NR 215 Final Exam Questions with correct
Answers 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified
Hypsometer
Instruments used to measure the heights of trees: Relascope, Clinometer, Abney Level, Merritt
hypsometer
Dendrometer
Instruments that measure the diameter of trees (must be measured at breast height 4.5 ft:
Relascope, Calipers, Diameter tape, Baltimore stick
Precise
measurements close together
Accurate
measurements average to true (usually unknown) answer
Bias
systematic error. Can sometimes be corrected later. For example,if a tape is torn and spliced
together so that it always measures 0.26' too little.
Error
Within tolerance of work and does not need to be repeated, two types, Random error mainly
affects precision, which is how reproducible the same measurement is under equivalent
circumstances. In contrast, systematic error affects the accuracy of a measurement, or how
close the observed value is to the true value.
Blunder
outside tolerance of work and measurements must be repeated
, Initial point
The starting point for a survey; the intersection point of the Principal meridian and the Baseline
in a given region.
Meridians
A true meridian running through an initial point, which together with the baseline form the
highest level framework for all rectangular surveys in a given area.
Meridians in CA
Humboldt, Mount Diablo, San Bernardino
Baselines
A parallel of latitude, referenced to and established from a designated initial point, upon which
all rectangular surveys in a defined area are based.
Townships
A square parcel of land of 36 square miles, or a measure of the distance north or south from a
referenced baseline, in units of six miles. 23,040 acres in a township.
Numbering of sections
An approximately one-square-mile block of land. There are 36 sections in a survey township.
640 acres in section.
Divisions of individual sections
½.1/4. 1/16th etc.
Witness corners
Anything to mark a corner, grave, pile of rocks, trees
Obliterated corners
Corner marker that has been destroyed (wildfire, earthquake, flood etc.)
Lost corners
Answers 2025/2026 A+ Graded 100%
Verified
Hypsometer
Instruments used to measure the heights of trees: Relascope, Clinometer, Abney Level, Merritt
hypsometer
Dendrometer
Instruments that measure the diameter of trees (must be measured at breast height 4.5 ft:
Relascope, Calipers, Diameter tape, Baltimore stick
Precise
measurements close together
Accurate
measurements average to true (usually unknown) answer
Bias
systematic error. Can sometimes be corrected later. For example,if a tape is torn and spliced
together so that it always measures 0.26' too little.
Error
Within tolerance of work and does not need to be repeated, two types, Random error mainly
affects precision, which is how reproducible the same measurement is under equivalent
circumstances. In contrast, systematic error affects the accuracy of a measurement, or how
close the observed value is to the true value.
Blunder
outside tolerance of work and measurements must be repeated
, Initial point
The starting point for a survey; the intersection point of the Principal meridian and the Baseline
in a given region.
Meridians
A true meridian running through an initial point, which together with the baseline form the
highest level framework for all rectangular surveys in a given area.
Meridians in CA
Humboldt, Mount Diablo, San Bernardino
Baselines
A parallel of latitude, referenced to and established from a designated initial point, upon which
all rectangular surveys in a defined area are based.
Townships
A square parcel of land of 36 square miles, or a measure of the distance north or south from a
referenced baseline, in units of six miles. 23,040 acres in a township.
Numbering of sections
An approximately one-square-mile block of land. There are 36 sections in a survey township.
640 acres in section.
Divisions of individual sections
½.1/4. 1/16th etc.
Witness corners
Anything to mark a corner, grave, pile of rocks, trees
Obliterated corners
Corner marker that has been destroyed (wildfire, earthquake, flood etc.)
Lost corners
