final exam straighterline microbiology
A diagnosis of tuberculosis involves a/an... - ANS-chest X-ray, acid-fast stain of sputum, sputum
culture, tuberculin skin test
\A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last
Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - ANS-branching off the Domain Eukarya.
\A group of protozoa that are not motile are the... - ANS-Plasmodium sp.
\A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a ___ mutation -
ANS-nonsense
\A negative RNA virus must first - ANS-synthesize a positive RNA copy of its genome
\A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called... - ANS-a mutation
\A protozoan having flagellum would be classified in the genus - ANS-Trypanosoma
\A pure culture contains... - ANS-only one identified species of microorganism
\A reducing medium contains - ANS-substances that remove oxygen
\A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of bacterial species is working
on... - ANS-determining evolutionary relatedness
\A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback; the use
of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections. Which explanation most accurately
describes the reason for return of this treatment? - ANS-
\Acute infection... - ANS-rapids onset of severe, short-lived symptoms
\Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host? - ANS-Definitive host
\All of the following are polysaccharides except... - ANS-sterols in cell membranes.
\All of the following pertain to glycolysis except - ANS-it degrades glucose to co2 and h20
\All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases except... - ANS-guanine pairs with uracil
\All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except - ANS-located between the capsid and
nucleic acid
\Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - ANS-viruses
\An effective test to determine whether an individual is allergic to a specific substance is to... -
ANS-test for levels of IgE specific for the allergen
\An example of an amphipathic molecule found in living cells is ___ - ANS-Phospholipid
\An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen free environments is a... -
ANS-facultative anaerobe
\An organism that can use gaseous oxygen in metabolism and has the enzymes to process
toxic oxygen products is an... - ANS-aerobe
\An organism with a temperature growth range of 45 C to 60 C would be called... -
ANS-thermophile
\Antigen presenting cells... - ANS-include dendritic cells. include macrophages. engulf and
modify antigen to be more immunogenic. hold and present processed antigen on their cell
membrane surface.
\Antiviral drugs are often difficult to develop, largely because - ANS-viruses are obligate
intracellular parasites so the drugs must enter the host cell and often cause toxic side effects in
order to destroy the virus
, \Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - ANS-matter
\ATP differs from the nucleotides found in the DNA in the... - ANS-sugar protein of the molecule
\Bacteria that require special growth factors and complex nutrients are termed... -
ANS-fastidious
\Bacteriophages sprayed on cold cuts are effective against... - ANS-Listeria
\Bata-lactams are selectively toxic because... - ANS-they inhibit the formation of peptidoglycan,
which humans do not make
\Before the advent of biotechnology, diabetics would use insulin harvested from cows. Now they
receive human insulin produced through... - ANS-recombinant DNA technology
\Both Taenia and Trichinella can be found as cysts embedded in pork muscle. Which of the
following statements about these organisms is incorrect? - ANS-Both organisms release eggs in
the feces to propagate the helminth
\C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - ANS-a dehydration synthesis
\celluitis... - ANS-is caused by S. aureus or S. pyogenes; causes pain, tenderness, swelling and
warmth, lympangitis; may occur with this infection; surgery may be required for treatment
\Chancroid... - ANS-is caused by haemophilus ducreyi
\Characteristics shared by all cells include - ANS-the presence of cellular fluid, the possession
of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
\Clavulanic acid inhibits... - ANS-beta-lactamase activity
\Covalent bonds - ANS-result from sharing electrons
\direct immunofluorescence test involves a... - ANS-known antibody binding to an unknown
antigen
\DNA polymerase 1 - ANS-removes primers
\During the Gram stain, the appplication of alcohol results in the decolorization of ___ cells -
ANS-Gram-negative
\Endospores are - ANS-metabolically inactive, resistant to heat and chemical destruction,
resistant to destruction by radiation, living structures
\Enterobius vermicularis is... - ANS-an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and
fomites.
\Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for growing
gram negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin and methylene
blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes color when the medium
is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism
consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color. This
medium is... - ANS-differential and selective
\Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for growing
gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin and methylene
blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes color when the medium
is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism
consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - ANS-differential and selective
\Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes because only eukaryotes
have... - ANS-histone proteins, chromosomes in a nucleus, several to many chromosomes,
elongated, no circular, chromosomes
A diagnosis of tuberculosis involves a/an... - ANS-chest X-ray, acid-fast stain of sputum, sputum
culture, tuberculin skin test
\A diagram of the three domains (Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya) proceeding from the Last
Universal Common Ancestor would show Archaea - ANS-branching off the Domain Eukarya.
\A group of protozoa that are not motile are the... - ANS-Plasmodium sp.
\A mutation that changes a normal codon to a stop codon is called a ___ mutation -
ANS-nonsense
\A negative RNA virus must first - ANS-synthesize a positive RNA copy of its genome
\A permanent, inheritable change in the genetic information is called... - ANS-a mutation
\A protozoan having flagellum would be classified in the genus - ANS-Trypanosoma
\A pure culture contains... - ANS-only one identified species of microorganism
\A reducing medium contains - ANS-substances that remove oxygen
\A scientist studying the sequence of nucleotides in the rRNA of bacterial species is working
on... - ANS-determining evolutionary relatedness
\A treatment for bacterial infections from the early 20th century has made a comeback; the use
of bacterial viruses to eliminate bacterial infections. Which explanation most accurately
describes the reason for return of this treatment? - ANS-
\Acute infection... - ANS-rapids onset of severe, short-lived symptoms
\Adulthood and mating of helminths occur in which host? - ANS-Definitive host
\All of the following are polysaccharides except... - ANS-sterols in cell membranes.
\All of the following pertain to glycolysis except - ANS-it degrades glucose to co2 and h20
\All of the following pertain to nitrogenous bases except... - ANS-guanine pairs with uracil
\All of the following pertain to virus envelopes except - ANS-located between the capsid and
nucleic acid
\Among the types of microorganisms, the ___. are noncellullar - ANS-viruses
\An effective test to determine whether an individual is allergic to a specific substance is to... -
ANS-test for levels of IgE specific for the allergen
\An example of an amphipathic molecule found in living cells is ___ - ANS-Phospholipid
\An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen free environments is a... -
ANS-facultative anaerobe
\An organism that can use gaseous oxygen in metabolism and has the enzymes to process
toxic oxygen products is an... - ANS-aerobe
\An organism with a temperature growth range of 45 C to 60 C would be called... -
ANS-thermophile
\Antigen presenting cells... - ANS-include dendritic cells. include macrophages. engulf and
modify antigen to be more immunogenic. hold and present processed antigen on their cell
membrane surface.
\Antiviral drugs are often difficult to develop, largely because - ANS-viruses are obligate
intracellular parasites so the drugs must enter the host cell and often cause toxic side effects in
order to destroy the virus
, \Anything that occupies space and mass is called... - ANS-matter
\ATP differs from the nucleotides found in the DNA in the... - ANS-sugar protein of the molecule
\Bacteria that require special growth factors and complex nutrients are termed... -
ANS-fastidious
\Bacteriophages sprayed on cold cuts are effective against... - ANS-Listeria
\Bata-lactams are selectively toxic because... - ANS-they inhibit the formation of peptidoglycan,
which humans do not make
\Before the advent of biotechnology, diabetics would use insulin harvested from cows. Now they
receive human insulin produced through... - ANS-recombinant DNA technology
\Both Taenia and Trichinella can be found as cysts embedded in pork muscle. Which of the
following statements about these organisms is incorrect? - ANS-Both organisms release eggs in
the feces to propagate the helminth
\C6H12O6+C6H12O6---> C12H22O11+H2O - ANS-a dehydration synthesis
\celluitis... - ANS-is caused by S. aureus or S. pyogenes; causes pain, tenderness, swelling and
warmth, lympangitis; may occur with this infection; surgery may be required for treatment
\Chancroid... - ANS-is caused by haemophilus ducreyi
\Characteristics shared by all cells include - ANS-the presence of cellular fluid, the possession
of genetic information, and a membrane serving as a cell boundary.
\Clavulanic acid inhibits... - ANS-beta-lactamase activity
\Covalent bonds - ANS-result from sharing electrons
\direct immunofluorescence test involves a... - ANS-known antibody binding to an unknown
antigen
\DNA polymerase 1 - ANS-removes primers
\During the Gram stain, the appplication of alcohol results in the decolorization of ___ cells -
ANS-Gram-negative
\Endospores are - ANS-metabolically inactive, resistant to heat and chemical destruction,
resistant to destruction by radiation, living structures
\Enterobius vermicularis is... - ANS-an intestinal worm that easily contaminates fingers and
fomites.
\Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for growing
gram negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin and methylene
blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes color when the medium
is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism
consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color. This
medium is... - ANS-differential and selective
\Eosin-methylene blue agar, or EMB, is a commonly used bacteriological medium for growing
gram-negative bacteria from complex environments. It contains two dyes, eosin and methylene
blue, as well as the sugar lactose. Eosin is a pH indicator that changes color when the medium
is acidic, while methylene blue inhibits the growth of most gram-positive bacteria. If an organism
consumes lactose, acid will be produced, causing the bacterial colonies to change color.
Based upon this description, this medium is ______ - ANS-differential and selective
\Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes because only eukaryotes
have... - ANS-histone proteins, chromosomes in a nucleus, several to many chromosomes,
elongated, no circular, chromosomes
