SPA 6565 Exam 1 Exam Questions with correct
answers
Incidence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-The |incidence |of |a |disorder |is |the |reported |frequency |of |new |occurrences |
of |that |disorder |over |a |long |period |in |relation |to |the |population |in |which |it |occurs. |(Incidence |in |the |US |in |
adults |is |6%)
Prevalence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Prevalence |of |a |disorder |is |the |number |of |cases |in |a |population |during |a |
shorter, |prescribed |period, |usually |in |a |specific |setting |that |it |occurs.
CVA: |50%
Head |and |neck |cancer
Head |Injury
Progressive |neurogenic |disease |(Parkinson's, |ALS, |MS, |MG, |GB, |Rheumatic |disease)
Levels |of |Care |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Acute |care, |subacute |care, |rehabilitation, |long |term |care, |home |
health, |private |practice
Swallowing |Team |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-SLP
Primary |care |physician
Otolaryngologist
Gastroenerologist
Radiologist
Neurologist
Dentist
Nurse
Dietitian
OT
Pulmonary/respiratory |therapist
Four |Stages |of |Swallow |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Oral |prep
Oral
Pharyngeal
Esophageal
Nasopharynx |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Nasal |cavity |to |velum
Oropharynx |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-velum |to |base |of |the |tongue
Hypopharynx |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-base |of |the |tongue |to |the |vellculae |to |UES
Oral |Prep |Stage |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Swallow |phase |where |food/liquid |prepared |for |further |phases |of |
swallow.
Prior |to |oral |phase.
Tongue |moves |the |bolus |laterally |to |the |molars.
Crushing, |repetitive |movements |of |jaw |reduce |the |bolus |size.
Chewing |continues |reflexively |once |initiated, |but |may |be |volitionally |altered.
Food/liquids |are |formed |into |a |bolus.
Bolus |centralized |and |compressed |by |the |tongue |against |the |hard |palate |for |transfer |in |a |later |phase.
, Muscles |of |Mastication/Oral |Prep |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Temporalis |(raises |and |retracts)
Masseter |(elevates)
Lateral |pterygoid |(protrudes |mandible)
Medial |pterygoid |(lateralizes |mandible)
Buccinator |(oral |prep |muscle |pair)
Innervation |of |Mastication |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Cranial |nerve |V: |trigeminal
Salivary |Glands |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Submandibular |
Parotid
Sublingual
Important |in |digestion, |oral |health, |and |taste |facilitation
Produce |both |serous |and |mucous |components |to |aid |in |the |formation |and |lubrication |of |the |bolus.
Innervated |by |CNs |XII |and |IX
Mechanical |Receptors |in |the |oral |cavity |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Tongue
Teeth
Gums
Palate
Thermoreceptors |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Temperature
Senors |via |sensory |branch |of |CN |V
Chemoreceptors |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Taste
Mediated |by |CN |VII |(anterior |2/3 |of |tongue) |and |CN |IX |(posterior |1/3 |of |tongue)
Oral |Phase |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Waiting |bolus |is |propelled |posteriorly |(anterior |> |posterior |propulsion)
Bolus |moves |cohesively |from |the |oral |cavity |into |the |oropharynx
Key |structure |in |this |movement |is |the |tongue
Base |of |the |tongue |elevates |via |palatoglossus |(CN |IX, |X)
Velum |elevation |to |seal |nasopharynx |via |palatopharyngeus |and |levator |muscle |of |the |velum |palatini |(CN |X |
and |XI)
Intrinsic |Muscles |of |the |Tongue |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Superior |Longitudinal |Muscle: |shorten |superior |
aspect |(raise |tip) |and |create |concave |depression
Transverse |Muscle: |elongate |and |narrow
Vertical |Muscle: |flattens
Inferior |Longitudinal |Muscle: |shorten |tongue/depress |tip
Extrinsic |Muscles |of |the |Tongue |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Palatoglossus |Muscle
Styloglossus |Muscle: |upward |and |back
Genioglossus |Muscle: |protrusion, |alveolar |ridge |(posterior |fibers)
Hyloglossus |Muscle: |retracts/depresses
UES |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Upper |Esophageal |Sphincter
Also |called |the |PES |(pharyngeal |esophageal |sphincter) |and |CP |(cricopharyngeus)
answers
Incidence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-The |incidence |of |a |disorder |is |the |reported |frequency |of |new |occurrences |
of |that |disorder |over |a |long |period |in |relation |to |the |population |in |which |it |occurs. |(Incidence |in |the |US |in |
adults |is |6%)
Prevalence |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Prevalence |of |a |disorder |is |the |number |of |cases |in |a |population |during |a |
shorter, |prescribed |period, |usually |in |a |specific |setting |that |it |occurs.
CVA: |50%
Head |and |neck |cancer
Head |Injury
Progressive |neurogenic |disease |(Parkinson's, |ALS, |MS, |MG, |GB, |Rheumatic |disease)
Levels |of |Care |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Acute |care, |subacute |care, |rehabilitation, |long |term |care, |home |
health, |private |practice
Swallowing |Team |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-SLP
Primary |care |physician
Otolaryngologist
Gastroenerologist
Radiologist
Neurologist
Dentist
Nurse
Dietitian
OT
Pulmonary/respiratory |therapist
Four |Stages |of |Swallow |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Oral |prep
Oral
Pharyngeal
Esophageal
Nasopharynx |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Nasal |cavity |to |velum
Oropharynx |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-velum |to |base |of |the |tongue
Hypopharynx |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-base |of |the |tongue |to |the |vellculae |to |UES
Oral |Prep |Stage |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Swallow |phase |where |food/liquid |prepared |for |further |phases |of |
swallow.
Prior |to |oral |phase.
Tongue |moves |the |bolus |laterally |to |the |molars.
Crushing, |repetitive |movements |of |jaw |reduce |the |bolus |size.
Chewing |continues |reflexively |once |initiated, |but |may |be |volitionally |altered.
Food/liquids |are |formed |into |a |bolus.
Bolus |centralized |and |compressed |by |the |tongue |against |the |hard |palate |for |transfer |in |a |later |phase.
, Muscles |of |Mastication/Oral |Prep |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Temporalis |(raises |and |retracts)
Masseter |(elevates)
Lateral |pterygoid |(protrudes |mandible)
Medial |pterygoid |(lateralizes |mandible)
Buccinator |(oral |prep |muscle |pair)
Innervation |of |Mastication |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Cranial |nerve |V: |trigeminal
Salivary |Glands |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Submandibular |
Parotid
Sublingual
Important |in |digestion, |oral |health, |and |taste |facilitation
Produce |both |serous |and |mucous |components |to |aid |in |the |formation |and |lubrication |of |the |bolus.
Innervated |by |CNs |XII |and |IX
Mechanical |Receptors |in |the |oral |cavity |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Tongue
Teeth
Gums
Palate
Thermoreceptors |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Temperature
Senors |via |sensory |branch |of |CN |V
Chemoreceptors |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Taste
Mediated |by |CN |VII |(anterior |2/3 |of |tongue) |and |CN |IX |(posterior |1/3 |of |tongue)
Oral |Phase |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Waiting |bolus |is |propelled |posteriorly |(anterior |> |posterior |propulsion)
Bolus |moves |cohesively |from |the |oral |cavity |into |the |oropharynx
Key |structure |in |this |movement |is |the |tongue
Base |of |the |tongue |elevates |via |palatoglossus |(CN |IX, |X)
Velum |elevation |to |seal |nasopharynx |via |palatopharyngeus |and |levator |muscle |of |the |velum |palatini |(CN |X |
and |XI)
Intrinsic |Muscles |of |the |Tongue |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Superior |Longitudinal |Muscle: |shorten |superior |
aspect |(raise |tip) |and |create |concave |depression
Transverse |Muscle: |elongate |and |narrow
Vertical |Muscle: |flattens
Inferior |Longitudinal |Muscle: |shorten |tongue/depress |tip
Extrinsic |Muscles |of |the |Tongue |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Palatoglossus |Muscle
Styloglossus |Muscle: |upward |and |back
Genioglossus |Muscle: |protrusion, |alveolar |ridge |(posterior |fibers)
Hyloglossus |Muscle: |retracts/depresses
UES |- |VERIFIED |ANSWER✔✔-Upper |Esophageal |Sphincter
Also |called |the |PES |(pharyngeal |esophageal |sphincter) |and |CP |(cricopharyngeus)
