Unit 1: Fundamentals of Nursing
Concepts
3 types of knowledge - ANS-1. Traditional
2. Authoritative
3. Scientific
\5 Core Integrating Concepts - ANS--professionalism
-critical thinking
-caring
-collaboration
-therapeutic nursing interventions
\Acute illness - ANS--rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
\Adaptation Theory - ANS--adaptation: adjustment of living matter to other living things and
to environmental conditions
-continual process that effects change and involves interaction and response
-Human adaptation has 3 levels: internal, social, and physical
\Altruism: - ANS--the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the
well-being of others.
\ANA Definition of Nursing - ANS-Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of human
responses to actual or potential health problems
\Authoritative knowledge: - ANS--comes from experts and is accepted as truth based on the
persons' perceived expertice
\Autonomy: - ANS--self-determination; being independent and self governing
\Broader study of people and nursing to enhance: - ANS--education
-policy developments
-ethics
-history
\Caring - ANS--Nursing actions that demonstrate an attitude of positive regard, respect,
empathy and integrity when providing relationship centered care.
\Chronic illness - ANS--permanent change
-slow onset
-requires education and support for rehab
\Cognitive - ANS--intelligence, thinking
\Cognitive Theory of Growth and Development (Piaget) - ANS--4 stages of cognitive
development from birth to adolescent
-Framework for how children learn rules
-Each stage transforms and supersedes the one before
-Stages are universal (affects all cultures, all people)
\Collaboration - ANS--The partnership with the individual, family and health care team that
utilizes health information/informatics to achieve safe, quality outcomes in a changing
healthcare environment.
\Critical thinking - ANS--The student utilizes the nursing process as a clinical decision
making tool to promote health for individuals within a family and community context.
\Cultural Assimilation: - ANS--ones values are replaced by the values of the dominant culture
, \Culture Shock: - ANS--the feelings a person expierences when placed in a different culture
\Culture: - ANS--shared system of beliefs and behavioral expectations
-social structure for daily living
-defines how we treat others/our family systems
\Deductive reasoning - ANS--one examines a general idea then considers specific actions or
ideas
-BIG idea broken down into small ones
\Deontological: - ANS--an action is right or wrong based on a rule, independent of its
concequences
\Development - ANS--orderly pattern of change in structure, thoughts, feelings or behaviors
resulting from maturation, experiences and learning
\Developmental Thoery - ANS--outlines the process of growth and development of humans
as orderly and predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death
-defined stages; the process and behaviors of an individual within each stage are unique
\Disease - ANS-pathologic change in the structure or function of the body or mind
\Dorothea Orem - ANS--self-care is a human need, self-care deficits require nursing action
-nursing is a human service, and nurses design interventions to provide or manage self-care
actions for sustaining health or recovering from illness or injury
\Ethics - ANS--systematic inquiry into principles of right and wrong conduct of virtue and vice
and of good and evil as they relate to conduct
\Ethnicity: - ANS--sense of identification, sharing of unique cultural and social beliefs
\Ethnocentrism: - ANS-belief that one's ideas, beliefs, and practices are best or superior
\Evidence based practice: - ANS--review and critique research reports
-identify level and strength of the evidence
-make specific recommendation for the practice (validate/change)
\Evidence based research - ANS--nursing care provided that is supported by reliable
research based evidence
-its use mandates critical analysis and extensive systematic reviews of research articles and
findings to improve nursing interventions and actions
\Factors affecting health and illness: - ANS--Basic Human needs
-physical
-emotional
-intellectual
-environmental
-sociocultural
-spiritual
\Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing - ANS--needs of patient
-standards of hospital management
-respectful occupation for women
-health and illness
-nursing separate and distinct from medicine
\General Systems Theory - ANS--whole is greater than the sum of its parts
-systems are interrelated and changing one thing in a subsystem can change the entirety of
a system
-boundaries separate systems from each other and their environments
-systems communicate through means of inputs and outputs
-closed and open systems
-to survive open systems maintain balance through feedback
Concepts
3 types of knowledge - ANS-1. Traditional
2. Authoritative
3. Scientific
\5 Core Integrating Concepts - ANS--professionalism
-critical thinking
-caring
-collaboration
-therapeutic nursing interventions
\Acute illness - ANS--rapid onset of symptoms and lasts only a relatively short time
\Adaptation Theory - ANS--adaptation: adjustment of living matter to other living things and
to environmental conditions
-continual process that effects change and involves interaction and response
-Human adaptation has 3 levels: internal, social, and physical
\Altruism: - ANS--the belief in or practice of disinterested and selfless concern for the
well-being of others.
\ANA Definition of Nursing - ANS-Nursing is the diagnosis and treatment of human
responses to actual or potential health problems
\Authoritative knowledge: - ANS--comes from experts and is accepted as truth based on the
persons' perceived expertice
\Autonomy: - ANS--self-determination; being independent and self governing
\Broader study of people and nursing to enhance: - ANS--education
-policy developments
-ethics
-history
\Caring - ANS--Nursing actions that demonstrate an attitude of positive regard, respect,
empathy and integrity when providing relationship centered care.
\Chronic illness - ANS--permanent change
-slow onset
-requires education and support for rehab
\Cognitive - ANS--intelligence, thinking
\Cognitive Theory of Growth and Development (Piaget) - ANS--4 stages of cognitive
development from birth to adolescent
-Framework for how children learn rules
-Each stage transforms and supersedes the one before
-Stages are universal (affects all cultures, all people)
\Collaboration - ANS--The partnership with the individual, family and health care team that
utilizes health information/informatics to achieve safe, quality outcomes in a changing
healthcare environment.
\Critical thinking - ANS--The student utilizes the nursing process as a clinical decision
making tool to promote health for individuals within a family and community context.
\Cultural Assimilation: - ANS--ones values are replaced by the values of the dominant culture
, \Culture Shock: - ANS--the feelings a person expierences when placed in a different culture
\Culture: - ANS--shared system of beliefs and behavioral expectations
-social structure for daily living
-defines how we treat others/our family systems
\Deductive reasoning - ANS--one examines a general idea then considers specific actions or
ideas
-BIG idea broken down into small ones
\Deontological: - ANS--an action is right or wrong based on a rule, independent of its
concequences
\Development - ANS--orderly pattern of change in structure, thoughts, feelings or behaviors
resulting from maturation, experiences and learning
\Developmental Thoery - ANS--outlines the process of growth and development of humans
as orderly and predictable, beginning with conception and ending with death
-defined stages; the process and behaviors of an individual within each stage are unique
\Disease - ANS-pathologic change in the structure or function of the body or mind
\Dorothea Orem - ANS--self-care is a human need, self-care deficits require nursing action
-nursing is a human service, and nurses design interventions to provide or manage self-care
actions for sustaining health or recovering from illness or injury
\Ethics - ANS--systematic inquiry into principles of right and wrong conduct of virtue and vice
and of good and evil as they relate to conduct
\Ethnicity: - ANS--sense of identification, sharing of unique cultural and social beliefs
\Ethnocentrism: - ANS-belief that one's ideas, beliefs, and practices are best or superior
\Evidence based practice: - ANS--review and critique research reports
-identify level and strength of the evidence
-make specific recommendation for the practice (validate/change)
\Evidence based research - ANS--nursing care provided that is supported by reliable
research based evidence
-its use mandates critical analysis and extensive systematic reviews of research articles and
findings to improve nursing interventions and actions
\Factors affecting health and illness: - ANS--Basic Human needs
-physical
-emotional
-intellectual
-environmental
-sociocultural
-spiritual
\Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing - ANS--needs of patient
-standards of hospital management
-respectful occupation for women
-health and illness
-nursing separate and distinct from medicine
\General Systems Theory - ANS--whole is greater than the sum of its parts
-systems are interrelated and changing one thing in a subsystem can change the entirety of
a system
-boundaries separate systems from each other and their environments
-systems communicate through means of inputs and outputs
-closed and open systems
-to survive open systems maintain balance through feedback
