Sfsu bio 240 Exam 3 ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
altruism - CORRECT ANSWER any behavior that increases the fitness of another
individual at the cost of one's own fitness
amnion - CORRECT ANSWER membrane that closely covers the embryo. amniotic
egg protects and nourished the embryo.
amniota - CORRECT ANSWER tetrapods with terrestrial adaptations. reptiles, birds,
and mammals. relatively impermeable skin and ability to use rib cage to ventilate lungs.
amphibia - CORRECT ANSWER "two-lives." warm/moist climate. metamorphosis —
aquatic larva -> terrestrial adult. main clades: urodela (salamanders w tails), anura
(frogs/toads no tails), apoda (caecilians legless fossorial animals). skin as respiratory organ.
toxins in skin. use throat to ventilate lungs.
archenteron - CORRECT ANSWER primary gut that forms during the gastrulation of a
zygote, develops into the endoderm and mesoderm of an animal.
archosauria - CORRECT ANSWER dinosaurs, crocodiles, birds. monophyletic group
with similar bone morphology. crocodilians - basal archosaurs. dinosaurs- evidence of
prenatal care/endothermy evolved in dinosaurs (one of these lineages became birds)
aves - CORRECT ANSWER birds- extant dinosaurs. birds/reptiles shared characters =
jaw bone structure (5 fused bones), scales, egg structure (same membranes and structures
including egg tooth). toothless, hollow-boned, bipedal, streamlined, feathered, endothermic,
vertebrate w/ fast metabolism.
bilateria - CORRECT ANSWER triploblasts. animals with bilateral symmetry. head/tail
(cephalization). separate mouth/anus. true coelom.
, bivalves - CORRECT ANSWER clams, oysters, mussels, scallops. shell with 2 halves.
mantle cavity contains gills used for feeding and gas exchange. no radula. most are
suspension feeders, some have tentacles and eyes.
blastopore - CORRECT ANSWER the opening of the central cavity of an embryo in
the early stage of development.
blastula - CORRECT ANSWER hollow ball of cells during the early stage of mitotic
undifferentiated cell division.
cephalopod - CORRECT ANSWER cephalo = head. chitin-based beak-like jaws
surrounded by tentacles derived form modified foot. only mollusks with closed circulatory
system. siphon. complex eyes. chromatophores.
choanoflagellates - CORRECT ANSWER unicellular. colonial. closest living relatives
to animals. resemble choanocytes
choanocyte - CORRECT ANSWER specialized cells found in sponges
coelom - CORRECT ANSWER main body cavity in most animals and is positioned
and contain the digestive tract and other organs.
convergent evolution - CORRECT ANSWER derived traits that are the same in two
species because of similar environments.
craniates - CORRECT ANSWER chordates w/ head. active predation, skull (hard
bone/cartilage), brain, eyes.
deuterostome - CORRECT ANSWER radial/indeterminate. enterocoelous (coelom
formed from pouches pinched off from digestive tract, to form body cavity) anus forms from
blastopore. cell fate indeterminate until much later in development.
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS
altruism - CORRECT ANSWER any behavior that increases the fitness of another
individual at the cost of one's own fitness
amnion - CORRECT ANSWER membrane that closely covers the embryo. amniotic
egg protects and nourished the embryo.
amniota - CORRECT ANSWER tetrapods with terrestrial adaptations. reptiles, birds,
and mammals. relatively impermeable skin and ability to use rib cage to ventilate lungs.
amphibia - CORRECT ANSWER "two-lives." warm/moist climate. metamorphosis —
aquatic larva -> terrestrial adult. main clades: urodela (salamanders w tails), anura
(frogs/toads no tails), apoda (caecilians legless fossorial animals). skin as respiratory organ.
toxins in skin. use throat to ventilate lungs.
archenteron - CORRECT ANSWER primary gut that forms during the gastrulation of a
zygote, develops into the endoderm and mesoderm of an animal.
archosauria - CORRECT ANSWER dinosaurs, crocodiles, birds. monophyletic group
with similar bone morphology. crocodilians - basal archosaurs. dinosaurs- evidence of
prenatal care/endothermy evolved in dinosaurs (one of these lineages became birds)
aves - CORRECT ANSWER birds- extant dinosaurs. birds/reptiles shared characters =
jaw bone structure (5 fused bones), scales, egg structure (same membranes and structures
including egg tooth). toothless, hollow-boned, bipedal, streamlined, feathered, endothermic,
vertebrate w/ fast metabolism.
bilateria - CORRECT ANSWER triploblasts. animals with bilateral symmetry. head/tail
(cephalization). separate mouth/anus. true coelom.
, bivalves - CORRECT ANSWER clams, oysters, mussels, scallops. shell with 2 halves.
mantle cavity contains gills used for feeding and gas exchange. no radula. most are
suspension feeders, some have tentacles and eyes.
blastopore - CORRECT ANSWER the opening of the central cavity of an embryo in
the early stage of development.
blastula - CORRECT ANSWER hollow ball of cells during the early stage of mitotic
undifferentiated cell division.
cephalopod - CORRECT ANSWER cephalo = head. chitin-based beak-like jaws
surrounded by tentacles derived form modified foot. only mollusks with closed circulatory
system. siphon. complex eyes. chromatophores.
choanoflagellates - CORRECT ANSWER unicellular. colonial. closest living relatives
to animals. resemble choanocytes
choanocyte - CORRECT ANSWER specialized cells found in sponges
coelom - CORRECT ANSWER main body cavity in most animals and is positioned
and contain the digestive tract and other organs.
convergent evolution - CORRECT ANSWER derived traits that are the same in two
species because of similar environments.
craniates - CORRECT ANSWER chordates w/ head. active predation, skull (hard
bone/cartilage), brain, eyes.
deuterostome - CORRECT ANSWER radial/indeterminate. enterocoelous (coelom
formed from pouches pinched off from digestive tract, to form body cavity) anus forms from
blastopore. cell fate indeterminate until much later in development.
