NR341 EXAM 2 COMPLEX ADULT HEALTH LATEST EXAM QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
1. Assessing fluid volume statusANSWER - vital signs
@#
- Central venous pressure $%
- Pulmonary artery pressure ^&*
- Breath sounds ()_
- Oxygen saturation
- Skin turgor
- Edema
- Weight
- Lab results
- Urine output
2. Hemodynamic monitoringANSWER - common in critical care units
- Purpose is to assess heart function, fluid balance, and effects of fluids and drugs on
the CO
- Can be non invasive or invasive devices
- Helps determine if heart and lungs are delivering enough oxygen to the tissues
3 typesANSWER
1. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)
2. Direct arterial blood pressure
3. Central venous pressure (CVP)/right arterial pressure (RAP)
3. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) hemodynamic monitoringANSWER -
measures pressure in the pulmonary arteries (artery that delivers blood to the
lungs)
- Left atrial side
- High pressure = FVE
- Low pressure = FVD
4. Direct arterial blood pressure hemodynamic monitoringANSWER - continuous
arterial blood pressures that are more accurate than cuff pressures
- Placed in radial, brachial, or femoral arteries
- Cannot be used to administer fluids
5. Central venous pressure (CVP)/right arterial pressure (RAP) hemodynamic
monitoringANSWER - measures pressure in superior/inferior vena cava (vein that
delivers blood back to the heart)
- Right arterial side
- High pressure = FVE; hypervolemia
- Low pressure = FVD; hypovolemia
6. By a transducer; angiocath is put in the artery (usually the radial artery)
Nursing managementANSWER
,- Monitor for bleeding (put a pressure dressing on it and splint it)
, - Check finger tips (numbness/tingling, color)
- Monitor for embolisms and infectionANSWER How do you measure arterial
pressure?
7. PreloadANSWER volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole `
Increased inANSWER
- Hypervolemia
- Regurgitation of cardiac valves
- Heart failure
8. Afterload
** afterload = increased cardiac workloadANSWER resistance the left ventricle mu
overcome to circulate blood
Increased inANSWER
- Hypertension
- Vasoconstriction
9. PneumothoraxANSWER What is the main complication of central line insertion?
10. Increased afterload (increased PVR, increased SVR)ANSWER - increased
resistance
- Narrow blood vessels
CausesANSWER
- HTN
- Pulmonary HTN
- Vasoconstriction
ManifestationsANSWER
- Cool pale skin
- Low urine output
- Weak pulse
TreatmentANSWER
- Dilate the blood vessels --> nitro (watch BP)
11. Increased preload (increased CVP, increased PAP)ANSWER CausesANSWER
- Heart failure
- Valve problems
- FVE
ManifestationsANSWER
CORRECT ANSWERS|A+ GRADE
1. Assessing fluid volume statusANSWER - vital signs
@#
- Central venous pressure $%
- Pulmonary artery pressure ^&*
- Breath sounds ()_
- Oxygen saturation
- Skin turgor
- Edema
- Weight
- Lab results
- Urine output
2. Hemodynamic monitoringANSWER - common in critical care units
- Purpose is to assess heart function, fluid balance, and effects of fluids and drugs on
the CO
- Can be non invasive or invasive devices
- Helps determine if heart and lungs are delivering enough oxygen to the tissues
3 typesANSWER
1. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP)
2. Direct arterial blood pressure
3. Central venous pressure (CVP)/right arterial pressure (RAP)
3. Pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) hemodynamic monitoringANSWER -
measures pressure in the pulmonary arteries (artery that delivers blood to the
lungs)
- Left atrial side
- High pressure = FVE
- Low pressure = FVD
4. Direct arterial blood pressure hemodynamic monitoringANSWER - continuous
arterial blood pressures that are more accurate than cuff pressures
- Placed in radial, brachial, or femoral arteries
- Cannot be used to administer fluids
5. Central venous pressure (CVP)/right arterial pressure (RAP) hemodynamic
monitoringANSWER - measures pressure in superior/inferior vena cava (vein that
delivers blood back to the heart)
- Right arterial side
- High pressure = FVE; hypervolemia
- Low pressure = FVD; hypovolemia
6. By a transducer; angiocath is put in the artery (usually the radial artery)
Nursing managementANSWER
,- Monitor for bleeding (put a pressure dressing on it and splint it)
, - Check finger tips (numbness/tingling, color)
- Monitor for embolisms and infectionANSWER How do you measure arterial
pressure?
7. PreloadANSWER volume of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole `
Increased inANSWER
- Hypervolemia
- Regurgitation of cardiac valves
- Heart failure
8. Afterload
** afterload = increased cardiac workloadANSWER resistance the left ventricle mu
overcome to circulate blood
Increased inANSWER
- Hypertension
- Vasoconstriction
9. PneumothoraxANSWER What is the main complication of central line insertion?
10. Increased afterload (increased PVR, increased SVR)ANSWER - increased
resistance
- Narrow blood vessels
CausesANSWER
- HTN
- Pulmonary HTN
- Vasoconstriction
ManifestationsANSWER
- Cool pale skin
- Low urine output
- Weak pulse
TreatmentANSWER
- Dilate the blood vessels --> nitro (watch BP)
11. Increased preload (increased CVP, increased PAP)ANSWER CausesANSWER
- Heart failure
- Valve problems
- FVE
ManifestationsANSWER
