Bioethics Chapters 7-12 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
ACCURATE 2025.
What is NOT included in the information that must be provided to a research subject in
order for the subject to give informed consent? - ✅✅The names of all other research
subjects participating in the study
The first document that set forth modern ethical guidelines for medical research was the
_____. - ✅✅Nuremberg Code
The document that was used as the basis for laws governing medical research in many
countries was the _____. - ✅✅Declaration of Helsinki
Sam has a small skin cancer removed from his arm. After the procedure, his doctor
takes some of the cancerous cells and uses them to test a new type of drug that he is
researching. Sam never knows that his doctor used the cells. Is this ethical or not and
why? - ✅✅No, Sam was not able to provide informed consent because his doctor did
not clearly inform him of how the cells would be used.
In 1951, tumor cells were taken from Henrietta Lacks and used to found the first
immortal cell line, known as HeLa. Why do we now consider this to have been
unethical? - ✅✅Because, even though Henrietta Lacks was given appropriate
treatment for the time period, she was not informed that the cells were taken and
therefore, could not give informed consent
Autonomy is one of the four _____ principles of biomedical research. - ✅✅Ethical
Which of the following is NOT considered unethical in regards to autonomy? -
✅✅Explaining the possible positive outcomes for the participant
Which of the following does NOT have to be explained to a potential participant of a
biomedical research study? - ✅✅All of the specific details of the entire research study
Which of the following would NOT be a part of a biomedical research study? -
✅✅Study on population genetics
Who makes the decision on whether or not a person participates in a biomedical
research experiment? - ✅✅The potential participant
Why would simply 'cleaning up' Willowbrook not solve the problem of hepatitis at the
facility? - ✅✅It was difficult to know which child had hepatitis
, Which of the following is one of the ethical issues involved in the Willowbrook studies? -
✅✅Children were purposely infected with hepatitis
What was a benefit to the hepatitis studies conducted at Willowbrook? - ✅✅It paved
the way to hepatitis vaccines
Why was there issue with parental consent with regard to the Willowbrook hepatitis
studies? - ✅✅Parents were desperate to find a place for their child and the only
available section was the 'hepatitis wing'
Which of the following is NOT an ethical issue associated with Willowbrook? -
✅✅Developing vaccinations
Currently, it is believed that Simian Immunodeficiency Virus was transferred to humans
in the 1800s when - ✅✅Humans hunted monkeys as food
Which of the following is not a fluid that transfers the HIV retrovirus? - ✅✅Saliva
HIV stands for_____, AIDS stands for - ✅✅Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome
In the United States, it is estimated that _____% of new infections are unaware of their
infection. - ✅✅18
Higher level of prejudice occurred with the discovery of the wasting disease in the
United States in the gay community, leading to AIDS originally being described as Gay
Related Immune Deficiency Syndrome. - ✅✅True
Why does antiretroviral therapy focus on reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors?
- ✅✅A healthy human cell does not have these proteins, so they make a good
specific target
What is the name for a specific combination of drugs used to control HIV? -
✅✅Cocktail
Which of the following statements is TRUE about HIV? - ✅✅The HIV virus is able to
form mutations
Reverse transcriptase inhibitors are able to: - ✅✅Stop HIV from copying its RNA into
DNA
Why are protease inhibitors used in HIV treatments? - ✅✅They prevent HIV from
making enzymes and structural proteins
ACCURATE 2025.
What is NOT included in the information that must be provided to a research subject in
order for the subject to give informed consent? - ✅✅The names of all other research
subjects participating in the study
The first document that set forth modern ethical guidelines for medical research was the
_____. - ✅✅Nuremberg Code
The document that was used as the basis for laws governing medical research in many
countries was the _____. - ✅✅Declaration of Helsinki
Sam has a small skin cancer removed from his arm. After the procedure, his doctor
takes some of the cancerous cells and uses them to test a new type of drug that he is
researching. Sam never knows that his doctor used the cells. Is this ethical or not and
why? - ✅✅No, Sam was not able to provide informed consent because his doctor did
not clearly inform him of how the cells would be used.
In 1951, tumor cells were taken from Henrietta Lacks and used to found the first
immortal cell line, known as HeLa. Why do we now consider this to have been
unethical? - ✅✅Because, even though Henrietta Lacks was given appropriate
treatment for the time period, she was not informed that the cells were taken and
therefore, could not give informed consent
Autonomy is one of the four _____ principles of biomedical research. - ✅✅Ethical
Which of the following is NOT considered unethical in regards to autonomy? -
✅✅Explaining the possible positive outcomes for the participant
Which of the following does NOT have to be explained to a potential participant of a
biomedical research study? - ✅✅All of the specific details of the entire research study
Which of the following would NOT be a part of a biomedical research study? -
✅✅Study on population genetics
Who makes the decision on whether or not a person participates in a biomedical
research experiment? - ✅✅The potential participant
Why would simply 'cleaning up' Willowbrook not solve the problem of hepatitis at the
facility? - ✅✅It was difficult to know which child had hepatitis
, Which of the following is one of the ethical issues involved in the Willowbrook studies? -
✅✅Children were purposely infected with hepatitis
What was a benefit to the hepatitis studies conducted at Willowbrook? - ✅✅It paved
the way to hepatitis vaccines
Why was there issue with parental consent with regard to the Willowbrook hepatitis
studies? - ✅✅Parents were desperate to find a place for their child and the only
available section was the 'hepatitis wing'
Which of the following is NOT an ethical issue associated with Willowbrook? -
✅✅Developing vaccinations
Currently, it is believed that Simian Immunodeficiency Virus was transferred to humans
in the 1800s when - ✅✅Humans hunted monkeys as food
Which of the following is not a fluid that transfers the HIV retrovirus? - ✅✅Saliva
HIV stands for_____, AIDS stands for - ✅✅Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome
In the United States, it is estimated that _____% of new infections are unaware of their
infection. - ✅✅18
Higher level of prejudice occurred with the discovery of the wasting disease in the
United States in the gay community, leading to AIDS originally being described as Gay
Related Immune Deficiency Syndrome. - ✅✅True
Why does antiretroviral therapy focus on reverse transcriptase and protease inhibitors?
- ✅✅A healthy human cell does not have these proteins, so they make a good
specific target
What is the name for a specific combination of drugs used to control HIV? -
✅✅Cocktail
Which of the following statements is TRUE about HIV? - ✅✅The HIV virus is able to
form mutations
Reverse transcriptase inhibitors are able to: - ✅✅Stop HIV from copying its RNA into
DNA
Why are protease inhibitors used in HIV treatments? - ✅✅They prevent HIV from
making enzymes and structural proteins
