Biology 198 Exam 4 – KSU questions 100% solved

Central Dogma - ANSWERstate that once "information" has passed into protein, it cannot get out again Central Dogma of Molecular Biology - ANSWERthe flow of genetic information in cells from DNA to mRNA Transcription Bubble - ANSWERthe region of unwinding Initiation - ANSWERDNA is unwound, forming a transcription bubble Promoter - ANSWERthe DNA sequence onto which the proteins and enzymes involved in transcription bind to it to initiate the process Stop Codons - ANSWERterminate protein synthesis and release the polypeptide from the translation machinery Start Codons - ANSWERinitiate translation Translation - ANSWERbegins with tRNA anticodon recognizes a codon on the mRNA. Mutations - ANSWERchanges in the DNA sequence of a gene Alleles - ANSWERalternative forms of the same gene Genotype - ANSWERthe set of alleles present in an individual for a given gene Elongation - ANSWERRNA polymerase tracks along the DNA template, synthesizes mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction, and unwinds then rewinds the DNA as it is read. Starts with the template strand Triplet Codon - ANSWERthe three-nucleotide sequence in amino acid Meiosis - ANSWERthe division of the contents of the nucleus that divides the chromosomes among gametes