Cell Reproduction

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‭Cell‬‭Reproduction‬
‭●‬ ‭Chromosomes‬‭are‬‭condensed,‬‭tightly‬‭packed‬‭complexes‬‭of‬‭DNA,‬‭which‬‭store‬‭genetic‬
‭information‬‭in‬‭genes‬
‭○‬ ‭Mitosis‬‭is‬‭not‬‭cell‬‭division,‬‭it‬‭is‬‭like‬‭the‬‭engine‬‭of‬‭a‬‭car‬
‭○‬ ‭Chromosomes‬‭only‬‭take‬‭an‬‭x‬‭shape‬‭when‬‭it‬‭is‬‭about‬‭to‬‭divide‬
‭●‬ ‭Structure‬‭of‬‭a‬‭chromosome‬
‭○‬ ‭The‬‭centromere‬‭is‬‭the‬‭common‬‭region‬‭of‬‭DNA,‬‭which‬‭connects‬‭the‬‭two‬‭sister‬
‭chromatids‬
‭○‬ ‭Chromatid‬‭is‬‭one‬‭side‬‭of‬‭a‬‭duplicated‬‭chromosome,‬‭genetically‬‭identical‬‭to‬‭the‬
‭other‬‭half‬
‭■‬ ‭Has‬‭to‬‭be‬‭connected‬‭to‬‭the‬‭duplicated‬‭chromosome‬
‭○‬ ‭Chromatin‬‭are‬‭uncoiled‬‭chromosomes‬
‭■‬ ‭The‬‭functioning‬‭state‬‭of‬‭a‬‭chromosome‬
‭○‬ ‭Histones‬‭are‬‭proteins‬‭that‬‭DNA‬‭wraps‬‭around,‬‭they‬‭maintain‬‭shape‬‭and‬‭aid‬‭in‬
‭packaging‬

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‭●‬ ‭Human‬‭karyotype‬‭-‬‭lab‬‭image‬‭of‬‭someone’s‬‭chromosomes‬‭(1-22,‬‭X‬‭and‬‭Y)‬
‭○‬ ‭In‬‭size‬‭order‬
‭○‬ ‭Can‬‭be‬‭duplicated‬‭chromosomes‬‭or‬‭unduplicated‬‭chromosomes‬




‭●‬ ‭Homologues‬
‭○‬ ‭Pairs‬‭of‬‭similar‬‭chromosomes,‬‭one‬‭from‬‭mom‬‭and‬‭one‬‭from‬‭dad‬