30+ Solved Questions with Formulas & Step-by-Step Explanations
Section 1: Essential Pharmacy Math Formulas
1. Unit Conversions:
- 1 tsp = 5 mL
- 1 tbsp = 15 mL
- 1 oz = 30 mL
- 1 kg = 2.2 lbs
- 1 L = 1000 mL
2. Body Surface Area (BSA):
- BSA (m²) = √[(Height(cm) × Weight(kg)) / 3600]
3. Creatinine Clearance (CrCl - Cockcroft-Gault):
- CrCl = [(140 – age) × weight (kg)] / [72 × Scr] (× 0.85 for females)
4. Milliequivalents (mEq):
- mEq = (mg × valence) / molecular weight
5. IV Flow Rate:
- Flow rate (gtt/min) = (Volume × Drop factor) / Time (min)
- Flow rate (mL/hr) = Total volume / Total time (hr)
6. Alligation Method:
- Used to calculate mixing of two solutions with different strengths
7. Osmolarity:
- mOsmol/L = (wt of substance in g/L ÷ MW) × number of particles × 1000
8. TPN Calculations:
- Dextrose: 3.4 kcal/g
- Protein: 4 kcal/g
- Lipid: 10 kcal/g (20% solution)