypt epithelial cells
Which organism would the nurse explain was responsible for a client's
recent diagnosis of malaria? CORRECT ANSWERSporozoa
The nurse explains to the parents of a 6 year old child with a pinworm
infestation how pinworms are transmitted. Which statement indicates
that the teaching ahs been understood? CORRECT ANSWERWash
hands before eating
To which part of the respiratory system would the client's radiology
report refer when identifying the angle of Louis? CORRECT
ANSWERCarina
,Which explanation will the nurse give when a client asks about what
causes varicose veins? CORRECT ANSWER"Incompetent valves of
superficial veins."
The parents of a child with recently diagnosed leukemia ask the nurse
why their child has too many white blood cells. Which response by the
nurse is best? CORRECT ANSWER"The bone marrow is not controlling
your child's white blood cell production as it should."
Which complication may develop in the child with hypospadias with
chordee? CORRECT ANSWERSexual difficulties
Which statements regarding acne are correct? Select all that apply
CORRECT ANSWERAcne may be caused by stress
Family hx could be a reason for it
Propionibacterium acnes causes acne
Acne is commonly found on the face, chest, lower back, and neck
Which conditions may result from immunoglobin IgE antibodies on
mast cells reacting with antigens? CORRECT ANSWERAsthma
Hay fever
A client sustained minor skin injuries after an accident. Which event
occurs close to the time of injury? CORRECT ANSWERMigration of
leukocytes to the site of injury
,Which virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis in
clients? CORRECT ANSWEREpstein-Barr
Which condition is due to decreased elasticity of the outer lens?
CORRECT ANSWERPresbyopia
Which explanation would the nurse provide to the parents of a child with
spasmodic croup who ask why their child is receiving humidified
oxygen? CORRECT ANSWERIt helps prevent drying of membranes
Which type of brain tumor can originate from cells that form the myelin
sheath around nerves? CORRECT ANSWERAcoustic neuroma
While conducting an eye examination, the ophthalmologist shines a light
into the client's pupil and observes there is a slow recovery of the pupil
size. Which muscular atrophy is responsible for this condition?
CORRECT ANSWERThe iris dilator muscle
Which factor is the cause of frequent upper respiratory tract infections in
toddlers? CORRECT ANSWERImmature immune system
Which strategy would the nurse teach the parents of a child who is being
discharged from the hospital after a diagnosis of acute spasmodic
, laryngitis to help prevent another croup episode? CORRECT
ANSWERUse a cool mist vaporizer
A newborn with Erb palsy has an asymmetric Moro reflex. Which cause
would the nurse suspect? CORRECT ANSWERan injury to the shoulder
during birth
A mother whose son has acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is fearful that
her other children may contract the disorder. What should the nurse tell
the mother about the origin of acute glomerulonephritis? CORRECT
ANSWER"It is a result of an autoimmune response after a streptococcal
infection."
A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) has recurrent episodes of bronchitis,
and the parents ask why this happens. Which reason would the nurse
include in the reply? CORRECT ANSWERTenacious secretions that
obstruct the respiratory tract provide a favorable medium for growth of
bacteria.
Which comorbidity is associated with Down syndrome? CORRECT
ANSWERCongenital heart disease
In a child with lead poisoning, where is lead stored while remaining
inert? CORRECT ANSWERBones
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS// GRADED A+
The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old infant with gluten-induced
enteropathy. Which common term for this disorder would the nurse use
when discussing the infant's diagnosis with the parents? CORRECT
ANSWERceliac disease
Which autoantigens are responsible for the development of Crohn's
disease? CORRECT ANSWERCrypt epithelial cells
Which organism would the nurse explain was responsible for a client's
recent diagnosis of malaria? CORRECT ANSWERSporozoa
The nurse explains to the parents of a 6 year old child with a pinworm
infestation how pinworms are transmitted. Which statement indicates
that the teaching ahs been understood? CORRECT ANSWERWash
hands before eating
To which part of the respiratory system would the client's radiology
report refer when identifying the angle of Louis? CORRECT
ANSWERCarina
,Which explanation will the nurse give when a client asks about what
causes varicose veins? CORRECT ANSWER"Incompetent valves of
superficial veins."
The parents of a child with recently diagnosed leukemia ask the nurse
why their child has too many white blood cells. Which response by the
nurse is best? CORRECT ANSWER"The bone marrow is not controlling
your child's white blood cell production as it should."
Which complication may develop in the child with hypospadias with
chordee? CORRECT ANSWERSexual difficulties
Which statements regarding acne are correct? Select all that apply
CORRECT ANSWERAcne may be caused by stress
Family hx could be a reason for it
Propionibacterium acnes causes acne
Acne is commonly found on the face, chest, lower back, and neck
Which conditions may result from immunoglobin IgE antibodies on
mast cells reacting with antigens? CORRECT ANSWERAsthma
Hay fever
A client sustained minor skin injuries after an accident. Which event
occurs close to the time of injury? CORRECT ANSWERMigration of
leukocytes to the site of injury
,Which virus is responsible for causing infectious mononucleosis in
clients? CORRECT ANSWEREpstein-Barr
Which condition is due to decreased elasticity of the outer lens?
CORRECT ANSWERPresbyopia
Which explanation would the nurse provide to the parents of a child with
spasmodic croup who ask why their child is receiving humidified
oxygen? CORRECT ANSWERIt helps prevent drying of membranes
Which type of brain tumor can originate from cells that form the myelin
sheath around nerves? CORRECT ANSWERAcoustic neuroma
While conducting an eye examination, the ophthalmologist shines a light
into the client's pupil and observes there is a slow recovery of the pupil
size. Which muscular atrophy is responsible for this condition?
CORRECT ANSWERThe iris dilator muscle
Which factor is the cause of frequent upper respiratory tract infections in
toddlers? CORRECT ANSWERImmature immune system
Which strategy would the nurse teach the parents of a child who is being
discharged from the hospital after a diagnosis of acute spasmodic
, laryngitis to help prevent another croup episode? CORRECT
ANSWERUse a cool mist vaporizer
A newborn with Erb palsy has an asymmetric Moro reflex. Which cause
would the nurse suspect? CORRECT ANSWERan injury to the shoulder
during birth
A mother whose son has acute glomerulonephritis (AGN) is fearful that
her other children may contract the disorder. What should the nurse tell
the mother about the origin of acute glomerulonephritis? CORRECT
ANSWER"It is a result of an autoimmune response after a streptococcal
infection."
A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) has recurrent episodes of bronchitis,
and the parents ask why this happens. Which reason would the nurse
include in the reply? CORRECT ANSWERTenacious secretions that
obstruct the respiratory tract provide a favorable medium for growth of
bacteria.
Which comorbidity is associated with Down syndrome? CORRECT
ANSWERCongenital heart disease
In a child with lead poisoning, where is lead stored while remaining
inert? CORRECT ANSWERBones
