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Chapter 01: Radiation History
TEST BANK : TITLE OF TEXTBOOK: DENTAL
RADIOGRAPHY, PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES,
JOEN IANNUCCI & LAURA JANSEN HOWERTON, 6TH MULTIPLE CHOICE
EDITION 1. Radiation is defined as
a. a form of energy carried by waves or streams of particles.
b. a beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on
a receptor.
c. a high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal
target in an x-ray tube.
d. a branch of medicine that deals with the use of x-rays.
ANS: A
Radiation is a form of energy carried by waves or streams of particles. An x-ray is a beam of
energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on a receptor. X-
radiation is a high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a
metal target in an x-ray tube. Radiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the use of x-
rays.
DIF: Recall REF: Page 2 OBJ: 1
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology
2. A radiograph is defined as
a. a beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on
a receptor.
b. a picture on film produced by the passage of x-rays through an object or body.
c. the art and science of making radiographs by the exposure of an image receptor to x-rays.
d. a form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles.
ANS: B
An x-ray is a beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image
shadows on a receptor. A radiograph is a picture on film produced by the passage of x-rays
through an object or body. Radiography is the art and science of making dental images by the
exposure of a receptor to x-rays. Radiation is a form of energy carried by waves or streams
of particles.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 2 OBJ: 1
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
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Otto Walkoff was a German dentist who made the first dental radiograph. Wilhelm Roentgen
was a Bavarian physicist who discovered the x-ray. Edmund Kells exposed the first dental
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics radiograph in the United States using a live person. Price introduced the bisecting technique
and radiobiology in 1904.
3. Your patient asked you why dental images are important. Which of the following is the DIF: Recall REF: Page 4 OBJ: 5
correct response? TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
a. An oral examination with dental images limits the practitioner to what is seen clinically. MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
b. All dental diseases and conditions produce clinical signs and symptoms.
c. Dental images are not a necessary component of comprehensive patient care. 6. Current fast radiographic film requires % less exposure time than the initial exposure
d. Many dental diseases are typically discovered only through the use of dental images. times used in 1920. a. 33
b. 98
ANS: D c. 73
An oral examination without dental images limits the practitioner to what is seen clinically. d. 2
Many dental diseases and conditions produce no clinical signs and symptoms. Dental images
are a necessary component of comprehensive patient care. Many dental diseases are typically ANS: D
discovered only through the use of dental images. Current fast radiographic film requires 98% less exposure time than the initial exposure times
used in 1920.
DIF: Application REF: Page 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 5 OBJ: 6
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
4. The x-ray was discovered by
a. Heinrich Geissler 7. Who modified the paralleling technique with the introduction of the long-cone technique? a.
b. Wilhelm Roentgen C. Edmund Kells
c. Johann Hittorf b. Franklin W. McCormack
d. William Crookes c. F. Gordon Fitzgerald
d. Howard Riley Raper
ANS: B
Heinrich Geissler built the first vacuum tube in 1838. Wilhelm Roentgen discovered the x- ANS: C
ray on November 8, 1895. Johann Hittorf observed in 1870 that discharges emitted from the C. Edmund Kells introduced the paralleling technique in 1896. Franklin W. McCormack
negative electrode of a vacuum tube traveled in straight lines, produced heat, and resulted in a reintroduced the paralleling technique in 1920. F. Gordon Fitzgerald modified the paralleling
greenish fluorescence. William Crookes discovered in the late 1870s that cathode rays were technique with the introduction of the long-cone technique. This is the technique currently
streams of charged particles. used. Howard Riley Raper modified the bisecting technique and introduced the bite-wing
technique in 1925.
DIF: Recall REF: Page 2 OBJ: 4
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation DIF: Recall REF: Page 4 OBJ: 7
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
5. Who exposed the first dental radiograph in the United States using a live person? a. Otto
Walkoff 8. Which of the following is an advantage of digital imaging?
b. Wilhelm Roentgen a.Increased patient radiation exposure
c. Edmund Kells b.Increased patient comfort
d. Weston Price c.Increased speed for viewing images
d.Increased chemical usage
ANS: C
ANS: C
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Chapter 02: Radiation Physics
Patient exposure is reduced with digital imaging. Digital sensors are more sensitive to x-rays
than film. Digital sensors are rigid and bulky, causing decreased patient comfort. The image
from digital sensors is uploaded directly to the computer and monitor without the need for
chemical processing. This allows for immediate interpretation and evaluation. The image from MULTIPLE CHOICE
digital sensors is uploaded directly to the computer and monitor without the need for chemical
processing. 1. The fundamental unit of matter is the
a. proton.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 6 OBJ: 7 b. neutron.
TOP: CDA, RHS, I.B.2. Demonstrate basic knowledge of digital radiography
c. electron.
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
d. atom.
9. Which discovery was the precursor to the discovery of x-rays? a. Beta particles ANS: D
b. Alpha particles A proton is a subatomic particle; the fundamental unit of matter is the atom. A neutron is a
c. Cathode rays subatomic particle; the fundamental unit of matter is the atom. An electron is a subatomic
d. Radioactive materials particle; the fundamental unit of matter is the atom. The fundamental unit of matter is the
atom.
ANS: C
Beta particles are fast moving electrons emitted from the nucleus of radioactive atoms and are DIF: Recall REF: Page 8 OBJ: 1
not associated with x-rays. Alpha particles are emitted from the nuclei of heavy metals and are TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
not associated with x-rays. Wilhelm Roentgen was experimenting with cathode rays when he MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology
discovered x-rays. Radioactive materials are certain unstable atoms or elements that are in the
process of spontaneous disintegration or decay.
2. The nucleus of an atom contains
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 3 OBJ: 4 a. protons.
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation b. neutrons.
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General c. protons and neutrons.
d. electrons.
10. Which of the following would you place in the patient’s mouth in order to take dental x-
ANS: C
rays?
a. Image The nucleus of an atom contains neutrons as well as protons. The nucleus of an atom
contains protons as well as neutrons. The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons.
b. Image receptor
The nucleus of an atom does not contain electrons; it contains protons and neutrons.
c. Radiograph
d. Dental radiograph
DIF: Recall REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
ANS: B MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
An image is a picture or likeness of an object. An image receptor is the recording medium and radiobiology
(film, phosphor plate, or digital sensor) that is placed in the patient’s mouth to record the
image produced by the x-rays. A radiograph is an image of two-dimensional representation 3. Which subatomic particle carries a negative electrical charge?
of a three- dimensional object. A dental radiograph is the dental image produced on a a. A neutron
recording medium.
b. A proton
DIF: Application REF: Page 2 OBJ: 1 c. An electron
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation d. A nucleon
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General ANS: C
A neutron does not carry an electrical charge. A proton carries a positive electrical charge.
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a. determined by the distance between the
neutrons and protons within the nucleus.
An electron carries a negative electrical charge. A nucleon carries a positive (proton) or b. determined by the distance between the
no (neutron) electrical charge. orbiting electrons and the nucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
c. weaker for electrons located in inner
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology shells than in outer shells.
d. determined by the atomic number.
4. Which of the following elements is the simplest atom? ANS: B
a. Hydrogen (H #1) The binding energy or binding force of an electron is determined by the distance between
b. Helium (He #2) the nucleus and the orbiting electron. The binding energy or binding force of an electron is
c. Nitrogen (N #7) determined by the distance between the orbiting electron and the nucleus, not the distance
d. Oxygen (O #8) between the orbiting electrons. The binding energy or binding force of an electron is
stronger for electrons located in inner shells than for outer shells.
ANS: A
Atomic numbers are assigned from simplest to most complex. Hydrogen is the simplest DIF: Recall REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2 TOP: CDA, N/A
atom; with a single proton, it has an atomic number of 1. Helium has an atomic number of MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
2. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. and radiobiology
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2 7. Which of the following statements is true of ionization?
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation a. An atom that gains an electron will have a
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
negative charge.
and radiobiology
b. An atom that loses an electron will have a
5. Which of the following statements is true of orbits or shells in the atom? negative charge.
a. Protons travel around the nucleus in well- c. An atom that loses an electron will have a
defined shells. positive charge.
b. An atom contains innumerable shells. d. An atom that gains an electron has a
c.
negative charge, and an atom that loses an
The energy level within each shell is the
electron has a positive charge.
same.
ANS: D
d. The orbiting shell closest to the nucleus
has the highest energy level. This answer is not the best answer. An atom that gains an electron has a negative charge;
however, an atom that loses an electron has a positive charge. An atom that loses an electron
ANS: D
will have a positive charge. An atom that loses an electron has a positive charge; however,
Electrons travel around the nucleus in well-defined shells. An atom contains a maximum of an atom that gains an electron has a negative charge. An atom that gains an electron will
seven shells. Each of the maximum seven shells within an atom represents a different energy have a negative charge, and an atom that loses an electron will have a positive charge.
level. The orbiting shell closest to the nucleus has the highest energy level. The K shell is
the orbiting shell closest to the nucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 10 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA, N/A
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
and radiobiology
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology
An ion pair results when
8.
6. The binding energy or binding force of an electron is a. a proton is removed from an atom.
b. an electron is removed from an atom.
Chapter 01: Radiation History
TEST BANK : TITLE OF TEXTBOOK: DENTAL
RADIOGRAPHY, PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES,
JOEN IANNUCCI & LAURA JANSEN HOWERTON, 6TH MULTIPLE CHOICE
EDITION 1. Radiation is defined as
a. a form of energy carried by waves or streams of particles.
b. a beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on
a receptor.
c. a high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a metal
target in an x-ray tube.
d. a branch of medicine that deals with the use of x-rays.
ANS: A
Radiation is a form of energy carried by waves or streams of particles. An x-ray is a beam of
energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on a receptor. X-
radiation is a high-energy radiation produced by the collision of a beam of electrons with a
metal target in an x-ray tube. Radiology is a branch of medicine that deals with the use of x-
rays.
DIF: Recall REF: Page 2 OBJ: 1
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology
2. A radiograph is defined as
a. a beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image shadows on
a receptor.
b. a picture on film produced by the passage of x-rays through an object or body.
c. the art and science of making radiographs by the exposure of an image receptor to x-rays.
d. a form of energy carried by waves or a stream of particles.
ANS: B
An x-ray is a beam of energy that has the power to penetrate substances and record image
shadows on a receptor. A radiograph is a picture on film produced by the passage of x-rays
through an object or body. Radiography is the art and science of making dental images by the
exposure of a receptor to x-rays. Radiation is a form of energy carried by waves or streams
of particles.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 2 OBJ: 1
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
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Otto Walkoff was a German dentist who made the first dental radiograph. Wilhelm Roentgen
was a Bavarian physicist who discovered the x-ray. Edmund Kells exposed the first dental
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics radiograph in the United States using a live person. Price introduced the bisecting technique
and radiobiology in 1904.
3. Your patient asked you why dental images are important. Which of the following is the DIF: Recall REF: Page 4 OBJ: 5
correct response? TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
a. An oral examination with dental images limits the practitioner to what is seen clinically. MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
b. All dental diseases and conditions produce clinical signs and symptoms.
c. Dental images are not a necessary component of comprehensive patient care. 6. Current fast radiographic film requires % less exposure time than the initial exposure
d. Many dental diseases are typically discovered only through the use of dental images. times used in 1920. a. 33
b. 98
ANS: D c. 73
An oral examination without dental images limits the practitioner to what is seen clinically. d. 2
Many dental diseases and conditions produce no clinical signs and symptoms. Dental images
are a necessary component of comprehensive patient care. Many dental diseases are typically ANS: D
discovered only through the use of dental images. Current fast radiographic film requires 98% less exposure time than the initial exposure times
used in 1920.
DIF: Application REF: Page 2 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 5 OBJ: 6
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
4. The x-ray was discovered by
a. Heinrich Geissler 7. Who modified the paralleling technique with the introduction of the long-cone technique? a.
b. Wilhelm Roentgen C. Edmund Kells
c. Johann Hittorf b. Franklin W. McCormack
d. William Crookes c. F. Gordon Fitzgerald
d. Howard Riley Raper
ANS: B
Heinrich Geissler built the first vacuum tube in 1838. Wilhelm Roentgen discovered the x- ANS: C
ray on November 8, 1895. Johann Hittorf observed in 1870 that discharges emitted from the C. Edmund Kells introduced the paralleling technique in 1896. Franklin W. McCormack
negative electrode of a vacuum tube traveled in straight lines, produced heat, and resulted in a reintroduced the paralleling technique in 1920. F. Gordon Fitzgerald modified the paralleling
greenish fluorescence. William Crookes discovered in the late 1870s that cathode rays were technique with the introduction of the long-cone technique. This is the technique currently
streams of charged particles. used. Howard Riley Raper modified the bisecting technique and introduced the bite-wing
technique in 1925.
DIF: Recall REF: Page 2 OBJ: 4
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation DIF: Recall REF: Page 4 OBJ: 7
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
5. Who exposed the first dental radiograph in the United States using a live person? a. Otto
Walkoff 8. Which of the following is an advantage of digital imaging?
b. Wilhelm Roentgen a.Increased patient radiation exposure
c. Edmund Kells b.Increased patient comfort
d. Weston Price c.Increased speed for viewing images
d.Increased chemical usage
ANS: C
ANS: C
,https://www.stuvia.com/ https://www.stuvia.com/
Chapter 02: Radiation Physics
Patient exposure is reduced with digital imaging. Digital sensors are more sensitive to x-rays
than film. Digital sensors are rigid and bulky, causing decreased patient comfort. The image
from digital sensors is uploaded directly to the computer and monitor without the need for
chemical processing. This allows for immediate interpretation and evaluation. The image from MULTIPLE CHOICE
digital sensors is uploaded directly to the computer and monitor without the need for chemical
processing. 1. The fundamental unit of matter is the
a. proton.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 6 OBJ: 7 b. neutron.
TOP: CDA, RHS, I.B.2. Demonstrate basic knowledge of digital radiography
c. electron.
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General
d. atom.
9. Which discovery was the precursor to the discovery of x-rays? a. Beta particles ANS: D
b. Alpha particles A proton is a subatomic particle; the fundamental unit of matter is the atom. A neutron is a
c. Cathode rays subatomic particle; the fundamental unit of matter is the atom. An electron is a subatomic
d. Radioactive materials particle; the fundamental unit of matter is the atom. The fundamental unit of matter is the
atom.
ANS: C
Beta particles are fast moving electrons emitted from the nucleus of radioactive atoms and are DIF: Recall REF: Page 8 OBJ: 1
not associated with x-rays. Alpha particles are emitted from the nuclei of heavy metals and are TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
not associated with x-rays. Wilhelm Roentgen was experimenting with cathode rays when he MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology
discovered x-rays. Radioactive materials are certain unstable atoms or elements that are in the
process of spontaneous disintegration or decay.
2. The nucleus of an atom contains
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 3 OBJ: 4 a. protons.
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation b. neutrons.
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General c. protons and neutrons.
d. electrons.
10. Which of the following would you place in the patient’s mouth in order to take dental x-
ANS: C
rays?
a. Image The nucleus of an atom contains neutrons as well as protons. The nucleus of an atom
contains protons as well as neutrons. The nucleus of an atom contains protons and neutrons.
b. Image receptor
The nucleus of an atom does not contain electrons; it contains protons and neutrons.
c. Radiograph
d. Dental radiograph
DIF: Recall REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
ANS: B MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
An image is a picture or likeness of an object. An image receptor is the recording medium and radiobiology
(film, phosphor plate, or digital sensor) that is placed in the patient’s mouth to record the
image produced by the x-rays. A radiograph is an image of two-dimensional representation 3. Which subatomic particle carries a negative electrical charge?
of a three- dimensional object. A dental radiograph is the dental image produced on a a. A neutron
recording medium.
b. A proton
DIF: Application REF: Page 2 OBJ: 1 c. An electron
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation d. A nucleon
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.5 General ANS: C
A neutron does not carry an electrical charge. A proton carries a positive electrical charge.
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a. determined by the distance between the
neutrons and protons within the nucleus.
An electron carries a negative electrical charge. A nucleon carries a positive (proton) or b. determined by the distance between the
no (neutron) electrical charge. orbiting electrons and the nucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
c. weaker for electrons located in inner
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology shells than in outer shells.
d. determined by the atomic number.
4. Which of the following elements is the simplest atom? ANS: B
a. Hydrogen (H #1) The binding energy or binding force of an electron is determined by the distance between
b. Helium (He #2) the nucleus and the orbiting electron. The binding energy or binding force of an electron is
c. Nitrogen (N #7) determined by the distance between the orbiting electron and the nucleus, not the distance
d. Oxygen (O #8) between the orbiting electrons. The binding energy or binding force of an electron is
stronger for electrons located in inner shells than for outer shells.
ANS: A
Atomic numbers are assigned from simplest to most complex. Hydrogen is the simplest DIF: Recall REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2 TOP: CDA, N/A
atom; with a single proton, it has an atomic number of 1. Helium has an atomic number of MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
2. Nitrogen has an atomic number of 7. Oxygen has an atomic number of 8. and radiobiology
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2 7. Which of the following statements is true of ionization?
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation a. An atom that gains an electron will have a
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
negative charge.
and radiobiology
b. An atom that loses an electron will have a
5. Which of the following statements is true of orbits or shells in the atom? negative charge.
a. Protons travel around the nucleus in well- c. An atom that loses an electron will have a
defined shells. positive charge.
b. An atom contains innumerable shells. d. An atom that gains an electron has a
c.
negative charge, and an atom that loses an
The energy level within each shell is the
electron has a positive charge.
same.
ANS: D
d. The orbiting shell closest to the nucleus
has the highest energy level. This answer is not the best answer. An atom that gains an electron has a negative charge;
however, an atom that loses an electron has a positive charge. An atom that loses an electron
ANS: D
will have a positive charge. An atom that loses an electron has a positive charge; however,
Electrons travel around the nucleus in well-defined shells. An atom contains a maximum of an atom that gains an electron has a negative charge. An atom that gains an electron will
seven shells. Each of the maximum seven shells within an atom represents a different energy have a negative charge, and an atom that loses an electron will have a positive charge.
level. The orbiting shell closest to the nucleus has the highest energy level. The K shell is
the orbiting shell closest to the nucleus.
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 10 OBJ: 3
TOP: CDA, N/A
DIF: Comprehension REF: Page 8 OBJ: 2
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
TOP: CDA, RHS, III.B.2. Describe the characteristics of x-radiation
and radiobiology
MSC: NBDHE, 2.0 Obtaining and Interpreting Radiographs | NBDHE, 2.1 Principles of radiophysics
and radiobiology
An ion pair results when
8.
6. The binding energy or binding force of an electron is a. a proton is removed from an atom.
b. an electron is removed from an atom.
