Test Bank for Human Learning, 8th Edition by Jeanne Ormrod, Jeanne Ellis Ormrod|9780134893662| All Chapters 1-15| LATEST

TEST BANK for Human Learning
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8th Edition Ormrod, CHAPTER 1 - 15
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, CHAPTER 1 r



PERSPECTIVES ON LEARNING r r




Multiple Choice Questions
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Human beings undoubtedly learn more during the course of a lifetime
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r thanany other species on earth. The major result of this capacity to learn is that:
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New instincts begin to emerge. r r r r



Human thought becomes less logical with each r r r r r r



generation.Humans can benefit from their experiences.
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Humans are the only species whose behavior cannot be analyzed r r r r r r r r r


interms of stimuli and responses.
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Three of the following are examples of learning. Which one is not?
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Abigail cries when she steps on a sharp pebble. r r r r r r r r



After many hours of heated debate, Brian begins to
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advocatepolitical practices he has previously opposed.
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Cara suddenly recognizes how the division fact ―24 ’ 4 = 6‖ is related
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to the multiplication fact ―6 x 4 = 24.‖
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David has been running away from German shepherds ever since
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hewas bitten by a German shepherd two years ago.
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Reynelda has trouble tracing a complex shape with a pencil when she is in
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r kindergarten, but she can do it quite well by the time she is in second grade.
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r Isthis an instance of learning?
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Yes, because her behavior has changed.
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No, because the circumstances are too dissimilar.
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Maybe, although the change may simply be due r r r r r r r


tophysiological maturation.
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Maybe, but only if she is being reinforced for tracing accurately.
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2

, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning r r r r r




Three of the following illustrate various ways that learning might be reflected
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in a person‘s behavior. Which one of the following changes does not necessarily
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reflect learning?
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Although it‘s a school night, Dean plays video games until well past r r r r r r r r r r r


hisusual bedtime. As he becomes more tired, he finds it increasingly
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difficult to concentrate on what he‘s doing.
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Even as a young child, Jerry could tell you that his grandparents
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immigrated to the United States from Ireland. But after a
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conversation with his grandmother, he can now describe the
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circumstances of the family‘s immigration in considerable detail.
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Day after day, Martin practices his basketball skills (shooting,dribbling,
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etc.) on a basketball court at a local park. With each practice session, his
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movements become faster and smoother.
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Lewis occasionally asks for help when he has difficulty with his
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classwork, but most of the time he just struggles quietly on his own.
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After his teacher assures him that asking for help is not a sign of
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weakness or inability, he begins asking for help much more frequently.
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r research examines learning in tightly controlled settings and r r r r r r r


r research examines learning in real-world settings. r r r r r



Applied; Basic r



Basic; Qualitative
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Qualitative;
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AppliedBasic;
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Applied
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A principle of learning can best be characterized as:
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A description of the results of a particular research study
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A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
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The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
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aparticular situation
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An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
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A theory of learning can best be characterized as:
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A description of the results of a particular research study
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A statement that describes how a particular factor affects learning
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The measurement of how much learning has occurred in
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aparticular situation
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An explanation of the underlying processes through which learning occurs
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3

, Chapter 1 – Perspectives on Learning
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Three of the following are principles of learning. Which one is a theory
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of learning rather than a principle?
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A behavior that is followed by punishment decreases in frequency.
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People learn by making mental associations between new r r r r r r r


informationand their existing knowledge.
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A response that is rewarded every time it occurs increases
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morerapidly than a response that is only occasionally rewarded.
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Students tend to remember more of a lecture if they take notes onthe r r r r r r r r r r r r r


lecture‘s content.
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Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the
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r conceptof introspection?
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―Where there‘s a will, there‘s a way.‖ r r r r r r



―Nothing ventured, nothing gained.‖ r r r



―A penny for your thoughts.‖ r r r r



―Old habits die hard.‖ r r r




Which one of the following common sayings best reflects the
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r basicpremise underlying social learning theory?
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―Monkey see, monkey do.‖ r r r



―Spare the rod and spoil the child.‖ r r r r r r



―A friend in need is a friend indeed.‖
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―A rolling stone gathers no moss.‖r r r r r




Which one of the following statements provides the most credible
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r explanation for the fact that human beings seem to surpass all other
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r animalspecies in their thinking and learning capacities?
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Only human beings have the capability to make tools.
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Humans communicate regularly with one another and, in doing r r r r r r r r


so,pass along what they‘ve learned to future generations.
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Human beings have a huge repertoire of instinctual behaviors r r r r r r r r


fromwhich they can draw when they encounter new experiences.
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Human brains are smaller than those of other intelligent species (e.g.,
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elephants, dolphins) and therefore can transmit messages more
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quicklyand efficiently.
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