NR 283 Exam 2 – Chamberlain Question
and answers correctly solved 2025
Tachycardia - correct answer ✔abnormally rapid heart rate - above 100
Bradycardia - correct answer ✔abnormally slow heart rate - under 60
preload - correct answer ✔volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
Afterload - correct answer ✔resistance against which left ventricle pushes
blood out
Systole - correct answer ✔contraction of heart .... provides increase in
pressure to eject blood
Diastole - correct answer ✔relaxation of heart.... required for filling chambers
When is preload increased? - correct answer ✔hypervolemia, regurgitation
of cardiac valves, heart failure
When is afterload increased? - correct answer ✔hypertension,
vasoconstriction
What increases when afterload increases? - correct answer ✔increase in
cardiac workload
What is cardiac output? - correct answer ✔Volume of blood ejected by the
heart in one minute:
,cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume
What is stroke volume? - correct answer ✔Volume of blood pumped out of
ventricle- contraction
The heart sound, lubb is due to the _________ . - correct answer ✔closure
of AV valves
The heart sound, dub is due to the ________. - correct answer ✔closure of
semilunar valves.
pulse rate - correct answer ✔heart rate 60-100 bpm.
What do vasodilators do? - correct answer ✔dilates (opens) blood vessels,
which allows blood to flow more easily
example: nitroglycerin
What do beta blockers do? - correct answer ✔-decrease heart rate and
blood pressure
-treat HTN & dysrhythmias
-reduce angina attacks
arteriosclerosis - correct answer ✔hardening of blood vessels
Atherosclerosis - correct answer ✔plaque build up in the coronary artery
causing clots, often leads to MI.
, Diuretics - correct answer ✔medications administered to increase urine
secretion in order to remove excess sodium and/or water.
- treats high blood pressure and congestive heart failure
anticoagulant - correct answer ✔a drug that prevents clotting of the blood
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - correct answer ✔Transports cholesterol from
liver to cells
Major factor contributing to atheroma formation
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - correct answer ✔Transports cholesterol
away from the peripheral cells to liver—"good" lipoprotein
Catabolism in liver and excretion
angina pectoris - correct answer ✔chest pain that results when the heart
does not get enough oxygen - recurrent, intermittent brief episodes of
substernal chest pain
unstable angina - correct answer ✔prolonged chest pain at rest
Stable angina - correct answer ✔chest pain that occurs when a person is
active or under severe stress
Nitroglycerin - correct answer ✔A drug that helps to dilate the coronary
vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood.
Warning signs of a heart attack - correct answer ✔Feeling of pressure,
heaviness, or burning in chest - especially with increased activity
Sudden shortness of breath, weakness, fatigue
and answers correctly solved 2025
Tachycardia - correct answer ✔abnormally rapid heart rate - above 100
Bradycardia - correct answer ✔abnormally slow heart rate - under 60
preload - correct answer ✔volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole
Afterload - correct answer ✔resistance against which left ventricle pushes
blood out
Systole - correct answer ✔contraction of heart .... provides increase in
pressure to eject blood
Diastole - correct answer ✔relaxation of heart.... required for filling chambers
When is preload increased? - correct answer ✔hypervolemia, regurgitation
of cardiac valves, heart failure
When is afterload increased? - correct answer ✔hypertension,
vasoconstriction
What increases when afterload increases? - correct answer ✔increase in
cardiac workload
What is cardiac output? - correct answer ✔Volume of blood ejected by the
heart in one minute:
,cardiac output = heart rate x stroke volume
What is stroke volume? - correct answer ✔Volume of blood pumped out of
ventricle- contraction
The heart sound, lubb is due to the _________ . - correct answer ✔closure
of AV valves
The heart sound, dub is due to the ________. - correct answer ✔closure of
semilunar valves.
pulse rate - correct answer ✔heart rate 60-100 bpm.
What do vasodilators do? - correct answer ✔dilates (opens) blood vessels,
which allows blood to flow more easily
example: nitroglycerin
What do beta blockers do? - correct answer ✔-decrease heart rate and
blood pressure
-treat HTN & dysrhythmias
-reduce angina attacks
arteriosclerosis - correct answer ✔hardening of blood vessels
Atherosclerosis - correct answer ✔plaque build up in the coronary artery
causing clots, often leads to MI.
, Diuretics - correct answer ✔medications administered to increase urine
secretion in order to remove excess sodium and/or water.
- treats high blood pressure and congestive heart failure
anticoagulant - correct answer ✔a drug that prevents clotting of the blood
low-density lipoprotein (LDL) - correct answer ✔Transports cholesterol from
liver to cells
Major factor contributing to atheroma formation
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) - correct answer ✔Transports cholesterol
away from the peripheral cells to liver—"good" lipoprotein
Catabolism in liver and excretion
angina pectoris - correct answer ✔chest pain that results when the heart
does not get enough oxygen - recurrent, intermittent brief episodes of
substernal chest pain
unstable angina - correct answer ✔prolonged chest pain at rest
Stable angina - correct answer ✔chest pain that occurs when a person is
active or under severe stress
Nitroglycerin - correct answer ✔A drug that helps to dilate the coronary
vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood.
Warning signs of a heart attack - correct answer ✔Feeling of pressure,
heaviness, or burning in chest - especially with increased activity
Sudden shortness of breath, weakness, fatigue
