Principles of Management Final Exam
(MGMT Chuck Williams Chapters 15-18).
Acquaintance time - ANSWER-how much time you must spend getting to know
someone before the person is prepared to do business with you. Varies by culture.
active listening - ANSWER-assuming half the responsibility of making communication
go well by giving non-judgemental feedback--echoing, restating, and clarifying.
address terms - ANSWER-cultural norms that establish whether you should address
businesspeople by their first names, family names, or titles.
affective cultures - ANSWER-cultures that tend to display emotions and feelings when
communicating (Spain, Italy).
appointment time - ANSWER-a cultural norm for how punctual you must be when
showing up for scheduled appointments or meetings.
attribution theory - ANSWER-the theory that we explain someone's behavior by
crediting either the situation (external, out of his/her control) or the person's disposition
(internal, his/her fault).
blog - ANSWER-a Web log, which is published online. Can feature opinions,
recommendations, news summaries, and reader comments. Is a method of electronic
communication in a company and a way to hear what people are thinking and saying,
both inside and outside the organization.
closure - ANSWER-the tendency to fill in gaps with our imagination when the
information we get is incomplete.
coaching - ANSWER-a form of one-on-one communication, for the direct purpose of
improving someone's performance or behavior on the job.
communication medium - ANSWER-the method used to deliver an oral or written
message. Must be taken into acount when trying to decide the best way to deliver a
specific message.
(ex: email is better for short messages, face-to-face better for personal conversations,
etc.)
communication - ANSWER-a process through which you send messages to and receive
messages from others.
, company hotlines - ANSWER-phone numbers that anyone in the company can call
anonymously to leave information for upper management.
conduit metaphor - ANSWER-the mistaken assumption that senders can pipe their
intended messages directly into the heads of receivers with perfect clarity and without
noise or perceptual filters interfering with the receivers' understanding of the message
constructive feedback - ANSWER-feedback intended to be helpful, corrective, and/or
encouraging
constructive feedback guidelines - ANSWER-Give it directly.
Make it specific.
Give it when the receiver is willing/able to accept it.
Make sure it is valid.
Give it in small doses.
counseling - ANSWER-communicating with someone about non-job-related issues that
may be affecting or interfering with the person's performance
cross-cultural communication - ANSWER-communication that occurs among people of
different cultures.
decoding - ANSWER-the process by which the receiver interprets the sender's
message. Making sense of what has been said to you.
defensive bias - ANSWER-the tendency for people to perceive themselves as
personally and situationally similar to someone who is having difficulty or trouble.
Perceiving someone as innocent just because you empathize with them.
destructive feedback - ANSWER-feedback that disapproves without any intention of
being helpful and almost always causes a negative or defensive reaction in the recipient
discussion time - ANSWER-a cultural norm for how much time should be spent in
discussion with others.
(ex: in the US, we limit this to be efficient. In Brazil, where relationship building is
considered important, meetings are allowed to run on and sometimes even go off topic.)
downward communication - ANSWER-communication that flows from higher to lower
levels in an organization. Primarily used to give orders.
(ex: CEO sends email to middle manager, who sends to their employees)
empathetic listening - ANSWER-understanding the speaker's perspective and personal
frame of reference and giving feedback that conveys that understanding to the speaker
(MGMT Chuck Williams Chapters 15-18).
Acquaintance time - ANSWER-how much time you must spend getting to know
someone before the person is prepared to do business with you. Varies by culture.
active listening - ANSWER-assuming half the responsibility of making communication
go well by giving non-judgemental feedback--echoing, restating, and clarifying.
address terms - ANSWER-cultural norms that establish whether you should address
businesspeople by their first names, family names, or titles.
affective cultures - ANSWER-cultures that tend to display emotions and feelings when
communicating (Spain, Italy).
appointment time - ANSWER-a cultural norm for how punctual you must be when
showing up for scheduled appointments or meetings.
attribution theory - ANSWER-the theory that we explain someone's behavior by
crediting either the situation (external, out of his/her control) or the person's disposition
(internal, his/her fault).
blog - ANSWER-a Web log, which is published online. Can feature opinions,
recommendations, news summaries, and reader comments. Is a method of electronic
communication in a company and a way to hear what people are thinking and saying,
both inside and outside the organization.
closure - ANSWER-the tendency to fill in gaps with our imagination when the
information we get is incomplete.
coaching - ANSWER-a form of one-on-one communication, for the direct purpose of
improving someone's performance or behavior on the job.
communication medium - ANSWER-the method used to deliver an oral or written
message. Must be taken into acount when trying to decide the best way to deliver a
specific message.
(ex: email is better for short messages, face-to-face better for personal conversations,
etc.)
communication - ANSWER-a process through which you send messages to and receive
messages from others.
, company hotlines - ANSWER-phone numbers that anyone in the company can call
anonymously to leave information for upper management.
conduit metaphor - ANSWER-the mistaken assumption that senders can pipe their
intended messages directly into the heads of receivers with perfect clarity and without
noise or perceptual filters interfering with the receivers' understanding of the message
constructive feedback - ANSWER-feedback intended to be helpful, corrective, and/or
encouraging
constructive feedback guidelines - ANSWER-Give it directly.
Make it specific.
Give it when the receiver is willing/able to accept it.
Make sure it is valid.
Give it in small doses.
counseling - ANSWER-communicating with someone about non-job-related issues that
may be affecting or interfering with the person's performance
cross-cultural communication - ANSWER-communication that occurs among people of
different cultures.
decoding - ANSWER-the process by which the receiver interprets the sender's
message. Making sense of what has been said to you.
defensive bias - ANSWER-the tendency for people to perceive themselves as
personally and situationally similar to someone who is having difficulty or trouble.
Perceiving someone as innocent just because you empathize with them.
destructive feedback - ANSWER-feedback that disapproves without any intention of
being helpful and almost always causes a negative or defensive reaction in the recipient
discussion time - ANSWER-a cultural norm for how much time should be spent in
discussion with others.
(ex: in the US, we limit this to be efficient. In Brazil, where relationship building is
considered important, meetings are allowed to run on and sometimes even go off topic.)
downward communication - ANSWER-communication that flows from higher to lower
levels in an organization. Primarily used to give orders.
(ex: CEO sends email to middle manager, who sends to their employees)
empathetic listening - ANSWER-understanding the speaker's perspective and personal
frame of reference and giving feedback that conveys that understanding to the speaker
