TESTw k BANKw k FOR
ImmunologywkandwkSerologywkinwkLaboratorywkMedicine,wk7thwkEditionwkbywkMarywkLouisewkTurg
eon
Chapterwk1-27
Chapterwk01:wkHighlightswkofwkthewkInnatewkandwkAdaptivewkImmunewkSystems
MULTIPLEwkCHOICE
1. Thewk―father‖wkofwkimmunologywkiswkgenerallywkconsideredwktowkbe
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS:w k B
LouiswkPasteurwkiswkgenerallywkconsideredwktowkbewkthewk―fatherwkofwkimmunology.‖
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
2. Anwkearlywkformwkofwkimmunizationwkwaswkpracticedwkbywkthe
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. NativewkAmericans.
ANS:w k C
Beginningwkaboutwk1000wkAD,wkthewkChinesewkpracticedwkawkformwkofwkimmunizationwkbywki
nhalingwkdriedwkpowderswkderivedwkfromwkthewkcrustswkofwksmallpoxwklesions.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
3. Awkspecificwkfunctionwkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkiswkto
a. recognizewkselfwkfromwknonself.
b. defendwkthewkbodywkagainstwknonself.
c. amplifywkspecificwkfunctions.
d. BothwkAwkandwkB.
ANS:w k D
Thewkfunctionwkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkiswktowkrecognizewkselfwkfromwknonselfwkandwkdef
endwkthewkbodywkagainstwknonself.wkSuchwkawksystemwkiswknecessarywkforwksurvival.wkThewki
mmunewksystemwkalsowkhaswknonspecificwkeffectorwkmechanismswkthatwkusuallywkamplifywkth
ewkspecificwkfunctions.wkNonspecificwkcomponentswkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkincludewkmo
nonuclearwkphagocytes,wkpolymorphonuclearwkleukocytes,wkandwksolublewkfactorswk(e.g.,wkco
mplement).
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
4. Anwkundesirablewkconsequencewkofwkimmunitywkis
a. naturalwkresistance.
b. acquiredwkresistancewktowkinfectiouswkdiseases.
PlusBay.Plus
, c. anwkautoimmunewkdisorder.
d. recoverywkfromwkinfectiouswkdisease.
ANS:w k C
Thewkdesirablewkconsequenceswkofwkimmunitywkincludewknaturalwkresistance,wkrecovery,wkand
wkacquiredwkresistancewktowkinfectiouswkdiseases.wkAwkdeficiencywkorwkdysfunctionwkofwkthewki
mmunewksystemwkcanwkcausewkmanywkdisorders.wkUndesirablewkconsequenceswkofwkimmunity
wkincludewkallergy,wkrejectionwkofwkawktransplantedwkorgan,wkorwkanwkautoimmunewkdisorder.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
5. Thewkimmunewksystemwkhaswkvariouswkdistinctivewkcharacteristicswkexcept;
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperationwkamongwkdifferentwkcells.
ANS:w k D
Thewkimmunewksystemwkiswkcomposedwkofwkawklarge,wkcomplexwksetwkofwkwidelywkdistributed
wkelements,wkwithwkthewkdistinctivewkcharacteristicswkofwkspecificity,wkmemory,wkmobility,wkr
eplicability,wkandwkcooperationwkamongwkdifferentwkcellswkorwkcellularwkproducts.wkSpecificit
ywkandwkmemorywkarewkcharacteristicswkofwklymphocyteswkinwkthewkimmunewksystem.wkNonsp
ecificwkelementswkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkdemonstratewkmobility.wkInwkaddition,wkspecific
wkandwknonspecificwkcellularwkcomponentswkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkcanwkreplicate.wkCoop
erationwkiswkrequiredwkforwkoptimalwkfunctioning,wkandwkinteractionwkinvolveswkspecificwkcell
ularwkelements,wkcellwkproducts,wkandwknonlymphoidwkelements.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
6. Hematopoiesiswkoccurswkinwkthewkyolkwksacwkduringwkthe
a. immediatewkhourswkafterwkconception
b. secondwkmonthwkofwkgestation.
c. secondwktrimesterwkofwkgestation.
d. periodswkofwkseverewkanemiawkinwkchildren.
ANS:w k A
Thewksiteswkofwkbloodwkcellwkdevelopment,wkorwkhematopoiesis,wkfollowwkawkdefinitewksequen
cewkinwkthewkembryowkandwkfetus.wkHematopoiesiswkoccurswkinwkthewkyolkwksacwkduringwkthew
ksecondwkmonthwkofwkgestation.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
7. Thewksequencewkofwkbloodwkcellwkdevelopmentwkinwkthewkembryowkandwkfetuswkis
a. yolkwksac,wkliver-spleen,wkbonewkmarrow.
b. yolkwksac,wkbonewkmarrow,wkliver/spleen.
c. liver-spleen,wkyolkwksac,wkbonewkmarrow.
d. bonewkmarrow,wkliver-spleen,wkyolkwksac.
ANS:w k A
PlusBay.Plus
, Thewkfirstwkbloodwkcellswkarewkprimitivewkredwkbloodwkcellswk(erythroblasts;wkRBCs)wkforme
dwkinwkthewkisletswkofwkthewkyolkwksacwkduringwkthewkfirstwk2wktowk8wkweekswkofwklife.wkGrad
ually,wkthewkliverwkandwkspleenwkreplacewkthewkyolkwksacwkaswkthewksiteswkofwkbloodwkcellwkd
evelopment.wkBywkthewksecondwkmonthwkofwkgestation,wkthewkliverwkbecomeswkthewkmajorwk
sitewkofwkhematopoiesis,wkandwkgranularwktypeswkofwkleukocyteswkhavewkmadewktheirwkinitial
wkappearance.wkThewkliverwkandwkspleenwkpredominatewkfromwkaboutwk2wktowk5wkmonthswkof
wkfetalwklife.wkInwkthewkfourthwkmonthwkofwkgestation,wkbonewkmarrowwkbeginswktowkproduce
wkbloodwkcells.wkAfterwkthewkfifthwkfetalwkmonth,wkbonewkmarrowwkbeginswktowkassumewkitsw
kultimatewkrolewkaswkthewkprimarywksitewkofwkhematopoiesis.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
8. Thewkprimarywkfunctionwkofwkmaturewkneutrophilswkis
a. towkreducewkinflammation.
b. towklysewkparasiteswkinwkthewkcirculatorywksystem.
c. antigenwkrecognition.
d. phagocytosis.
ANS:w k D
Variouswkphagocyticwkcellswkcontinuallywkcirculatewkthroughoutwkthewkblood,wklymph,wkgastr
ointestinalwksystem,wkandwkrespiratorywktract.wkWhenwktraumawkoccurs,wkthewkneutrophilswkarr
ivewkatwkthewksitewkofwkinjurywkandwkcanwkbewkfoundwkinwkthewkinitialwkexudatewkinwklesswktha
nwk1wkhour.wkMonocyteswkarewkslowerwkinwkmovingwktowkthewkinflammatorywksite.wkMacropha
geswkresidentwkinwkthewktissueswkofwkthewkbodywkarewkalreadywkinwkplacewktowkdealwkwithwkan
wkintrudingwkagent.wkAdditionalwkmacrophageswkfromwkthewkbonewkmarrowwkandwkotherwktissu
eswkcanwkbewkreleasedwkinwkseverewkinfections.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
9. Primarywkgranules,wkorwkazurophilicwkgranules,wkinwkneutrophilswkcontain
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. BothwkAwkandwkB.
ANS:w k D
Granuleswkinwkthewkphagocytewkcytosolwkcontainwkdegradatorywkenzymeswkofwkthreewktypes
1. Primary,wkorwkazurophilic,wkgranuleswkcontainingwkenzymeswk(e.g.,wkl
ysozyme,wkmyeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary,wkorwkspecific,wkgranuleswkcontainingwksubstanceswksuchwkaswklactoferrin.
3. Tertiarywkgranuleswkcontainingwksubstanceswksuchwkaswkcaspases
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
10. Thewkoriginwkofwkawkconditionwkwhenwkeosinophilswkarewkincreasedwkinwkthewkcirculatingwkbl
oodwkiswkassociatedwkwith:
a. fungus
b. parasiticwkamoeba
c. allergicwkreactions
d. bacteria
ANS:w k C
PlusBay.Plus
, Anwkincreasewkinwkeosinophilswkiswkassociatedwkwithwkawkwidewkvarietywkofwkconditions,wkbu
twkespeciallywkwithwkallergicwkreactions,wkdrugwkreactions,wkcertainwkskinwkdisorders,wkparas
iticwkinfestations,wkcollagenwkvascularwkdiseases,wkHodgkinwkdisease,wkandwkmyeloproliferat
ivewkdiseases.
Awkfunctionalwkpropertywkrelatedwktowkthewkmembranewkreceptorswkofwkthewkeosinophilwkiswk
thewkcell’swkabilitywktowkinteractwkwithwkthewklarvalwkstageswkofwksomewkhelminthwkparasites
wkandwkdamagewkthemwkbywkoxidativewkmechanisms.wkCertainwkproteinswkreleasedwkfromwke
osinophilicwkgranuleswkdamagewkantibody-
coatedwkSchistosomawkparasiteswkandwkmaywkaccountwkforwkdamagewktowkendothelialwkcellsw
kinwkhypereosinophilicwksyndromes.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
11. Awkbasophilwkdegranulateswkinwka(n)
a. inflammatorywkreaction.
b. immediatewk(acute)wkhypersensitivitywkreaction.
c. chronicwktissuewkrejection.
d. BothwkAwkandwkB.
ANS:w k B
Basophilswkhavewkhighwkconcentrationswkofwkheparinwkandwkhistaminewkinwktheirwkgranules.wk
Ifwkeventswkarewktriggeredwkbywkantigenswkfromwkpollen,wkfood,wkdrugs,wkorwkinsectwkvenom,
wkthewkresultwkiswkanwkimmediatewkhypersensitivitywkreaction.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
12. Mononuclearwkcellswkarewkeffectivewkphagocyticwkcellswkagainst
a. staphylococci.
b. streptococci.
c. Mycobacteriumwktuberculosis.
d. pneumonia.
ANS:w k C
Mononuclearwkcellswkarewkparticularlywkeffectivewkaswkphagocyticwkcellswkbecausewkofwkthew
klargewkamountswkofwklipasewkinwktheirwkcytoplasm.wkLipasewkiswkablewktowkattackwkbacteria
wkwithwkawklipidwkcapsule,wksuchwkaswkMycobacteriumwktuberculosis.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
13. Macrophages
a. processwkantigens.
b. physicallywkpresentwkbiologicallywkmodifiedwkantigenswktowklymphocytes.
c. secretewkawklymphocyte-activatingwkfactorwk(IL-
1)wkaswkawkresultwkofwkproperwkMHCwkrecognition.
d. Allwkofwkthewkabove.
ANS:w k D
Thewkphagocyticwkpropertywkofwkthewkmacrophagewkiswkparticularlywkimportantwkinwkthewkpro
cessingwkofwkantigenswkaswkpartwkofwkthewkimmunewkresponse.wkMacrophageswkarewkbelievedw
ktowkprocesswkantigenswkandwkphysicallywkpresentwkthiswkbiochemicallywkmodifiedwkandwkmor
ewkreactivewkformwkofwkantigenwktowklymphocyteswk(particularlywkTwkhelperwkcells)wkaswkanwk
initialwkstepwkinwkthewkimmunewkresponse.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
PlusBay.Plus
ImmunologywkandwkSerologywkinwkLaboratorywkMedicine,wk7thwkEditionwkbywkMarywkLouisewkTurg
eon
Chapterwk1-27
Chapterwk01:wkHighlightswkofwkthewkInnatewkandwkAdaptivewkImmunewkSystems
MULTIPLEwkCHOICE
1. Thewk―father‖wkofwkimmunologywkiswkgenerallywkconsideredwktowkbe
a. Koch.
b. Pasteur.
c. Gram.
d. Salk.
ANS:w k B
LouiswkPasteurwkiswkgenerallywkconsideredwktowkbewkthewk―fatherwkofwkimmunology.‖
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
2. Anwkearlywkformwkofwkimmunizationwkwaswkpracticedwkbywkthe
a. Romans.
b. Greeks.
c. Chinese.
d. NativewkAmericans.
ANS:w k C
Beginningwkaboutwk1000wkAD,wkthewkChinesewkpracticedwkawkformwkofwkimmunizationwkbywki
nhalingwkdriedwkpowderswkderivedwkfromwkthewkcrustswkofwksmallpoxwklesions.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
3. Awkspecificwkfunctionwkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkiswkto
a. recognizewkselfwkfromwknonself.
b. defendwkthewkbodywkagainstwknonself.
c. amplifywkspecificwkfunctions.
d. BothwkAwkandwkB.
ANS:w k D
Thewkfunctionwkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkiswktowkrecognizewkselfwkfromwknonselfwkandwkdef
endwkthewkbodywkagainstwknonself.wkSuchwkawksystemwkiswknecessarywkforwksurvival.wkThewki
mmunewksystemwkalsowkhaswknonspecificwkeffectorwkmechanismswkthatwkusuallywkamplifywkth
ewkspecificwkfunctions.wkNonspecificwkcomponentswkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkincludewkmo
nonuclearwkphagocytes,wkpolymorphonuclearwkleukocytes,wkandwksolublewkfactorswk(e.g.,wkco
mplement).
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
4. Anwkundesirablewkconsequencewkofwkimmunitywkis
a. naturalwkresistance.
b. acquiredwkresistancewktowkinfectiouswkdiseases.
PlusBay.Plus
, c. anwkautoimmunewkdisorder.
d. recoverywkfromwkinfectiouswkdisease.
ANS:w k C
Thewkdesirablewkconsequenceswkofwkimmunitywkincludewknaturalwkresistance,wkrecovery,wkand
wkacquiredwkresistancewktowkinfectiouswkdiseases.wkAwkdeficiencywkorwkdysfunctionwkofwkthewki
mmunewksystemwkcanwkcausewkmanywkdisorders.wkUndesirablewkconsequenceswkofwkimmunity
wkincludewkallergy,wkrejectionwkofwkawktransplantedwkorgan,wkorwkanwkautoimmunewkdisorder.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
5. Thewkimmunewksystemwkhaswkvariouswkdistinctivewkcharacteristicswkexcept;
a. specificity.
b. memory.
c. mobility.
d. noncooperationwkamongwkdifferentwkcells.
ANS:w k D
Thewkimmunewksystemwkiswkcomposedwkofwkawklarge,wkcomplexwksetwkofwkwidelywkdistributed
wkelements,wkwithwkthewkdistinctivewkcharacteristicswkofwkspecificity,wkmemory,wkmobility,wkr
eplicability,wkandwkcooperationwkamongwkdifferentwkcellswkorwkcellularwkproducts.wkSpecificit
ywkandwkmemorywkarewkcharacteristicswkofwklymphocyteswkinwkthewkimmunewksystem.wkNonsp
ecificwkelementswkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkdemonstratewkmobility.wkInwkaddition,wkspecific
wkandwknonspecificwkcellularwkcomponentswkofwkthewkimmunewksystemwkcanwkreplicate.wkCoop
erationwkiswkrequiredwkforwkoptimalwkfunctioning,wkandwkinteractionwkinvolveswkspecificwkcell
ularwkelements,wkcellwkproducts,wkandwknonlymphoidwkelements.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
6. Hematopoiesiswkoccurswkinwkthewkyolkwksacwkduringwkthe
a. immediatewkhourswkafterwkconception
b. secondwkmonthwkofwkgestation.
c. secondwktrimesterwkofwkgestation.
d. periodswkofwkseverewkanemiawkinwkchildren.
ANS:w k A
Thewksiteswkofwkbloodwkcellwkdevelopment,wkorwkhematopoiesis,wkfollowwkawkdefinitewksequen
cewkinwkthewkembryowkandwkfetus.wkHematopoiesiswkoccurswkinwkthewkyolkwksacwkduringwkthew
ksecondwkmonthwkofwkgestation.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
7. Thewksequencewkofwkbloodwkcellwkdevelopmentwkinwkthewkembryowkandwkfetuswkis
a. yolkwksac,wkliver-spleen,wkbonewkmarrow.
b. yolkwksac,wkbonewkmarrow,wkliver/spleen.
c. liver-spleen,wkyolkwksac,wkbonewkmarrow.
d. bonewkmarrow,wkliver-spleen,wkyolkwksac.
ANS:w k A
PlusBay.Plus
, Thewkfirstwkbloodwkcellswkarewkprimitivewkredwkbloodwkcellswk(erythroblasts;wkRBCs)wkforme
dwkinwkthewkisletswkofwkthewkyolkwksacwkduringwkthewkfirstwk2wktowk8wkweekswkofwklife.wkGrad
ually,wkthewkliverwkandwkspleenwkreplacewkthewkyolkwksacwkaswkthewksiteswkofwkbloodwkcellwkd
evelopment.wkBywkthewksecondwkmonthwkofwkgestation,wkthewkliverwkbecomeswkthewkmajorwk
sitewkofwkhematopoiesis,wkandwkgranularwktypeswkofwkleukocyteswkhavewkmadewktheirwkinitial
wkappearance.wkThewkliverwkandwkspleenwkpredominatewkfromwkaboutwk2wktowk5wkmonthswkof
wkfetalwklife.wkInwkthewkfourthwkmonthwkofwkgestation,wkbonewkmarrowwkbeginswktowkproduce
wkbloodwkcells.wkAfterwkthewkfifthwkfetalwkmonth,wkbonewkmarrowwkbeginswktowkassumewkitsw
kultimatewkrolewkaswkthewkprimarywksitewkofwkhematopoiesis.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
8. Thewkprimarywkfunctionwkofwkmaturewkneutrophilswkis
a. towkreducewkinflammation.
b. towklysewkparasiteswkinwkthewkcirculatorywksystem.
c. antigenwkrecognition.
d. phagocytosis.
ANS:w k D
Variouswkphagocyticwkcellswkcontinuallywkcirculatewkthroughoutwkthewkblood,wklymph,wkgastr
ointestinalwksystem,wkandwkrespiratorywktract.wkWhenwktraumawkoccurs,wkthewkneutrophilswkarr
ivewkatwkthewksitewkofwkinjurywkandwkcanwkbewkfoundwkinwkthewkinitialwkexudatewkinwklesswktha
nwk1wkhour.wkMonocyteswkarewkslowerwkinwkmovingwktowkthewkinflammatorywksite.wkMacropha
geswkresidentwkinwkthewktissueswkofwkthewkbodywkarewkalreadywkinwkplacewktowkdealwkwithwkan
wkintrudingwkagent.wkAdditionalwkmacrophageswkfromwkthewkbonewkmarrowwkandwkotherwktissu
eswkcanwkbewkreleasedwkinwkseverewkinfections.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
9. Primarywkgranules,wkorwkazurophilicwkgranules,wkinwkneutrophilswkcontain
a. lysozyme.
b. myeloperoxidase.
c. lactoferrin.
d. BothwkAwkandwkB.
ANS:w k D
Granuleswkinwkthewkphagocytewkcytosolwkcontainwkdegradatorywkenzymeswkofwkthreewktypes
1. Primary,wkorwkazurophilic,wkgranuleswkcontainingwkenzymeswk(e.g.,wkl
ysozyme,wkmyeloperoxidase)
2. Secondary,wkorwkspecific,wkgranuleswkcontainingwksubstanceswksuchwkaswklactoferrin.
3. Tertiarywkgranuleswkcontainingwksubstanceswksuchwkaswkcaspases
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
10. Thewkoriginwkofwkawkconditionwkwhenwkeosinophilswkarewkincreasedwkinwkthewkcirculatingwkbl
oodwkiswkassociatedwkwith:
a. fungus
b. parasiticwkamoeba
c. allergicwkreactions
d. bacteria
ANS:w k C
PlusBay.Plus
, Anwkincreasewkinwkeosinophilswkiswkassociatedwkwithwkawkwidewkvarietywkofwkconditions,wkbu
twkespeciallywkwithwkallergicwkreactions,wkdrugwkreactions,wkcertainwkskinwkdisorders,wkparas
iticwkinfestations,wkcollagenwkvascularwkdiseases,wkHodgkinwkdisease,wkandwkmyeloproliferat
ivewkdiseases.
Awkfunctionalwkpropertywkrelatedwktowkthewkmembranewkreceptorswkofwkthewkeosinophilwkiswk
thewkcell’swkabilitywktowkinteractwkwithwkthewklarvalwkstageswkofwksomewkhelminthwkparasites
wkandwkdamagewkthemwkbywkoxidativewkmechanisms.wkCertainwkproteinswkreleasedwkfromwke
osinophilicwkgranuleswkdamagewkantibody-
coatedwkSchistosomawkparasiteswkandwkmaywkaccountwkforwkdamagewktowkendothelialwkcellsw
kinwkhypereosinophilicwksyndromes.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
11. Awkbasophilwkdegranulateswkinwka(n)
a. inflammatorywkreaction.
b. immediatewk(acute)wkhypersensitivitywkreaction.
c. chronicwktissuewkrejection.
d. BothwkAwkandwkB.
ANS:w k B
Basophilswkhavewkhighwkconcentrationswkofwkheparinwkandwkhistaminewkinwktheirwkgranules.wk
Ifwkeventswkarewktriggeredwkbywkantigenswkfromwkpollen,wkfood,wkdrugs,wkorwkinsectwkvenom,
wkthewkresultwkiswkanwkimmediatewkhypersensitivitywkreaction.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
12. Mononuclearwkcellswkarewkeffectivewkphagocyticwkcellswkagainst
a. staphylococci.
b. streptococci.
c. Mycobacteriumwktuberculosis.
d. pneumonia.
ANS:w k C
Mononuclearwkcellswkarewkparticularlywkeffectivewkaswkphagocyticwkcellswkbecausewkofwkthew
klargewkamountswkofwklipasewkinwktheirwkcytoplasm.wkLipasewkiswkablewktowkattackwkbacteria
wkwithwkawklipidwkcapsule,wksuchwkaswkMycobacteriumwktuberculosis.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkI
13. Macrophages
a. processwkantigens.
b. physicallywkpresentwkbiologicallywkmodifiedwkantigenswktowklymphocytes.
c. secretewkawklymphocyte-activatingwkfactorwk(IL-
1)wkaswkawkresultwkofwkproperwkMHCwkrecognition.
d. Allwkofwkthewkabove.
ANS:w k D
Thewkphagocyticwkpropertywkofwkthewkmacrophagewkiswkparticularlywkimportantwkinwkthewkpro
cessingwkofwkantigenswkaswkpartwkofwkthewkimmunewkresponse.wkMacrophageswkarewkbelievedw
ktowkprocesswkantigenswkandwkphysicallywkpresentwkthiswkbiochemicallywkmodifiedwkandwkmor
ewkreactivewkformwkofwkantigenwktowklymphocyteswk(particularlywkTwkhelperwkcells)wkaswkanwk
initialwkstepwkinwkthewkimmunewkresponse.
DIF: CognitivewkLevel:wkII
PlusBay.Plus
