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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM|| 2025
LATELY UPDATED QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS|| NEWEST VERSION WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
What is allergic asthma associated with? - ANSWER: Type 1 Hypersensitivity;
IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? - ANSWER: SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing,
Atelectasis (aveoli close), Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis,
Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? - ANSWER: Pressure that builds up
and pushes the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over
affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? - ANSWER: Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and
pancreas; Genetic Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: - ANSWER: Wheezing, SOB,
Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea, Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? - ANSWER: 1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or
alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45
(acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26
(alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
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5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - ANSWER: Elevation
(increase) of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - ANSWER: Depression
(decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - ANSWER: Depression
(decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - ANSWER: Elevation
(increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
What are signs of renal cancer? - ANSWER: No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the
Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal disease? - ANSWER: Dialysis, Fluid
Restriction, Low Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive,
Give Ca Supplements, Give Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood
Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? - ANSWER: Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine renal function? - ANSWER: Creatinine
What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis? - ANSWER: E. coli
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FINAL EXAM|| 2025
LATELY UPDATED QUESTIONS AND 100%
CORRECT ANSWERS|| NEWEST VERSION WITH
VERIFIED SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
What is allergic asthma associated with? - ANSWER: Type 1 Hypersensitivity;
IgE mediated
What are the S&S of ARDS? - ANSWER: SOB, Shallow Rapid Breathing,
Atelectasis (aveoli close), Dyspnea, Inspiratory Crackles, Respiratory Alkalosis,
Decreased Lung Compliance, Hypoxemia
What are the S&S of tension pneumothorax? - ANSWER: Pressure that builds up
and pushes the trachea towards the unaffected side; Absent breath sounds over
affected lung
What is cystic fibrosis? - ANSWER: Excessive mucous coating in the lungs and
pancreas; Genetic Disorder (Autosomal Recessive)
Changes with an asthma attack: - ANSWER: Wheezing, SOB,
Bronchoconstriction, Dyspnea, Tachypnea (rapid breathing)
How do you interpret ABG's? - ANSWER: 1. Look at pH (acidosis - low or
alkalosis - high)
2. Check the CO2 (resp. indicator) - less than 35 (alkalosis) more than 45
(acidosis)
3. Check the HCO3 (metabolic indicator) - less than 22 (acidosis) more than 26
(alkalosis)
4. Determine primary disorder (matches the pH)
, 2|Page
5. Determine if its compensated (pH returns to normal or near normal)
Respiratory Acidosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - ANSWER: Elevation
(increase) of pCO2 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Respiratory Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/CO2? - ANSWER: Depression
(decrease) of pCO2 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
Metabolic Acidosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - ANSWER: Depression
(decrease) of HCO3 -- Decreased pH (acidosis)
Metabolic Alkalosis: What happens to the pH/HCO3? - ANSWER: Elevation
(increase) of HCO3 -- Increased pH (alkalosis)
What are signs of renal cancer? - ANSWER: No pain! Hematuria (Blood in the
Urine)
How do you manage end stage renal disease? - ANSWER: Dialysis, Fluid
Restriction, Low Protein Diet, Decrease Medication Doses, Anti-hypertensive,
Give Ca Supplements, Give Erythropoietin Shot, Give Iron Supplements/Blood
Transfusion (anemic)
What do you call kidney pain? - ANSWER: Nephralgia
What is the most helpful test to determine renal function? - ANSWER: Creatinine
What bacteria is associated with acute pyelonephritis? - ANSWER: E. coli
