,ACCESSrkTestrkBankrkforrkConceptualrkPhysicsrk13thrkEditionrkHewit
t
1 AboutrkScience
ConceptualrkPhysicsrkInstructor’srkManual,rkThirteenthrkEdition
1.1 ScientificrkMeasurements
HowrkEratosthenesrkMeasuredrktherkSizerkofrkEarth
PRACTICING PHYSICS Earth’s Size via Tree/Flagpole Shadows
SizerkofrktherkMoonrkDi
stancerktorktherkMoonrk
DistancerktorktherkSunrk
SizerkofrktherkSun
Mathematics—TherkLanguagerkofrkScience
1.2 ScientificrkMethods
TherkScientificrkAttituderkDea
lingrkwithrkMisconceptions
1.3 Science,rkArt,rkandrkReligion
FAKE SCIENCE
1.4 SciencerkandrkTechnology
RISK ASSESSMENT
1.5 Physics—TherkBasicrkScience
1.6 InrkPerspective
OPENINGrkPHOTOSrkANDrkPROFILE
Allrkchaptersrkopenrkwithrkphotosrkofrkeducators.rkChapterrk1rkopensrkwithrkarkphotorkofrkmyrkwife,rkLil,rk
pointingrktorkmanyrkcircularrkimagesrkofrktherkSunrkbeneathrkarktreerkinrkfrontrkofrkourrkresidencerkinrkSt.rk
Petersburg,rkFlorida.rkTherksecondrkphotorkisrkofrkmyrkyoungrkprotégérkEinsteinrkDhayalrkfromrkIndiark(ri
ght)rkwithrkhisrkfriendsrktellingrktimerkwithrksolarrkshadows.rkTherkthirdrkphotorkisrkofrkmyrkfriendrkandrksc
iencerkwriterrkJudithrkBrandrkwhorkassistedrkinrktherkwritingrkofrkthisrkedition.rkSherkshowsrkhowrkliningrk
uprkarkpearkwithrktherkMoonrkleadsrktorkestimatingrkitsrkdistancerkfromrkEarth.rkTherklastrkphotorkisrkofrkth
erkVasquezrkfamily,rkallrkteachers,rkthatrkbeginrkwithrkPhyllisrkVasquez,rkcolleaguerkatrkCityrkCollegerkofrk
SanrkFranciscork(CCSF),rkandrkherrksonsrkinrkorderrkofrkagerkfromrkoldestrktorkyoungest:rkMichael,rkDavid
,rkRodney,rkJohn,rkandrkRobert,rkwhorkallrktookrkmyrkclass.rkTherkquestionrksuggestedrkbyrktherkphotorkisrk
howrkmanyrkMoonsrkawayrkfromrkEarthrkisrktherkMoon?rkThisrkleadsrktorkarkveryrknicerkMoon-
Earthrkactivity.
TherkprofilerkisrkofrkGreekrkmathematicianrkEratosthenes.
INTRODUCTION
Likerkmanyrkintroductions,rkmuchrkofrkthisrkintroductoryrkchapterrkcanrkberkregardedrkasrkarkpersonalrkess
ay.rkInrkmyrkteachingrkdaysrkIrkdidn’trkdiscussrkChapterrk1.rkTodayrkIrkwould,rkduerktorktherkhighrkinterestr
kinrkEratosthenesrkandrkhisrkintriguingrkwayrkofrkmeasuringrkEarth’srkcircumferencerkinrkaboutrk235rkBC.rk
AndrkIrkwouldrkcertainlyrkpresentrkwhatrkIrkseerkasrkarkgreatrkfeaturerkofrkthisrkedition,rktherkeasy-to-
dorkgreen-pearkactivityrkofrkjudgingrktherkMoon’srkdistancer k fromrkEarth,rkasrkJudithrkBrandrkillustrates.
SUPPLEMENTS
PracticingrkPhysics
• MeasuringrktherkSizerkofrkPlanetrkEarth •rkTherkMoon,rkSun,rkandrkarkGreenrkPea
• FlagpolerkPhysics •rkSolarrkImages •rkMakingrkHypotheses
Next-TimerkQuestions
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,• ScientificrkClaims •rkPinholerkImagerkofrktherkSunr k •rkWithrkSimplyrkarkPairrkofrkSticks
• SolarrkImage •rkFlagpolerkShadows •rkJustrkarkPairrkofrkSticks
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, ACCESSrkTestrkBankrkforrkConceptualrkPhysicsrk13thrkEditionrkHewit
t
• Cone,rkBall,rkandrkarkCup •rkEratosthenesrkSticks •rkTworkSticksrkandrkarkShadow
Hewitt-Drew-It!rkScreencast
• Eratosthenesrk(no.rk148)
LaboratoryrkManual
Thererkarerknorklabsrkforrkthisrkchapter.
SUGGESTEDrkPRESENTATION
Eratosthenes,rkAristarchus,rkandrkSun-MoonrkMeasurements
Measurementsrkarerkarkhallmarkrkofrkscience.rkWhatrkmorerkintriguingrkonesrkthanrktherksizesrkandrkdistan
cesrkofrkourrkSunrkandrkMoon.rkIrksuggestrkbeginningrkyourrkcourserkwithrktherkmeasurementsrkofrkEratost
henesrkforrkEarth,rkfollowedrkbyrkAristarchusrkandrkhisrkmeasurementsrkofrktherkMoon.rkWheneverrkarkhal
frkmoonrkisrkviewedrkinrktherksky,rkourrklinerkofrksightrktorktherkMoonrkandrkitsrklinerkofrksightrktorktherkSu
nrkdefinerktherkimaginaryrkrightrktrianglerkinrktherkskyrkenvisionedrkbyrkAristarchusrk(Figurerk1.8),rkwhichr
kisrkworthyrkofrkintriguingrkclassrkdiscussion.
Beginrkbyrkaskingrkyourrkstudentsrktorkcomerkuprkwithrktworkwaysrktorkdeterminerktherkcircumferencer
kofrkarkpizzar k pierkifrktheyrkhadrkonlyrkonerkslice.rkThenrkprogressrktorktherkfollowingrkdemonstration.
DEMONSTRATION:rkI’mrkexcitedrkaboutrkarknewrkactivityrkinrkthisrkeditionrk(FlagpolerkPhysics
rkinrkPracticingrkPhysics)rkinspiredrkbyrktherkfirstrkcalculationrkofrkEarth’srksizerkbyrkEratosthenes
.rkAndrkthat’srktorkdorktherkreverse:rkusingrkEarth’srkcircumferencerktorkcalculaterktherkdistancerkb
etweenrkfar-apartr k locations—suchrkasrkfar-apartrkschoolrkflagpoles.
Yourkcanrkuserktherksecondrkpartrkofrktherkactivity,rkArkModelrkOrang
e,rkasrkarkdemo.rkHoldrkanrkorangerkbeforerkyourrkstudents.rkTherkoran
gerknicelyrkapproximatesrkarksphere.rkPokerktworklongrktoothpicksrkpe
rpendicularrktorktherksurfacerkofrktherksphericalrkfruitrkandrkaskrkwhere
rkthey’llrkmeetrkinside.rkThey’llrkintersectrkatrktherkcenterrkofrktherksph
ere.rkWhateverrktherkanglerkisrkbetweenrktherktoothpicks,rkthat’srktherk
vertexrkanglerktheyrkmakerkwithrktherkcenterrkofrktherksphere.rkTherkar
crkbetweenrktherktworksticksrkmakesrkuprkarksegmentrkofrkarkcircle.rkH
owrkmanyrksuchrksegmentsrkmakerkuprkarkfullrk360°?rkThatrknumber,rk
multipliedrkbyrktherkdistancerkbetweenrktherktoothpicksrkatrktherksurfac
erktellsrkyourktherkcircumferencerkofrktherksphere.rkIfrktherkvertexrkofrk
therksegmentrkis,rksay,rk36°,rkthenrktenrksegmentsrkformrktherkcircumfe
rence.
Applyrkthisrktorkflagpolesrkthatrkarerkveryrkfarrkapart—
extremerksocialrkdistancing.rkRatherrkthanrkcalculatingrkEarth’srkcircumference,rkuserkitsrkknownrk
valuerkofrk40,000rkkmrkandrkcalculaterktherkdistancerkbetweenrkschoolrkflagpoles.rk(Therkfirstrkpart
rkofrktherkFlagpolerkPhysicsrkactivity.)rkTherkNext-
TimerkQuestionrkFlagpolerkShadowsrkalsorkgoesrkwellrkwithrkthisrkmaterial.rkIt’srkreproducedrkfoll
owingrkthisrkSuggestedrkPresentation.
MeasuringrkSolarrkDiameter
Onerkofrkmyrkveryrkfavoriterkclassrkassignmentsrkisrktherktaskrkofrkmeas
uringrktherkdiameterrkofrktherkSunrkwithrkarkrulerrkorrktaperkmeasure.rkT
hisrkmakesrksenserkbyrkfirstrkexplainingrktherkphysicsrkofrkarkpinholerkca
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t
1 AboutrkScience
ConceptualrkPhysicsrkInstructor’srkManual,rkThirteenthrkEdition
1.1 ScientificrkMeasurements
HowrkEratosthenesrkMeasuredrktherkSizerkofrkEarth
PRACTICING PHYSICS Earth’s Size via Tree/Flagpole Shadows
SizerkofrktherkMoonrkDi
stancerktorktherkMoonrk
DistancerktorktherkSunrk
SizerkofrktherkSun
Mathematics—TherkLanguagerkofrkScience
1.2 ScientificrkMethods
TherkScientificrkAttituderkDea
lingrkwithrkMisconceptions
1.3 Science,rkArt,rkandrkReligion
FAKE SCIENCE
1.4 SciencerkandrkTechnology
RISK ASSESSMENT
1.5 Physics—TherkBasicrkScience
1.6 InrkPerspective
OPENINGrkPHOTOSrkANDrkPROFILE
Allrkchaptersrkopenrkwithrkphotosrkofrkeducators.rkChapterrk1rkopensrkwithrkarkphotorkofrkmyrkwife,rkLil,rk
pointingrktorkmanyrkcircularrkimagesrkofrktherkSunrkbeneathrkarktreerkinrkfrontrkofrkourrkresidencerkinrkSt.rk
Petersburg,rkFlorida.rkTherksecondrkphotorkisrkofrkmyrkyoungrkprotégérkEinsteinrkDhayalrkfromrkIndiark(ri
ght)rkwithrkhisrkfriendsrktellingrktimerkwithrksolarrkshadows.rkTherkthirdrkphotorkisrkofrkmyrkfriendrkandrksc
iencerkwriterrkJudithrkBrandrkwhorkassistedrkinrktherkwritingrkofrkthisrkedition.rkSherkshowsrkhowrkliningrk
uprkarkpearkwithrktherkMoonrkleadsrktorkestimatingrkitsrkdistancerkfromrkEarth.rkTherklastrkphotorkisrkofrkth
erkVasquezrkfamily,rkallrkteachers,rkthatrkbeginrkwithrkPhyllisrkVasquez,rkcolleaguerkatrkCityrkCollegerkofrk
SanrkFranciscork(CCSF),rkandrkherrksonsrkinrkorderrkofrkagerkfromrkoldestrktorkyoungest:rkMichael,rkDavid
,rkRodney,rkJohn,rkandrkRobert,rkwhorkallrktookrkmyrkclass.rkTherkquestionrksuggestedrkbyrktherkphotorkisrk
howrkmanyrkMoonsrkawayrkfromrkEarthrkisrktherkMoon?rkThisrkleadsrktorkarkveryrknicerkMoon-
Earthrkactivity.
TherkprofilerkisrkofrkGreekrkmathematicianrkEratosthenes.
INTRODUCTION
Likerkmanyrkintroductions,rkmuchrkofrkthisrkintroductoryrkchapterrkcanrkberkregardedrkasrkarkpersonalrkess
ay.rkInrkmyrkteachingrkdaysrkIrkdidn’trkdiscussrkChapterrk1.rkTodayrkIrkwould,rkduerktorktherkhighrkinterestr
kinrkEratosthenesrkandrkhisrkintriguingrkwayrkofrkmeasuringrkEarth’srkcircumferencerkinrkaboutrk235rkBC.rk
AndrkIrkwouldrkcertainlyrkpresentrkwhatrkIrkseerkasrkarkgreatrkfeaturerkofrkthisrkedition,rktherkeasy-to-
dorkgreen-pearkactivityrkofrkjudgingrktherkMoon’srkdistancer k fromrkEarth,rkasrkJudithrkBrandrkillustrates.
SUPPLEMENTS
PracticingrkPhysics
• MeasuringrktherkSizerkofrkPlanetrkEarth •rkTherkMoon,rkSun,rkandrkarkGreenrkPea
• FlagpolerkPhysics •rkSolarrkImages •rkMakingrkHypotheses
Next-TimerkQuestions
© 2022 Pearson Education Limited. All Rights Reserved. 1
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,• ScientificrkClaims •rkPinholerkImagerkofrktherkSunr k •rkWithrkSimplyrkarkPairrkofrkSticks
• SolarrkImage •rkFlagpolerkShadows •rkJustrkarkPairrkofrkSticks
© 2022 Pearson Education Limited. All Rights Reserved. 2
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, ACCESSrkTestrkBankrkforrkConceptualrkPhysicsrk13thrkEditionrkHewit
t
• Cone,rkBall,rkandrkarkCup •rkEratosthenesrkSticks •rkTworkSticksrkandrkarkShadow
Hewitt-Drew-It!rkScreencast
• Eratosthenesrk(no.rk148)
LaboratoryrkManual
Thererkarerknorklabsrkforrkthisrkchapter.
SUGGESTEDrkPRESENTATION
Eratosthenes,rkAristarchus,rkandrkSun-MoonrkMeasurements
Measurementsrkarerkarkhallmarkrkofrkscience.rkWhatrkmorerkintriguingrkonesrkthanrktherksizesrkandrkdistan
cesrkofrkourrkSunrkandrkMoon.rkIrksuggestrkbeginningrkyourrkcourserkwithrktherkmeasurementsrkofrkEratost
henesrkforrkEarth,rkfollowedrkbyrkAristarchusrkandrkhisrkmeasurementsrkofrktherkMoon.rkWheneverrkarkhal
frkmoonrkisrkviewedrkinrktherksky,rkourrklinerkofrksightrktorktherkMoonrkandrkitsrklinerkofrksightrktorktherkSu
nrkdefinerktherkimaginaryrkrightrktrianglerkinrktherkskyrkenvisionedrkbyrkAristarchusrk(Figurerk1.8),rkwhichr
kisrkworthyrkofrkintriguingrkclassrkdiscussion.
Beginrkbyrkaskingrkyourrkstudentsrktorkcomerkuprkwithrktworkwaysrktorkdeterminerktherkcircumferencer
kofrkarkpizzar k pierkifrktheyrkhadrkonlyrkonerkslice.rkThenrkprogressrktorktherkfollowingrkdemonstration.
DEMONSTRATION:rkI’mrkexcitedrkaboutrkarknewrkactivityrkinrkthisrkeditionrk(FlagpolerkPhysics
rkinrkPracticingrkPhysics)rkinspiredrkbyrktherkfirstrkcalculationrkofrkEarth’srksizerkbyrkEratosthenes
.rkAndrkthat’srktorkdorktherkreverse:rkusingrkEarth’srkcircumferencerktorkcalculaterktherkdistancerkb
etweenrkfar-apartr k locations—suchrkasrkfar-apartrkschoolrkflagpoles.
Yourkcanrkuserktherksecondrkpartrkofrktherkactivity,rkArkModelrkOrang
e,rkasrkarkdemo.rkHoldrkanrkorangerkbeforerkyourrkstudents.rkTherkoran
gerknicelyrkapproximatesrkarksphere.rkPokerktworklongrktoothpicksrkpe
rpendicularrktorktherksurfacerkofrktherksphericalrkfruitrkandrkaskrkwhere
rkthey’llrkmeetrkinside.rkThey’llrkintersectrkatrktherkcenterrkofrktherksph
ere.rkWhateverrktherkanglerkisrkbetweenrktherktoothpicks,rkthat’srktherk
vertexrkanglerktheyrkmakerkwithrktherkcenterrkofrktherksphere.rkTherkar
crkbetweenrktherktworksticksrkmakesrkuprkarksegmentrkofrkarkcircle.rkH
owrkmanyrksuchrksegmentsrkmakerkuprkarkfullrk360°?rkThatrknumber,rk
multipliedrkbyrktherkdistancerkbetweenrktherktoothpicksrkatrktherksurfac
erktellsrkyourktherkcircumferencerkofrktherksphere.rkIfrktherkvertexrkofrk
therksegmentrkis,rksay,rk36°,rkthenrktenrksegmentsrkformrktherkcircumfe
rence.
Applyrkthisrktorkflagpolesrkthatrkarerkveryrkfarrkapart—
extremerksocialrkdistancing.rkRatherrkthanrkcalculatingrkEarth’srkcircumference,rkuserkitsrkknownrk
valuerkofrk40,000rkkmrkandrkcalculaterktherkdistancerkbetweenrkschoolrkflagpoles.rk(Therkfirstrkpart
rkofrktherkFlagpolerkPhysicsrkactivity.)rkTherkNext-
TimerkQuestionrkFlagpolerkShadowsrkalsorkgoesrkwellrkwithrkthisrkmaterial.rkIt’srkreproducedrkfoll
owingrkthisrkSuggestedrkPresentation.
MeasuringrkSolarrkDiameter
Onerkofrkmyrkveryrkfavoriterkclassrkassignmentsrkisrktherktaskrkofrkmeas
uringrktherkdiameterrkofrktherkSunrkwithrkarkrulerrkorrktaperkmeasure.rkT
hisrkmakesrksenserkbyrkfirstrkexplainingrktherkphysicsrkofrkarkpinholerkca
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