Clinical Modalities Exam Questions and Answers Already Passed
What is behavioral therapy? - Answers A form of therapy that focuses on modifying behaviors.
Who conducted laboratory work with dogs that led to the development of behavioral models? - Answers
Ivan Pavlov.
Who conducted research on rat behavior and contributed to the development of behavioral models? -
Answers B.F. Skinner.
What do behavioral models emphasize? - Answers The ways in which observable behavioral responses
are learned and can be modified in a particular environment.
What is conditioning? - Answers Pairing a behavior with a condition that reinforces or diminishes the
behavior's occurrence.
What did John B. Watson conclude about behavior? - Answers That it could be molded by controlling the
environment and that anyone could be trained.
What does B.F. Skinner's behavior model provide? - Answers A concrete method for modifying or
replacing behaviors.
What have behavior management and modification programs based on Skinner's principles shown? -
Answers To be successful in altering targeted behaviors.
What are programmed learning and token economies? - Answers Extensions of Skinner's thoughts on
learning.
What did Ivan Pavlov formalize his observations of behaviors into? - Answers A theory of classical
conditioning.
What did Pavlov's experiments with dogs demonstrate? - Answers That a neutral stimulus (bell) paired
with another stimulus (food) could elicit a conditioned response (salivation).
Are classical conditioned responses voluntary or involuntary? - Answers Involuntary.
What is behavioral therapy based on? - Answers Changes in maladaptive behavior without insight into
underlying cause.
When does behavioral therapy work best? - Answers When directed at specific problems with well-
defined goals.
What conditions can behavioral therapy effectively treat? - Answers Phobias, alcoholism, schizophrenia,
and many others.
, What is modeling in behavioral therapy? - Answers Nurse/therapist provides a role model for specific
behaviors.
How can modeling be done in behavioral therapy? - Answers Nurse/therapist modeling, another person
modeling, or video presentation.
What is role playing in behavioral therapy? - Answers Demonstrating and practicing new behaviors in
the consulting room.
What is operant conditioning? - Answers Basis for behavior modification using positive reinforcement to
increase desired behaviors.
What is a token economy? - Answers Reward system in which tokens can be exchanged for food,
luxuries, or privileges.
What is the purpose of tokens in a token economy? - Answers To reward clients when desired goals or
behaviors are achieved.
What is the role of the nurse/therapist in modeling? - Answers To provide a role model for specific
behaviors.
How has operant conditioning been useful? - Answers It has helped improve the behaviors of mute,
autistic, and developmentally disabled children.
What is behavior modification? - Answers A technique used to increase self-care, social behavior, and
group participation in clients with severe mental illness.
What is systematic desensitization? - Answers A form of behavior modification therapy that involves
exposure to fears while using relaxation techniques.
What are the four steps of systematic desensitization? - Answers Breaking down the fear, incremental
exposure, designing a hierarchy of fears, and daily practice.
What is aversion therapy? - Answers A form of behavior modification used to treat behaviors such as
alcoholism and sexual deviation.
What are three paradigms for using aversive techniques? - Answers Pairing maladaptive behavior with a
noxious stimulus, punishment, and avoidance training.
When is aversion therapy used? - Answers When other measures have failed to produce desired effects.
What questions should be answered before initiating aversive therapy? - Answers Is it in the best
interest of the client?
What is the cognitive model? - Answers A model that emphasizes cognitive processing distortions in
psychological disorders.
What is behavioral therapy? - Answers A form of therapy that focuses on modifying behaviors.
Who conducted laboratory work with dogs that led to the development of behavioral models? - Answers
Ivan Pavlov.
Who conducted research on rat behavior and contributed to the development of behavioral models? -
Answers B.F. Skinner.
What do behavioral models emphasize? - Answers The ways in which observable behavioral responses
are learned and can be modified in a particular environment.
What is conditioning? - Answers Pairing a behavior with a condition that reinforces or diminishes the
behavior's occurrence.
What did John B. Watson conclude about behavior? - Answers That it could be molded by controlling the
environment and that anyone could be trained.
What does B.F. Skinner's behavior model provide? - Answers A concrete method for modifying or
replacing behaviors.
What have behavior management and modification programs based on Skinner's principles shown? -
Answers To be successful in altering targeted behaviors.
What are programmed learning and token economies? - Answers Extensions of Skinner's thoughts on
learning.
What did Ivan Pavlov formalize his observations of behaviors into? - Answers A theory of classical
conditioning.
What did Pavlov's experiments with dogs demonstrate? - Answers That a neutral stimulus (bell) paired
with another stimulus (food) could elicit a conditioned response (salivation).
Are classical conditioned responses voluntary or involuntary? - Answers Involuntary.
What is behavioral therapy based on? - Answers Changes in maladaptive behavior without insight into
underlying cause.
When does behavioral therapy work best? - Answers When directed at specific problems with well-
defined goals.
What conditions can behavioral therapy effectively treat? - Answers Phobias, alcoholism, schizophrenia,
and many others.
, What is modeling in behavioral therapy? - Answers Nurse/therapist provides a role model for specific
behaviors.
How can modeling be done in behavioral therapy? - Answers Nurse/therapist modeling, another person
modeling, or video presentation.
What is role playing in behavioral therapy? - Answers Demonstrating and practicing new behaviors in
the consulting room.
What is operant conditioning? - Answers Basis for behavior modification using positive reinforcement to
increase desired behaviors.
What is a token economy? - Answers Reward system in which tokens can be exchanged for food,
luxuries, or privileges.
What is the purpose of tokens in a token economy? - Answers To reward clients when desired goals or
behaviors are achieved.
What is the role of the nurse/therapist in modeling? - Answers To provide a role model for specific
behaviors.
How has operant conditioning been useful? - Answers It has helped improve the behaviors of mute,
autistic, and developmentally disabled children.
What is behavior modification? - Answers A technique used to increase self-care, social behavior, and
group participation in clients with severe mental illness.
What is systematic desensitization? - Answers A form of behavior modification therapy that involves
exposure to fears while using relaxation techniques.
What are the four steps of systematic desensitization? - Answers Breaking down the fear, incremental
exposure, designing a hierarchy of fears, and daily practice.
What is aversion therapy? - Answers A form of behavior modification used to treat behaviors such as
alcoholism and sexual deviation.
What are three paradigms for using aversive techniques? - Answers Pairing maladaptive behavior with a
noxious stimulus, punishment, and avoidance training.
When is aversion therapy used? - Answers When other measures have failed to produce desired effects.
What questions should be answered before initiating aversive therapy? - Answers Is it in the best
interest of the client?
What is the cognitive model? - Answers A model that emphasizes cognitive processing distortions in
psychological disorders.
