NU 220 Pharmacology
Final Assessment Review
Questions & Solutions
2025
©2025
, I. Multiple Choice Questions (10 Questions)
1. A 68-year-old patient is started on a new medication metabolized by
the CYP3A4 enzyme. If the patient is concurrently prescribed
ketoconazole (a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor), what is the most likely
outcome?
A. Decreased plasma drug concentration
B. Unchanged plasma drug concentration
C. Increased plasma drug concentration
D. Enhanced renal elimination
ANS: C
Rationale: Ketoconazole inhibits CYP3A4, leading to reduced
metabolism of the drug. This results in increased plasma concentrations
and a higher risk of toxicity.
2. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) treat depression
primarily by:
A. Inhibiting monoamine oxidase
B. Blocking dopamine receptors
C. Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin
D. Enhancing GABAergic activity
ANS: C
Rationale: SSRIs function by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin into
presynaptic neurons, thereby increasing the availability of serotonin in
the synaptic cleft to improve mood.
3. A patient on warfarin therapy must monitor dietary intake of which
food group to prevent drug interaction?
A. Citrus fruits
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Red meat
D. Dairy products
©2025
, ANS: B
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables are rich in vitamin K, which can
counteract warfarin’s anticoagulant effects and potentially reduce its
efficacy.
4. Which antineoplastic agent works by inhibiting topoisomerase II,
thereby interfering with DNA replication?
A. Doxorubicin
B. Vincristine
C. Methotrexate
D. Cisplatin
ANS: A
Rationale: Doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II, an enzyme essential
for DNA replication, making it effective in chemotherapy despite its
cardiotoxic potential.
5. In a patient receiving aminoglycoside antibiotics, which adverse
effects should the nurse prioritize monitoring?
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
C. Cardiotoxicity
D. Neurotoxicity
ANS: B
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are associated with both nephrotoxicity
and ototoxicity. Monitoring renal function and auditory capacity is crucial
during treatment.
6. Leucovorin is administered following high-dose methotrexate therapy
primarily to:
A. Enhance methotrexate absorption
B. Rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
C. Prolong the half-life of methotrexate
D. Increase the anti-tumor effect of methotrexate
ANS: B
Rationale: Leucovorin acts as a “rescue” agent by replenishing folinic
©2025
Final Assessment Review
Questions & Solutions
2025
©2025
, I. Multiple Choice Questions (10 Questions)
1. A 68-year-old patient is started on a new medication metabolized by
the CYP3A4 enzyme. If the patient is concurrently prescribed
ketoconazole (a potent CYP3A4 inhibitor), what is the most likely
outcome?
A. Decreased plasma drug concentration
B. Unchanged plasma drug concentration
C. Increased plasma drug concentration
D. Enhanced renal elimination
ANS: C
Rationale: Ketoconazole inhibits CYP3A4, leading to reduced
metabolism of the drug. This results in increased plasma concentrations
and a higher risk of toxicity.
2. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) treat depression
primarily by:
A. Inhibiting monoamine oxidase
B. Blocking dopamine receptors
C. Inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin
D. Enhancing GABAergic activity
ANS: C
Rationale: SSRIs function by inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin into
presynaptic neurons, thereby increasing the availability of serotonin in
the synaptic cleft to improve mood.
3. A patient on warfarin therapy must monitor dietary intake of which
food group to prevent drug interaction?
A. Citrus fruits
B. Leafy green vegetables
C. Red meat
D. Dairy products
©2025
, ANS: B
Rationale: Leafy green vegetables are rich in vitamin K, which can
counteract warfarin’s anticoagulant effects and potentially reduce its
efficacy.
4. Which antineoplastic agent works by inhibiting topoisomerase II,
thereby interfering with DNA replication?
A. Doxorubicin
B. Vincristine
C. Methotrexate
D. Cisplatin
ANS: A
Rationale: Doxorubicin inhibits topoisomerase II, an enzyme essential
for DNA replication, making it effective in chemotherapy despite its
cardiotoxic potential.
5. In a patient receiving aminoglycoside antibiotics, which adverse
effects should the nurse prioritize monitoring?
A. Hepatotoxicity
B. Ototoxicity and nephrotoxicity
C. Cardiotoxicity
D. Neurotoxicity
ANS: B
Rationale: Aminoglycosides are associated with both nephrotoxicity
and ototoxicity. Monitoring renal function and auditory capacity is crucial
during treatment.
6. Leucovorin is administered following high-dose methotrexate therapy
primarily to:
A. Enhance methotrexate absorption
B. Rescue normal cells from methotrexate toxicity
C. Prolong the half-life of methotrexate
D. Increase the anti-tumor effect of methotrexate
ANS: B
Rationale: Leucovorin acts as a “rescue” agent by replenishing folinic
©2025
