ASB 222: Module 2 Exam 2025
Questions and Answers
Paleonthropology - ANSWER✔️✔️-The study of human origins.
Physical Anthropology - ANSWER✔️✔️-Study the skeletal remains of ancient humans.
Evolutionary genetics - ANSWER✔️✔️-studies the origins of and genetic relationships among
organisms and the evolution of genes and genomes
Adaptation - ANSWER✔️✔️-Anatomical or behavioral or cultural adjustment to environmental
conditions
Adaptive system - ANSWER✔️✔️-Complex of related sets of adaptations
Biological adaptations - ANSWER✔️✔️-- Anatomy & physiology
- benefits: can provide a raw material advantage shaped by millions of years of natural selection
- costs: can exert constraints and is slow to change
- Transmission: genetic
Behavioral adaptation - ANSWER✔️✔️-- flight distance (at which distance a predator stimulates a
potential prey item to flee), mate choice, etc.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, - can be constrained by biological adaptations
- generally more flexible than biological adaptations
- costs: innovations easily lost
- transmission: observation, teaching or genetic but with most animals mostly genetic
Cultural adaptation - ANSWER✔️✔️-- built on top of behavioral adaptations
- always learned and passed on inter-generationally
- typically taught through use of symbolic references
- often cumulative in complexity
- Transmission: mostly imitation and teaching through language
Complex Cognition - ANSWER✔️✔️-study of how organisms pay attention to, acquire,
transform, store, and retrieve knowledge
Prosocial behavior - ANSWER✔️✔️-- cooperation with non-kin
- cooperative breeding
- allo parenting: when individuals other than the immediate kin assist with child-rearing
- formal mate exchange: at the heart of human social behavior in the form of reciprocal exogamy
Symbolism - ANSWER✔️✔️-the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities
Shared intentionality - ANSWER✔️✔️-knowledge about motivations concerning behaviors that
are common among people in a group
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
Questions and Answers
Paleonthropology - ANSWER✔️✔️-The study of human origins.
Physical Anthropology - ANSWER✔️✔️-Study the skeletal remains of ancient humans.
Evolutionary genetics - ANSWER✔️✔️-studies the origins of and genetic relationships among
organisms and the evolution of genes and genomes
Adaptation - ANSWER✔️✔️-Anatomical or behavioral or cultural adjustment to environmental
conditions
Adaptive system - ANSWER✔️✔️-Complex of related sets of adaptations
Biological adaptations - ANSWER✔️✔️-- Anatomy & physiology
- benefits: can provide a raw material advantage shaped by millions of years of natural selection
- costs: can exert constraints and is slow to change
- Transmission: genetic
Behavioral adaptation - ANSWER✔️✔️-- flight distance (at which distance a predator stimulates a
potential prey item to flee), mate choice, etc.
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, - can be constrained by biological adaptations
- generally more flexible than biological adaptations
- costs: innovations easily lost
- transmission: observation, teaching or genetic but with most animals mostly genetic
Cultural adaptation - ANSWER✔️✔️-- built on top of behavioral adaptations
- always learned and passed on inter-generationally
- typically taught through use of symbolic references
- often cumulative in complexity
- Transmission: mostly imitation and teaching through language
Complex Cognition - ANSWER✔️✔️-study of how organisms pay attention to, acquire,
transform, store, and retrieve knowledge
Prosocial behavior - ANSWER✔️✔️-- cooperation with non-kin
- cooperative breeding
- allo parenting: when individuals other than the immediate kin assist with child-rearing
- formal mate exchange: at the heart of human social behavior in the form of reciprocal exogamy
Symbolism - ANSWER✔️✔️-the use of symbols to represent ideas or qualities
Shared intentionality - ANSWER✔️✔️-knowledge about motivations concerning behaviors that
are common among people in a group
FOR STUDY PURPOSES ONLY COPYRIGHT © 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
