TEST BANK
,MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
1) In a sample of 775 senior citizens, approximately 67% said that they had seen a television 1)
commercial for life insurance. About how many senior citizens is this?
A) Not enough information available. B) 519
C) 67 D) 256
Answer: B
2) A two-way table could be used for which of the following pairs of variables? 2)
A) Gender and age B) Age and favorite class
C) Gender and favorite class D) Age and height
Answer: C
Indicate whether the study described is an observational study or a controlled experiment.
3) "People with diabetes are at higher risk for certain cancers than those without the blood sugar 3)
disease, suggests a new study based on a telephone survey of nearly 400,000 adults."
A) Controlled experiment B) Observational study
Answer: B
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Answer the question.
4) The number of clinically obese men in State A is 156,261 and the number of clinically obese 4)
men in State B is 294,269. Someone makes the claim that this is evidence that men exercise
more in State A. What information is missing that might contradict this claim?
Answer: We need to know the total number of men in State A and State B so that a
comparison can be made of the percentage of the men in each state that are clinically
obese. There could be a much higher male population in State B than State A. Also,
assumptions about exercise and obesity are being made.
1
,MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the data in Table 1A to answer the question.
Note: 1 is female, 0 is male.
5) Suppose you wanted to know whether the student's commute distance was associated with the 5)
student's living situation. Using the data table if possible, which variables would you use?
A) Use Commute Distance (Miles) and Living Situation.
B) Data on student's living situation are not included in this study.
C) Use Commute Distance (Miles) and College Units Acquired.
D) Use College Units Acquired and Living Situation.
Answer: A
In a study of 1350 elementary school children, 118 out of the 615 girls in the study said they want to be a teacher when
they grow up.
6) What percent of girls want to be a teacher when they grow up? 6)
A) 45.6% B) 80.8% C) 8.7% D) 19.2%
Answer: D
Determine if the following scenario is an observational study or a controlled experiment.
7) A doctor is interested in determining whether a certain medication increases the risk of high blood 7)
pressure. He randomly selects 100 people for his study - 50 who will take the medication, and 50
who will take a placebo. He checks the patients' blood pressures weekly for six months.
A) Observational study B) Neither C) Controlled experiment
Answer: C
Solve the problem.
8) The number of parents who attended parent teacher conferences at a local elementary school is an 8)
example of what type of variable?
A) Numerical variable B) Categorical variable C) Neither
Answer: A
2
, SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Determine if the following scenario is an observational study or a controlled experiment and explain your reasoning.
9) A doctor is interested in determining whether a certain medication is effective at treating 9)
abdominal pain. He reviews his patients' medical records and finds that a higher
proportion of people who took the medication fewer abdominal pain symptoms than those
who did not take the medication.
Answer: This is an observational study because the doctor did not randomly assign patients
into groups. Instead, he simply looked at medical files.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
10) A two-way table is useful for describing which types of variables? 10)
A) One numerical variable.
B) Two categorical variables.
C) One numerical variable and one categorical variable.
D) Two numerical variables.
Answer: B
11) The following data table is organized using which method? 11)
Gender Age
Male 35
Female 42
Female 33
Male 37
Female 39
A) This is stacked data because each row represents one person.
B) This is unstacked data because the ages are separated by groups (in this case, gender).
C) This is stacked data because the ages are separated by groups (in this case, gender).
D) This is unstacked data because each row represents one person.
Answer: A
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
12) According to the following two-way table, why are percentages more useful than counts to 12)
compare the amount of males and females who eat breakfast?
Answer: The group sizes are different. There are 55 males, but only 45 females.
3
,MULTIPLE CHOICE.
Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
1) In a sample of 775 senior citizens, approximately 67% said that they had seen a television 1)
commercial for life insurance. About how many senior citizens is this?
A) Not enough information available. B) 519
C) 67 D) 256
Answer: B
2) A two-way table could be used for which of the following pairs of variables? 2)
A) Gender and age B) Age and favorite class
C) Gender and favorite class D) Age and height
Answer: C
Indicate whether the study described is an observational study or a controlled experiment.
3) "People with diabetes are at higher risk for certain cancers than those without the blood sugar 3)
disease, suggests a new study based on a telephone survey of nearly 400,000 adults."
A) Controlled experiment B) Observational study
Answer: B
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Answer the question.
4) The number of clinically obese men in State A is 156,261 and the number of clinically obese 4)
men in State B is 294,269. Someone makes the claim that this is evidence that men exercise
more in State A. What information is missing that might contradict this claim?
Answer: We need to know the total number of men in State A and State B so that a
comparison can be made of the percentage of the men in each state that are clinically
obese. There could be a much higher male population in State B than State A. Also,
assumptions about exercise and obesity are being made.
1
,MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Use the data in Table 1A to answer the question.
Note: 1 is female, 0 is male.
5) Suppose you wanted to know whether the student's commute distance was associated with the 5)
student's living situation. Using the data table if possible, which variables would you use?
A) Use Commute Distance (Miles) and Living Situation.
B) Data on student's living situation are not included in this study.
C) Use Commute Distance (Miles) and College Units Acquired.
D) Use College Units Acquired and Living Situation.
Answer: A
In a study of 1350 elementary school children, 118 out of the 615 girls in the study said they want to be a teacher when
they grow up.
6) What percent of girls want to be a teacher when they grow up? 6)
A) 45.6% B) 80.8% C) 8.7% D) 19.2%
Answer: D
Determine if the following scenario is an observational study or a controlled experiment.
7) A doctor is interested in determining whether a certain medication increases the risk of high blood 7)
pressure. He randomly selects 100 people for his study - 50 who will take the medication, and 50
who will take a placebo. He checks the patients' blood pressures weekly for six months.
A) Observational study B) Neither C) Controlled experiment
Answer: C
Solve the problem.
8) The number of parents who attended parent teacher conferences at a local elementary school is an 8)
example of what type of variable?
A) Numerical variable B) Categorical variable C) Neither
Answer: A
2
, SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
Determine if the following scenario is an observational study or a controlled experiment and explain your reasoning.
9) A doctor is interested in determining whether a certain medication is effective at treating 9)
abdominal pain. He reviews his patients' medical records and finds that a higher
proportion of people who took the medication fewer abdominal pain symptoms than those
who did not take the medication.
Answer: This is an observational study because the doctor did not randomly assign patients
into groups. Instead, he simply looked at medical files.
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.
Solve the problem.
10) A two-way table is useful for describing which types of variables? 10)
A) One numerical variable.
B) Two categorical variables.
C) One numerical variable and one categorical variable.
D) Two numerical variables.
Answer: B
11) The following data table is organized using which method? 11)
Gender Age
Male 35
Female 42
Female 33
Male 37
Female 39
A) This is stacked data because each row represents one person.
B) This is unstacked data because the ages are separated by groups (in this case, gender).
C) This is stacked data because the ages are separated by groups (in this case, gender).
D) This is unstacked data because each row represents one person.
Answer: A
SHORT ANSWER. Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question.
12) According to the following two-way table, why are percentages more useful than counts to 12)
compare the amount of males and females who eat breakfast?
Answer: The group sizes are different. There are 55 males, but only 45 females.
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