BCH 367 EXAM 1 REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories - ANSWER-four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N - ANSWER-99%
Proteins Structure - ANSWER-linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins - ANSWER-Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein - ANSWER-Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins - ANSWER-Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense,
catalysis, etc.
Nucleic acids structure - ANSWER-Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids - ANSWER-nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids - ANSWER-Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids - ANSWER-Information storage and transfer
Lipids Structure - ANSWER-Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic
regions
# of Monomers in Proteins - ANSWER-20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids - ANSWER-4
Major Functions of Lipids - ANSWER-Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure - ANSWER-Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates - ANSWER-Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates - ANSWER-MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates - ANSWER-Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell
interaction sites
, Central dogma - ANSWER-describes the basic principles of biological information
transfer & specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA
to the proteins that perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma - ANSWER-Dna -> (transcription) RNA ->
(translation) Protein
In replication.... - ANSWER-Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ;
Enzyme = DNA Polymerase
In transcription... - ANSWER-Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ;
Enzyme = RNA Polymerase
In translation... - ANSWER-Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ;
Enzyme = Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus - ANSWER-two
Fucntion of nucleus - ANSWER-The information center that holds the DNA of the
organism ; Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria - ANSWER-two
Function of Mitochondria - ANSWER-Energy production centers that produce ATP
through respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts - ANSWER-two
Function of Chloroplasts - ANSWER-Photosynthesis centers that convert light to
chemical energy ; Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) - ANSWER-one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER-Membraous sack used for
processing exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) - ANSWER-one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER-ER where proteins destined for
cellular membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex - ANSWER-one
Function of Golgi Complex - ANSWER-Stacked membranes involved in protein sorting
and preparation of secretory granules
AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
All biomolecules can be divided into just ________ main categories - ANSWER-four
Over _______ of the human body is made up of H, O, C, and N - ANSWER-99%
Proteins Structure - ANSWER-linear polymer that folds into 3D structure
Monomers of proteins - ANSWER-Amino Acids
Polymer bonds in protein - ANSWER-Peptide bond
Major functions of proteins - ANSWER-Signals, receptors, strucutre, mobility, defense,
catalysis, etc.
Nucleic acids structure - ANSWER-Linear polymer that forms predictable base pairs
Monomers of nucleic acids - ANSWER-nucleotides
Name of polymer bond in nucleic acids - ANSWER-Phosphodiester bond
Major functions of nucleic acids - ANSWER-Information storage and transfer
Lipids Structure - ANSWER-Dual chemical character with hydrophobic and hydrophilic
regions
# of Monomers in Proteins - ANSWER-20
# of Monomers in Nucleic Acids - ANSWER-4
Major Functions of Lipids - ANSWER-Fuel storage, signaling, and barriers
Carbohydrates Structure - ANSWER-Diverse structures, can form branched polymers
Monomers in carbohydrates - ANSWER-Monosaccharides
# of monomers in carbohydrates - ANSWER-MANY
Major functions of carbohydrates - ANSWER-Fuel, cell identification, cell-to-cell
interaction sites
, Central dogma - ANSWER-describes the basic principles of biological information
transfer & specifies the process through which we go from genetic information of DNA
to the proteins that perform so many cellular functions
Information Flow in Central Dogma - ANSWER-Dna -> (transcription) RNA ->
(translation) Protein
In replication.... - ANSWER-Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = DNA ;
Enzyme = DNA Polymerase
In transcription... - ANSWER-Input Biomolecule = DNA ; Output Biomolecule = RNA ;
Enzyme = RNA Polymerase
In translation... - ANSWER-Input Biomolecule = RNA ; Output Biomolecule = Protein ;
Enzyme = Ribosome
# of membranes in nucleus - ANSWER-two
Fucntion of nucleus - ANSWER-The information center that holds the DNA of the
organism ; Nuclear pores enable transport in and out
# of membrances in Mitochondria - ANSWER-two
Function of Mitochondria - ANSWER-Energy production centers that produce ATP
through respiration
# of membranes in chloroplasts - ANSWER-two
Function of Chloroplasts - ANSWER-Photosynthesis centers that convert light to
chemical energy ; Only in plants and algae
# of membranes in SER (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) - ANSWER-one
Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER-Membraous sack used for
processing exogenous chemicals ; Smooth, no ribosomes
# of membranes in RER (Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum) - ANSWER-one
Function of Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANSWER-ER where proteins destined for
cellular membrances or for secretion are synthesized ; Rough due to ribosomes
# of membranes in Golgi Complex - ANSWER-one
Function of Golgi Complex - ANSWER-Stacked membranes involved in protein sorting
and preparation of secretory granules
