NUR 155: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025 FIRST CLASS PASS

NUR 155: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025 FIRST CLASS PASS 2025 EXAM   NUR 155: FLUID AND ELECTROLYTE EXAM QUESTIONS AND 100% APPROVED CORRECT ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025 FIRST CLASS PASS Hypokalemia - CORRECT ANSWER muscle weakness leg cramps Anorexia N&V Decreased bowel sounds and mobility Cardiac dysrhythmias Depressed DTR Weak irregular pulse Low potassium less then 3.5 mEq/L Hypokalemia nursing interventions - CORRECT ANSWER monitor heart rate and rhythm, monitor clients receiving digitalis, administer oral potassium as ordered with fluid to prevent gastric irritation, administer IV potassium solutions, teach the client about potassium-rich foods, teach clients how to prevent excessive loss of potassium Hyperkalemia S/S - CORRECT ANSWER GI hyperactivity diarrhea Irritability apathy confusion Cardiac dysrhythmia or arrest Mussel weakness areflexia decreased HR irregular pulse paresthesias and numbness in extremities Hyperkalemia nursing interventions - CORRECT ANSWER closely monitor cardiac status and ECG, administer diuretics, administer glucose or insulin, hold potassium supplements and potassium conserving diuretics, teach clients to avoid foods high in potassium ECF (extracellular fluid) contains - CORRECT ANSWER sodium, chloride, and bicarbonate ICF (intracellular fluid) contains - CORRECT ANSWER potassium, magnesium, phosphate Sodium labs - CORRECT ANSWER 135-145 mEq/L Potassium labs - CORRECT ANSWER 3.5-5 mEq/L Calcium labs - CORRECT ANSWER 8.9-10.5 mEq/L Hypercalcemia S/S - CORRECT ANSWER Lethargy, weakness, depressed DTR, bone pain, anorexia, N&V, constipation, polyuria, hypercalciuria, flank side pain secondary to urinary calculi, dysrhythmias, possible MI Greater than 10.5 mEq/L Hypercalcemia nursing interventions - CORRECT ANSWER increase client movement and exercise, encourage oral fluids as permitted to maintain a dilute urine, teach clients to limit intake of calcium, encourage ingestion of fiber to prevent constipation, protect a confused client, monitor for pathologic fractures, encourage intake of acid-ash fluids to counteract deposits of calcium salts in urine Hypocalcemia S/S - CORRECT ANSWER Numbness, Tingling of extremities and around mouth, Convulsions, Positive Chvostek sign, Positive Trousseau sign, *Pt at risk for tetany. Hypocalcemia nursing interventions - CORRECT ANSWER monitor respiratory and cardiovascular status, take precautions to protect a confused client, administer oral or parenteral calcium supplements, teach clients about dietary sources high in calcium and regular exercise Magnesium Labs - CORRECT ANSWER 1.5-2.5 mEq/L Hypomagnesemia S/S - CORRECT ANSWER neuromuscular irritability w tremors, increased reflexes, tremors, convulsions, Positive Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, Tachycardia, elevated BP, dysrhythmias, disorientation, confusion, vertigo, anorexia, dysphagia, respiratory difficulties Less than 1.5 mEq/L Hypomagnesemia nursing intermentions - CORRECT ANSWER Assess pt receiving digitalis for toxicity, seizuzer precisions, assess swallow water before feeding, encourage mag. rich foods (whole grains, meat, seafood, leafy greens), refer pt to alcohol stopping program if indicated