PSYC 140 FINAL EXAM PREP QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the best long-term outcomes? -
Answers :Authoritative
According to Piaget, what is centration? - Answers :Centration is when a child focuses
all their attention on one feature of an object.
Give an example of a child exhibiting animism, as defined by Piaget. - Answers :A child
thinking that their dolls have real feelings and thoughts. Or thinking because its raining
that the clouds are crying. Another example is thinking because they tripped and
scrapped their knee, they child may say "the side walk jumped up and bit me!"
What purpose does myelination in the brains of young children serve? - Answers :To
speed up synaptic transmission
What purpose does synaptic pruning serve in the brains of young children? - Answers
:To clear out underused synaptic connections.
Categorize the following symptoms as either a symptom of Inattention or Hyperactivity-
Impulsivity: Has trouble sitting still at mealtime. - Answers :Hyperactivity-Impulsivity
Categorize the following symptoms as either a symptom of Inattention or Hyperactivity-
Impulsivity: Frequently forgets things. - Answers :Inattention
__________ children receive high numbers of negative votes in research studies on
peer statuses. - Answers :Rejected
__________ children tend to receive both positive and negative votes in research
studies on peer statuses. - Answers :Controversial
According to Erikson, which comes first: Identity or Intimacy? - Answers :Identity
According to a lifespan perspective of human development, aging, maturation, and
growth are all different types of change. This change can therefore be positive or
negative. Therefore, development is multi ____________. - Answers :Directional
Since professionals from various fields may study or apply principles in lifespan
development, this field is multi ____________. - Answers :Disciplinary
Which of the following most accurately summarizes Freud's view of the Oedipus
complex? - Answers :Boys experience competition with their fathers and eventually
identify with them, while repressing sexual feelings toward their mothers.
, Which of the following statements most accurately reflects Piaget's stages of cognitive
development? - Answers :Children progress thought stages in the same order.
What was B.F. Skinner's position on free will? Be specific and thorough in your answer.
Where does he therefore fall on the nature/nurture debate? - Answers :B.F Skinner's
position on free will, there is no free will; all behavior is due to conditioning. We only
believe there is free will because we cannot see what causes the behavior. Skinner is
fully on the nurture side.
Is food aversion an example of Classical Conditioning or Operant Conditioning? Explain
why - Answers :Food aversion is an example of classical conditioning. Food aversion is
an association between nausea and induced substance organisms learn to associate
events or stimuli that repeatedly happen together. Classical Conditioning is an example
of association learning.
Which psychological perspective likens the human brain to a computer? - Answers
:Information processing theory
According to Freud, the Oedipus Complex arises during which psychosexual stage? -
Answers :Phallic
Freud's final psychosexual stage occurs from [answer1] on while, Erikson's final stage is
for the following age group: [answer2]. - Answers :Puberty, Older adults.
Freud believed that unsuccessful completion of a psychosexual stage would result in a
person becoming ____________ on an erogenous part of the body. - Answers :Fixated
Someone who believes that genetics are the primary contributor to developmental
changes is emphasizing [CHOOSE ONE: Nature/Nurture]. - Answers :Nature
He coined the term, "operant conditioning." - Answers :B.F. Skinner
Which age group did Erikson say faces the crisis Identity vs. Identity Confusion? -
Answers :Adolescene
Which age group did Erikson say faces the crisis Intimacy vs. Isolation? - Answers
:Early Adulthood
In operant conditioning, [answer1] are applied so that behaviors are more likely to
continue in the future, while [answer2] are applied to decrease the likelihood of
behaviors continuing. - Answers :Reinforcers, Punishment
Which of the following statements accurately reflect Piaget's impact on developmental
psychology? - Answers :The impact was very strong, since he changed how
researchers viewed and studied children's cognitive development.
ANSWERS
Which of Baumrind's parenting styles is associated with the best long-term outcomes? -
Answers :Authoritative
According to Piaget, what is centration? - Answers :Centration is when a child focuses
all their attention on one feature of an object.
Give an example of a child exhibiting animism, as defined by Piaget. - Answers :A child
thinking that their dolls have real feelings and thoughts. Or thinking because its raining
that the clouds are crying. Another example is thinking because they tripped and
scrapped their knee, they child may say "the side walk jumped up and bit me!"
What purpose does myelination in the brains of young children serve? - Answers :To
speed up synaptic transmission
What purpose does synaptic pruning serve in the brains of young children? - Answers
:To clear out underused synaptic connections.
Categorize the following symptoms as either a symptom of Inattention or Hyperactivity-
Impulsivity: Has trouble sitting still at mealtime. - Answers :Hyperactivity-Impulsivity
Categorize the following symptoms as either a symptom of Inattention or Hyperactivity-
Impulsivity: Frequently forgets things. - Answers :Inattention
__________ children receive high numbers of negative votes in research studies on
peer statuses. - Answers :Rejected
__________ children tend to receive both positive and negative votes in research
studies on peer statuses. - Answers :Controversial
According to Erikson, which comes first: Identity or Intimacy? - Answers :Identity
According to a lifespan perspective of human development, aging, maturation, and
growth are all different types of change. This change can therefore be positive or
negative. Therefore, development is multi ____________. - Answers :Directional
Since professionals from various fields may study or apply principles in lifespan
development, this field is multi ____________. - Answers :Disciplinary
Which of the following most accurately summarizes Freud's view of the Oedipus
complex? - Answers :Boys experience competition with their fathers and eventually
identify with them, while repressing sexual feelings toward their mothers.
, Which of the following statements most accurately reflects Piaget's stages of cognitive
development? - Answers :Children progress thought stages in the same order.
What was B.F. Skinner's position on free will? Be specific and thorough in your answer.
Where does he therefore fall on the nature/nurture debate? - Answers :B.F Skinner's
position on free will, there is no free will; all behavior is due to conditioning. We only
believe there is free will because we cannot see what causes the behavior. Skinner is
fully on the nurture side.
Is food aversion an example of Classical Conditioning or Operant Conditioning? Explain
why - Answers :Food aversion is an example of classical conditioning. Food aversion is
an association between nausea and induced substance organisms learn to associate
events or stimuli that repeatedly happen together. Classical Conditioning is an example
of association learning.
Which psychological perspective likens the human brain to a computer? - Answers
:Information processing theory
According to Freud, the Oedipus Complex arises during which psychosexual stage? -
Answers :Phallic
Freud's final psychosexual stage occurs from [answer1] on while, Erikson's final stage is
for the following age group: [answer2]. - Answers :Puberty, Older adults.
Freud believed that unsuccessful completion of a psychosexual stage would result in a
person becoming ____________ on an erogenous part of the body. - Answers :Fixated
Someone who believes that genetics are the primary contributor to developmental
changes is emphasizing [CHOOSE ONE: Nature/Nurture]. - Answers :Nature
He coined the term, "operant conditioning." - Answers :B.F. Skinner
Which age group did Erikson say faces the crisis Identity vs. Identity Confusion? -
Answers :Adolescene
Which age group did Erikson say faces the crisis Intimacy vs. Isolation? - Answers
:Early Adulthood
In operant conditioning, [answer1] are applied so that behaviors are more likely to
continue in the future, while [answer2] are applied to decrease the likelihood of
behaviors continuing. - Answers :Reinforcers, Punishment
Which of the following statements accurately reflect Piaget's impact on developmental
psychology? - Answers :The impact was very strong, since he changed how
researchers viewed and studied children's cognitive development.
