NU 100 Growth & Development
Final Assessment Review
Questions & Solutions
2025
©2025
, Question 1 (MC)
Case Scenario: A 32‑week preterm neonate in the NICU is considered
at risk for neurological delays. During routine care, the nurse is planning
interventions to optimize brain development while avoiding
overstimulation.
Question: Which intervention should be prioritized?
A. Encouraging frequent handling by multiple caregivers
B. Minimizing environmental stimuli while providing gentle, regulated
sensory input
C. Administering routine sedatives to reduce stress
D. Deferring physical therapy interventions until term age
Correct ANS: B
Rationale: Preterm infants have immature neurological systems that
benefit from a controlled sensory environment. Minimizing excessive
noise and light while still providing gentle stimulation helps prevent
overstimulation and supports optimal neurodevelopment.
---
Question 2 (MC)
Case Scenario: A 2‑year‑old toddler exhibits marked frustration during
routine transitions and is beginning to assert independence, yet also
shows delays in language skills.
Question: Which developmental theory best explains the psychosocial
changes observed in this patient?
A. Piaget’s Preoperational Stage
B. Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
C. Erikson’s Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
D. Freud’s Oral Stage
Correct ANS: C
Rationale: During toddlerhood, the key psychosocial conflict described
©2025
,by Erikson is autonomy vs. shame and doubt. This stage involves
increased independence and self‐assertion, even though some
developmental delays (such as language) may also be present.
---
Question 3 (MC)
Case Scenario: A 15‑year‑old adolescent presents with confusion over
personal identity and role expectations while navigating peer
relationships.
Question: According to Erikson’s developmental stages, what primary
task is this adolescent facing?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Correct ANS: C
Rationale: Erikson’s stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion typically occurs
during adolescence. This developmental period challenges teens to
develop a unified sense of self while integrating various social influences.
---
Question 4 (MC)
Case Scenario: A school‑aged child shows improved logical reasoning
and problem solving during classroom activities.
Question: Which stage of cognitive development best explains these
emerging skills?
A. Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage
B. Piaget’s Preoperational Stage
C. Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stage
D. Piaget’s Formal Operational Stage
Correct ANS: C
©2025
, Rationale: The Concrete Operational Stage (typically ages 7–11 years)
is characterized by logical thought about concrete events, which is
reflected by the child’s improved problem solving and reasoning in
tangible situations.
---
Question 5 (MC)
Case Scenario: During a routine developmental exam in the neonatal
unit, a nurse assesses a term infant’s reflexes.
Question: Which primitive reflex is expected to have disappeared by
approximately 4 months of age?
A. Moro Reflex
B. Rooting Reflex
C. Grasp Reflex
D. Babinski Reflex
Correct ANS: A
Rationale: The Moro (startle) reflex typically integrates by 4 to 6
months of age. Its disappearance is an important indicator of normal
neurological development.
---
Question 6 (MC)
Case Scenario: A community nurse is evaluating a young child who may
be affected by environmental pollutants. Recent studies show that
certain exposures can alter gene expression without changing the DNA
sequence.
Question: Which advanced concept best describes this phenomenon?
A. Nature vs. Nurture
B. Epigenetics
C. Developmental Systems Theory
D. Social Determinants of Health
©2025
Final Assessment Review
Questions & Solutions
2025
©2025
, Question 1 (MC)
Case Scenario: A 32‑week preterm neonate in the NICU is considered
at risk for neurological delays. During routine care, the nurse is planning
interventions to optimize brain development while avoiding
overstimulation.
Question: Which intervention should be prioritized?
A. Encouraging frequent handling by multiple caregivers
B. Minimizing environmental stimuli while providing gentle, regulated
sensory input
C. Administering routine sedatives to reduce stress
D. Deferring physical therapy interventions until term age
Correct ANS: B
Rationale: Preterm infants have immature neurological systems that
benefit from a controlled sensory environment. Minimizing excessive
noise and light while still providing gentle stimulation helps prevent
overstimulation and supports optimal neurodevelopment.
---
Question 2 (MC)
Case Scenario: A 2‑year‑old toddler exhibits marked frustration during
routine transitions and is beginning to assert independence, yet also
shows delays in language skills.
Question: Which developmental theory best explains the psychosocial
changes observed in this patient?
A. Piaget’s Preoperational Stage
B. Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory
C. Erikson’s Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
D. Freud’s Oral Stage
Correct ANS: C
Rationale: During toddlerhood, the key psychosocial conflict described
©2025
,by Erikson is autonomy vs. shame and doubt. This stage involves
increased independence and self‐assertion, even though some
developmental delays (such as language) may also be present.
---
Question 3 (MC)
Case Scenario: A 15‑year‑old adolescent presents with confusion over
personal identity and role expectations while navigating peer
relationships.
Question: According to Erikson’s developmental stages, what primary
task is this adolescent facing?
A. Trust vs. Mistrust
B. Initiative vs. Guilt
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Generativity vs. Stagnation
Correct ANS: C
Rationale: Erikson’s stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion typically occurs
during adolescence. This developmental period challenges teens to
develop a unified sense of self while integrating various social influences.
---
Question 4 (MC)
Case Scenario: A school‑aged child shows improved logical reasoning
and problem solving during classroom activities.
Question: Which stage of cognitive development best explains these
emerging skills?
A. Piaget’s Sensorimotor Stage
B. Piaget’s Preoperational Stage
C. Piaget’s Concrete Operational Stage
D. Piaget’s Formal Operational Stage
Correct ANS: C
©2025
, Rationale: The Concrete Operational Stage (typically ages 7–11 years)
is characterized by logical thought about concrete events, which is
reflected by the child’s improved problem solving and reasoning in
tangible situations.
---
Question 5 (MC)
Case Scenario: During a routine developmental exam in the neonatal
unit, a nurse assesses a term infant’s reflexes.
Question: Which primitive reflex is expected to have disappeared by
approximately 4 months of age?
A. Moro Reflex
B. Rooting Reflex
C. Grasp Reflex
D. Babinski Reflex
Correct ANS: A
Rationale: The Moro (startle) reflex typically integrates by 4 to 6
months of age. Its disappearance is an important indicator of normal
neurological development.
---
Question 6 (MC)
Case Scenario: A community nurse is evaluating a young child who may
be affected by environmental pollutants. Recent studies show that
certain exposures can alter gene expression without changing the DNA
sequence.
Question: Which advanced concept best describes this phenomenon?
A. Nature vs. Nurture
B. Epigenetics
C. Developmental Systems Theory
D. Social Determinants of Health
©2025
