Bioethics Chapters 1-6 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
ACCURATE 2025.
In what way was Mill different in his views on pleasure when compared with Bentham? -
✅✅Mill did not view every pleasure as equal to one another.
Classical utilitarian philosophers like Bentham, and their precursor, Epicurus, are often
described as: - ✅✅Hedonists
One way to summarize the approach of the utilitarian philosophy is: - ✅✅The best
action is the one that increases pleasure for the greatest number of people.
What does Epicurus mean when he talks about pleasure in Letter to Menoeceus? -
✅✅The absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the soul
What are the two sovereign masters of human beings, according to Bentham? -
✅✅Pain and pleasure
Which of the following is an example of an act that violates part of Immanuel Kant's
Categorical Imperative, which guides his theory of Deontology: - ✅✅Keeping slaves
is a violation because one is using another as a means to an end.
One of the guiding forces behind Immanuel Kant's Deontology was the idea of Natural
Law. Natural Law states: - ✅✅There is a right, and there is a wrong, and man must
use reason to know the difference.
Deontology, the 18th century philosophy of Immanuel Kant, is based on the idea that: -
✅✅We are morally obligated, at times, to act in a certain way even though the
outcome of our actions might not be good for everyone.
Immanuel Kant's Deontology is often compared to Utilitarianism. The key difference
between the two is: - ✅✅Utilitarianism is the idea that actions that are most moral are
the ones that create the most good for the most people. Deontology states that the most
moral actions are the ones that create the most benefit for you, regardless of the
drawbacks for others.
A major criticism of Immanuel Kant's Deontology is: - ✅✅It focuses too much on acts
and not enough on outcomes.
Who proposed the idea of prima facie duties? - ✅✅W. D. Ross.
, According to Ross, what may be a better label for the prima facie than 'duties'? -
✅✅Moral guidelines
What is a prima facie duty? - ✅✅A moral action that is required unless trumped by a
greater obligation
Ross' idea of prima facie was developed in response to the belief that the most moral
duty was one that maximized utility. What is utility? - ✅✅The most benefit for the
most people
What is a duty? - ✅✅A moral obligation to act in a specific way
Under the natural law theory, a law is only 'good' if it is what? - ✅✅Moral
Which legal theory is considered the opposite of natural law? - ✅✅Legal positivism
Which of the following natural law principles is often used to justify war? - ✅✅Just
war doctrine
Which of the following is considered by natural law theorists to represent our purpose as
humans? - ✅✅To live a good life
Natural law theory recognizes a connection between the law and what? - ✅✅Morality
To what domain did Rawls direct his views of justice? - ✅✅The political domain
A very brief way to sum up Rawls' approach to justice is the phrase: - ✅✅Justice as
fairness
Which of the following is the best way to sum up the focus of Rawls' principles of
justice? - ✅✅Equal basic rights and fair opportunities
Which of the following describes the veil of ignorance, as Rawls understands it? -
✅✅A way of considering justice when you do not know what position you hold within
the society
Which of the following are unknown under the veil of ignorance in the original position? -
✅✅All of the answers are correct
According to libertarian principles, all of the following are true EXCEPT for which? -
✅✅People who own greater shares are morally obligated to provide for those less
fortunate
ACCURATE 2025.
In what way was Mill different in his views on pleasure when compared with Bentham? -
✅✅Mill did not view every pleasure as equal to one another.
Classical utilitarian philosophers like Bentham, and their precursor, Epicurus, are often
described as: - ✅✅Hedonists
One way to summarize the approach of the utilitarian philosophy is: - ✅✅The best
action is the one that increases pleasure for the greatest number of people.
What does Epicurus mean when he talks about pleasure in Letter to Menoeceus? -
✅✅The absence of pain in the body and of trouble in the soul
What are the two sovereign masters of human beings, according to Bentham? -
✅✅Pain and pleasure
Which of the following is an example of an act that violates part of Immanuel Kant's
Categorical Imperative, which guides his theory of Deontology: - ✅✅Keeping slaves
is a violation because one is using another as a means to an end.
One of the guiding forces behind Immanuel Kant's Deontology was the idea of Natural
Law. Natural Law states: - ✅✅There is a right, and there is a wrong, and man must
use reason to know the difference.
Deontology, the 18th century philosophy of Immanuel Kant, is based on the idea that: -
✅✅We are morally obligated, at times, to act in a certain way even though the
outcome of our actions might not be good for everyone.
Immanuel Kant's Deontology is often compared to Utilitarianism. The key difference
between the two is: - ✅✅Utilitarianism is the idea that actions that are most moral are
the ones that create the most good for the most people. Deontology states that the most
moral actions are the ones that create the most benefit for you, regardless of the
drawbacks for others.
A major criticism of Immanuel Kant's Deontology is: - ✅✅It focuses too much on acts
and not enough on outcomes.
Who proposed the idea of prima facie duties? - ✅✅W. D. Ross.
, According to Ross, what may be a better label for the prima facie than 'duties'? -
✅✅Moral guidelines
What is a prima facie duty? - ✅✅A moral action that is required unless trumped by a
greater obligation
Ross' idea of prima facie was developed in response to the belief that the most moral
duty was one that maximized utility. What is utility? - ✅✅The most benefit for the
most people
What is a duty? - ✅✅A moral obligation to act in a specific way
Under the natural law theory, a law is only 'good' if it is what? - ✅✅Moral
Which legal theory is considered the opposite of natural law? - ✅✅Legal positivism
Which of the following natural law principles is often used to justify war? - ✅✅Just
war doctrine
Which of the following is considered by natural law theorists to represent our purpose as
humans? - ✅✅To live a good life
Natural law theory recognizes a connection between the law and what? - ✅✅Morality
To what domain did Rawls direct his views of justice? - ✅✅The political domain
A very brief way to sum up Rawls' approach to justice is the phrase: - ✅✅Justice as
fairness
Which of the following is the best way to sum up the focus of Rawls' principles of
justice? - ✅✅Equal basic rights and fair opportunities
Which of the following describes the veil of ignorance, as Rawls understands it? -
✅✅A way of considering justice when you do not know what position you hold within
the society
Which of the following are unknown under the veil of ignorance in the original position? -
✅✅All of the answers are correct
According to libertarian principles, all of the following are true EXCEPT for which? -
✅✅People who own greater shares are morally obligated to provide for those less
fortunate
