Exam 1 Review Sheet
- (9-2) Copyrights in digital information are basically the same laws as copyright law but it applies to
online things such as softwares, database information and things such as movies and games. Digital
copyrights laws are broken whenever a party downloads software or music into a computer's random
access memory, or RAM, without authorization, a copyright is infringed.
- Cybersquatting is a type of of illegal online sale method in which one registers a domain name that
is the same as, or confusingly similar to, the trademark of another and then offering to sell that
domain name back to the trademark owner
Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) makes cybersquatting illegal when both of the
following are true:
1. The domain name is identical or confusingly similar to the trademark of another
2. The one registering, trafficking in, or using the domain name has a "bad faith intent" to profit from
that tradema - ✔✔How do US officials combat illegal online sales?
- Common law is the composition of past decisions in court cases that have been established as
precedents to determine the ways of deciding similar cases in the present.
- Precedents are past decisions that are used in determining present day cases.
- Legal courts have to follow stare decisis, so they HAVE to rule the same verdict from a past case in
a case present-day case that is similar UNLESS they have good reasons to rule against the previous
decision - ✔✔What is Common law? What is precedent? And how is it used?
%
- Triple bottom line = people, planet, profit
Citizen with responsibility to take care of society (social impact)
-Combines a commitment to good citizenship with a commitment to making ethical decisions,
improving society, and minimizing environmental impact. (page 51)
-Corporations must demonstrate that they are promoting goals that society deems worthwhile and are
moving toward solutions to social problems.
-Companies may be judged on how much they donate to social causes, as well as how they conduct
their operations with respect to employment discrimination, human rights, environmental concerns,
and similar issues. - ✔✔What is corporate social responsibility and what factors do you consider
when selecting activities?
-A summons is a legal document that is issued by a court requiring the defendant to appear in court
and answer the complaint.
-The defendant must file an answer to the complaint within a specified time period (twenty days in the
federal courts) or suffer a default judgment. A default judgment would mean that the plaintiff would be
awarded the damages alleged in their complaint because the defendant failed to respond to the
allegations.
-The ramifications of being served a summons and a "complaint" initiating a lawsuit:
, Legal obligation to respond:
Legal defense
Impact on reputation
Financial impact
Court proceedings - ✔✔What is a summons? What is the ramification of being served a summons
and a "complaint" initiating a lawsuit?
-Equal Protection refers to the idea that a governmental body may not deny people equal protection
of its governing laws. The governing body state must treat an individual in the same manner as others
in similar conditions and circumstances.
-The Free Exercise Clause protects citizens' right to practice their religion as they please, so long as
the practice does not run afoul of a "public morals" or a "compelling" governmental interest.
-The Commerce Clause gives Congress broad power to regulate interstate commerce and restricts
states from impairing interstate commerce. Early Supreme Court cases primarily viewed the
Commerce Clause as limiting state power rather than as a source of federal power.
-Freedom of speech is the right to speak, write, and share ideas and opinions without facing
punishment from the government. The First Amendment protects this right by prohibiting Congress
from making laws that would curtai - ✔✔What is equal protection clause, free exercise clause,
interstate commerce clause, and free speech?
-Executive Agency- An administrative agency within the executive branch of government.
%
Example: The U.S Food and Drug Administration is an agency within the US Department of Health
and Human Services
-An Administrative agency that is not considered part of the government's executive branch and is not
subject to the authority of the president
-Example: Federal Trade Comission, Securities and Exchange Comission - ✔✔What is an executive
agency versus an independent agency?
-Federal law overrides state and local laws
-Supremacy clause - Under Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, establishes that when there is a direct
conflict between a federal law and a state law, the state law is rendered invalid
-Federal preemption - Some powers are concurrent (shared by federal and state) so it must be
determined which law should be in governance; when Congress chooses to act exclusively in a
concurrent area, a valid federal statute or regulation will take precedence over a conflicting state or
local law or regulation on the same general subject; doctrine that refers to the idea that a higher
authority of law will displace the law of a lower authority of law when the two authorities come into
conflict. - ✔✔What happens if a law conflicts with Federal law?
-Forgery: This occurs when one individual falsifies or alters a document to illegally benefit the
individual creating the forgery.
- (9-2) Copyrights in digital information are basically the same laws as copyright law but it applies to
online things such as softwares, database information and things such as movies and games. Digital
copyrights laws are broken whenever a party downloads software or music into a computer's random
access memory, or RAM, without authorization, a copyright is infringed.
- Cybersquatting is a type of of illegal online sale method in which one registers a domain name that
is the same as, or confusingly similar to, the trademark of another and then offering to sell that
domain name back to the trademark owner
Anticybersquatting Consumer Protection Act (ACPA) makes cybersquatting illegal when both of the
following are true:
1. The domain name is identical or confusingly similar to the trademark of another
2. The one registering, trafficking in, or using the domain name has a "bad faith intent" to profit from
that tradema - ✔✔How do US officials combat illegal online sales?
- Common law is the composition of past decisions in court cases that have been established as
precedents to determine the ways of deciding similar cases in the present.
- Precedents are past decisions that are used in determining present day cases.
- Legal courts have to follow stare decisis, so they HAVE to rule the same verdict from a past case in
a case present-day case that is similar UNLESS they have good reasons to rule against the previous
decision - ✔✔What is Common law? What is precedent? And how is it used?
%
- Triple bottom line = people, planet, profit
Citizen with responsibility to take care of society (social impact)
-Combines a commitment to good citizenship with a commitment to making ethical decisions,
improving society, and minimizing environmental impact. (page 51)
-Corporations must demonstrate that they are promoting goals that society deems worthwhile and are
moving toward solutions to social problems.
-Companies may be judged on how much they donate to social causes, as well as how they conduct
their operations with respect to employment discrimination, human rights, environmental concerns,
and similar issues. - ✔✔What is corporate social responsibility and what factors do you consider
when selecting activities?
-A summons is a legal document that is issued by a court requiring the defendant to appear in court
and answer the complaint.
-The defendant must file an answer to the complaint within a specified time period (twenty days in the
federal courts) or suffer a default judgment. A default judgment would mean that the plaintiff would be
awarded the damages alleged in their complaint because the defendant failed to respond to the
allegations.
-The ramifications of being served a summons and a "complaint" initiating a lawsuit:
, Legal obligation to respond:
Legal defense
Impact on reputation
Financial impact
Court proceedings - ✔✔What is a summons? What is the ramification of being served a summons
and a "complaint" initiating a lawsuit?
-Equal Protection refers to the idea that a governmental body may not deny people equal protection
of its governing laws. The governing body state must treat an individual in the same manner as others
in similar conditions and circumstances.
-The Free Exercise Clause protects citizens' right to practice their religion as they please, so long as
the practice does not run afoul of a "public morals" or a "compelling" governmental interest.
-The Commerce Clause gives Congress broad power to regulate interstate commerce and restricts
states from impairing interstate commerce. Early Supreme Court cases primarily viewed the
Commerce Clause as limiting state power rather than as a source of federal power.
-Freedom of speech is the right to speak, write, and share ideas and opinions without facing
punishment from the government. The First Amendment protects this right by prohibiting Congress
from making laws that would curtai - ✔✔What is equal protection clause, free exercise clause,
interstate commerce clause, and free speech?
-Executive Agency- An administrative agency within the executive branch of government.
%
Example: The U.S Food and Drug Administration is an agency within the US Department of Health
and Human Services
-An Administrative agency that is not considered part of the government's executive branch and is not
subject to the authority of the president
-Example: Federal Trade Comission, Securities and Exchange Comission - ✔✔What is an executive
agency versus an independent agency?
-Federal law overrides state and local laws
-Supremacy clause - Under Article VI of the U.S. Constitution, establishes that when there is a direct
conflict between a federal law and a state law, the state law is rendered invalid
-Federal preemption - Some powers are concurrent (shared by federal and state) so it must be
determined which law should be in governance; when Congress chooses to act exclusively in a
concurrent area, a valid federal statute or regulation will take precedence over a conflicting state or
local law or regulation on the same general subject; doctrine that refers to the idea that a higher
authority of law will displace the law of a lower authority of law when the two authorities come into
conflict. - ✔✔What happens if a law conflicts with Federal law?
-Forgery: This occurs when one individual falsifies or alters a document to illegally benefit the
individual creating the forgery.
