Diagnostics for Pericarditis
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, - Increased WBC & sed rate (rate at which RBC settle in test tube, high rate
= inflammation)
- Increased CK (Creatine kinase, catalyzes conversion of ATP) & LDH
(Lactate dehydrogenase, catalyzes pyruvate to lactate)
- ECG (sinus tachycardia, ST elevation)
- Chest x-ray (show fluid in spaces)
Valvular Stenosis
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- Valve is restricted
- Forward blood is impeded
- Pressure gradient is created across the open valve
- Pressure gradient differences reflects the degree of stenosis
Echocardiogram
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- Uses sound waves to produce images of heart beating and pumping
blood
- Images can be used to identify heart disease
Nursing Interventions for Myocardial Infarction
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, - Monitor cardiovascular function (P, HR, heart sounds
- Monitor respirations (assess for fluids, dyspnea)
- EKG during attack
- Monitor vitals
- Monitor O2 sats
- Low fat, low cholesterol, low sodium diet
- Know difference between MI pain & angina
- Limit activities
- Stress reduction
- Smoking cessation
Risk Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease
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- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Older people
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
Afterload
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- Peripheral resistance against what the left ventricle must pump
Developmental Stages of CAD: Fatty Streaks
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, - Earliest lesions
- Characterized by lipid-filled smooth muscle cells
- Potentially reversible
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
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- Aneurysm occurs in chest portion of aorta
- Usually asymptomatic
- Walls of the aorta weaken and section close to the heart enlarges causing
valves to not close properly
Angiography
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- Test allowing a view inside arteries, veins, and heart chambers
- Radioactive dye is injected into arteries and x-ray is done to view blood
flow through the heart
Signs & Symptoms of Mitral Valve Prolapse
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, - Increased WBC & sed rate (rate at which RBC settle in test tube, high rate
= inflammation)
- Increased CK (Creatine kinase, catalyzes conversion of ATP) & LDH
(Lactate dehydrogenase, catalyzes pyruvate to lactate)
- ECG (sinus tachycardia, ST elevation)
- Chest x-ray (show fluid in spaces)
Valvular Stenosis
Give this one a try later!
- Valve is restricted
- Forward blood is impeded
- Pressure gradient is created across the open valve
- Pressure gradient differences reflects the degree of stenosis
Echocardiogram
Give this one a try later!
- Uses sound waves to produce images of heart beating and pumping
blood
- Images can be used to identify heart disease
Nursing Interventions for Myocardial Infarction
Give this one a try later!
, - Monitor cardiovascular function (P, HR, heart sounds
- Monitor respirations (assess for fluids, dyspnea)
- EKG during attack
- Monitor vitals
- Monitor O2 sats
- Low fat, low cholesterol, low sodium diet
- Know difference between MI pain & angina
- Limit activities
- Stress reduction
- Smoking cessation
Risk Factors of Peripheral Arterial Disease
Give this one a try later!
- Diabetes
- Hypertension
- Older people
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
Afterload
Give this one a try later!
- Peripheral resistance against what the left ventricle must pump
Developmental Stages of CAD: Fatty Streaks
Give this one a try later!
, - Earliest lesions
- Characterized by lipid-filled smooth muscle cells
- Potentially reversible
Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm
Give this one a try later!
- Aneurysm occurs in chest portion of aorta
- Usually asymptomatic
- Walls of the aorta weaken and section close to the heart enlarges causing
valves to not close properly
Angiography
Give this one a try later!
- Test allowing a view inside arteries, veins, and heart chambers
- Radioactive dye is injected into arteries and x-ray is done to view blood
flow through the heart
Signs & Symptoms of Mitral Valve Prolapse
Give this one a try later!
