ATI PHARMACOLOGY 2019 PROCTORED EXAM-REVISED 100%CORRECT ANSWERS

Pharmacology Final Exam Questions 1. When administering the drug senna to a patient, a health care provider must inform the patient of which of the following a. This drug is intended to lower blood pressure and is best used in combination with other antihypertensives b. This drug is not intended for long term use c. The patient must limit his/her fiber intake d. Advise patient to change positions slowly to limit the risk of orthostatic hypotension 2. When giving digoxin (Lanoxin) to a patient, the health care provider notices various signs and symptoms of an overdose. The health care provider knows to give which of the following to reverse digoxin toxicity a. Naloxone b. Vitamin K c. Digibind d. Fluemanzil 3. While providing an Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, the patient asks what the action of the drug is. As a health care provider, you explain that the action of an ACE inhibitor is a. To lower blood pressure by blocking the conversion of angiotensin I to vasoconstrictor angiotensin II b. To inhibit reabsorption of sodium back into the body, ultimately increasing urine output and lowering blood pressure c. To decrease heart rate and blood pressure by competing with Beta1 and Beta2 receptors in the heart and lungs d. To lower blood glucose by stimulating the release of insulin 4. Which of the following types of insulin is “long-acting”? a. Lispro (Humalog) b. NPH (Humulin N) c. Regular insulin (Humulin R) d. Glargine (Lantus) 1. What is the therapeutic use of metformin? A. Lower blood pressure. B. To diminish seizure activity. C. The maintenance of a person’s blood glucose. D. Increase heart rate and decrease gastrointestinal secretions. 1. What is the correct definition for absorption of a drug? A. Movement of drug from site of administration to various tissues of the body. B. Describes the absorption, distribution, metabolism & excretion of drugs. C. These types of drugs can be taken over the counter. D. This addresses how various drugs affect different forms of the body. 2. What do you assess for in a patient who is on Valproate? Select all that apply. A. Suicidal thoughts B. Monitor for seizures. C. Bipolar disorder. D. Migraines. 3. What is true about food and drug precautions? Select all that apply. A. You must limit certain types of food or concurrent administration of certain types of drugs. B. Certain combinations of food and drugs can cause adverse reactions. C. Precautions may require limiting certain types of food or concurring drugs rather than restricting the drug itself. D. When one drug changes the way, another drug affects that drug. 1. ACE Inhibitors are used in the treatment of all EXCEPT: a. Hypertension b. Heart Failure c. Hypotension d. Diabetic nephropathy 2. Which of the following is used to treat migraine headaches? a. Beta-blockers b. Cholinesterase Inhibitors c. ACE inhibitors d. Anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) 3. When administering a Serotonin Antagonist it is important to monitor for a. Intake and output b. Mental status changes c. Respiratory rate d. Anorexia 4. Which of the following is the antidote for Heparin? a. Protamine sulfate b. Vitamin K c. Naloxone d. Toradol 1. A patient has been taking hydrocodone, and opioid analgesic for their moderate pain, and they have taken over their prescribed dose. What should you give as the antidote if they experience toxicity? A. Naloxone B. N-acetylcysteine C. Atropine D. Digoxin immune Fab 1. A patient is being educated on taking levothyroxine, a drug used to balance thyroid activity. What should you include in their education? A. Don’t bother your health care professionals if you experience side effects B. Take this at the same time every day C. Thyroid tests are unnecessary while taking this drug D. It is okay to take this drug if you have recently had a myocardial infarction 1. A patient states he experiences anxiety and has panic attacks at least once a week. What might be helpful for this patient? A. Phenytoin (Dilantin) B. Lithium C. Alprazolam (Xanax) D. Spironolactone 1. Which of the following is NOT an opioid or NSAID? A. Morphine B. Ibuprofen C. Hydromorphone D. Acetaminophen 1) Why is it important to monitor ins and outs with patients using ACE inhibitors? A. To assess for renal impairment B. You must make sure the patient is receiving adequate fluid intake C. To assess the patient for potential heart failure D. You must assess for NSAID use E. To assess for decreased blood pressure 2) Which drug goes through extensive first-pass hepatic metabolism? A. Heparin B. Insulin C. Propranolol D. Nitroglycerine E. Warfarin 3) What nursing interventions should you do when a patient is on Albuterol (select all that apply) A. Assess lung sounds, Pulse, and Blood pressure before administering B. Monitor for changes in behavior C. Observe for paradoxical bronchospasms D. Assess for abdominal distention E. Note sputum color and texture 4) What patient could potentially take the drug Senna? A. A patient with an eating disorder B. A patient who has not passed stool in 5 days C. A patient with anal fissures D. A patient with a history of hemorrhoids E. A patient who has hypersensitivity Question #1 What is the category class of Lithium? A. Antidiabetics, biguanides B. Mood stabilizers C. Antiarrhythmics, anticonvulsants D. Vascular headache suppressants Question #2 What do you need to teach your patient if they are taking sennosides? Select All That Apply. A. Laxatives should be used for short-term therapy B. The medication does not cure hypothyroidism C. The color of the urine may change to a pink, red, violet, yellow, or brown D. Make sure other forms of bowel regulation are being used Question #3 What is the therapeutic use of Phenytoin? A. Replacement in hypothyroidism to restore normal hormonal balance B. Diminished accumulation of acid in the gastric lumen with lessened gastroesophageal reflux C. Diminished seizure activity, termination of ventricular arrhythmias D. Prevention of thrombus formation, prevention of extension of existing thrombi Question #4 At what amount does Acetaminophen stop controlling pain? A. Over 1,000 mg B. 750 mg C. Over 1,500 mg D. 150 mg When should the drug Montelukast be taken A. Use at least two hours before exercise B. Daily in evening C. Use two hours before exercise or daily in evening D. None of the above How should the oral form of albuterol be taken A. Administer with meals to minimize gastric irritation B. Administer before meals with water C. Administer after meals with water D. Administer in the morning with milk What should a Client taking Omeprazole report to the Heath Care Provider A. Black, tarry stools B. Diarrhea C. Abdominal pain D. All of the above When administering an Antiulcer Agents, you should be more cautious when administering it to A. A healthy 27 year old patient B. Patient with renal failure C. Elderly patients D. All of the above E. Choices B & C 1. What is the common side effect that is normal with the initial therapy of Nitroglycerine due to increased vasodilation? a. Abdominal cramps b. Calf pain c. Headache d. Blurred vision *Correct answer: C *Page 906; Adverse Reactions; Davis’s Drug Guide 2. Two tests should be monitored for a patient currently on Warfarin. What are those two tests? Select ALL that apply. a. PT b. aPTT c. INR d. BMP 3. Which of the following diuretics inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidneys while saving K+ and Hydrogen ions? a. Spironolactone b. Furosemide c. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Bumetanide 4. A nurse is about to administer Propanolol to a patient. The nurse takes the patient’s apical pulse and documents it as 58 bmp. How should the nurse continue? a. Administer the medication as normal b. Cut the tablet in half and administer half of the normal dose c. Give the XR form of the medication d. Withhold administration of the medication and notify physician 1. Which of the following should be monitored for patients taking diuretics? (select all that apply) a. Daily weight b. Intake and output c. Amount and location of edema d. Appetite e. Lung sounds 2. Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that increases cardiac output and slows heart rate? a. Heparin b. Alprazolam c. Digoxin d. Levothyroxine 3. Which of the following is a potassium-sparing diuretic? a. Furosemide b. Spironolactone c. Hydrochlorothiazide d. Bumetanide 4. What is the antidote for Warfarin? a. Vitamin D b. Vitamin C c. Vitamin K d. Vitamin B6 1. A nurse is completing discharge teaching for a client who has a new prescription for transdermal patches. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client understands the instructions? A. "I will clean the site with an alcohol swab before I apply the patch." B. "I will rotate the application sites weekly." C. "I will apply the patch to an area of skin with no hair." D. "I will place the new patch on the site of the old patch. 2.A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for a long-term use of oral prednisone for chronic asthma. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects? A. Weight Gain B. Nervousness C. Bradycardia D. Constipation 3. A nurse is caring for a patient who is taking Digoxin. The nurse should instruct the patient to monitor and report which of the following adverse effects? ( select all the apply) A. Fatigue B. Constipation C. Anorexia D. Rash E. Diplopia 4. What is the antidote for Heparin? A. Atropine b. Protamine C. Calcium Carbonate D. Ferrous Sulfate COLLAPSE 1. Phenytoin is an antiarrhythmic and anticonvulsant that has an unlabeled use for: A. headaches B. cold remedy C. neurothpathic pain D. antianxiety 2. When taking Digoxin, low levels of what can cause toxicity? A. potassium B. calcium C. sodium D. magnesium 3. What is the category class of Valproate? A. anticoagulant B. antianxiety, benzodiazepines C. anticonvulsant, vascular headache suppressant D.mood stabilizer 4. When taking Nitroglycerine (transdermal), you should have how many hours nitrate free each day? A. 1-2 hours B. 5-10 hours C. 3-4 hours D. 10-12 hours COLLAPSE 1. Lithium is used to? A. Lower blood glucose B. slow the heart rate C. stabilize mood D. heal ulcers 2. the antidote for Warfarin is? A. Narcan B. Vitamin K C. Glucagon D. Vitamin B 3. When administering Phenytoin you should monitor? A. behavior B. therapeutic blood levels C. for Steven Johnson syndrome D. all of the above 4. Angiotension II receptor agents medications usually end in? A. sar-tan B. ase C. olol D. pril 1. What is the Therapeutic Effects of Lithium? A.) Prevents/decreases incidence of acute manic episodes B.) Maintenance of blood glucose C.) Control of hyperglycemia in diabetic patients D.) Diminished seizure activity 2. What is the action of Metformin? A.)Decrease intestinal glucose absorption B.) Increase sensitivity to insulin C.) Decrease hepatic glucose production D.) All of the above 3. What is the medication effectiveness of Propranolol? Select all that apply. A.) Decrease in BP B.) Prevention of MI C.) Decrease tremors D.) Decrease in GI pain and irritation 4. What is a common side effect of Albuterol? A.)Paradoxical Bronchospasm B.)Diarrhea C.) Seizures D.) Vision loss 1) What is the therapeutic use of Albuterol? • A) Bronchodilation • B) Anti-coagulant • C) Anti-arrhythmic • D) Proton-pump inhibitor 2) What is an expected outcome for Lithium • A) Reduced risk of myocardial infarction • B) Reduced risk of GI ulcers • C) Decrease in respiratory distress • D) Decreased incidence of acute manic episodes 3) What is the antidote for Heparin? • A) Warfarin • B) Protamine sulfate antidote • C) Insulin • D) Naloxone 4) What medication is a contraindication to Nitroglycerin • A) Hydrochloroquinone • B) Methylprednisolone • C) Phenazopyridine • D) Erectile dysfunction drugs 1. What is the classification of Ondansetron? a. Antihypertensive b. Antiarrthymia c. Antiemetic d. Antiulcer agent Answer: C 2. Which of the following drugs has a therapeutic effect that prevents thromboembolic event? a. Warfarin b. Amlodipine c. Nitroglycerine d. Clopidogrel Answer: A 3. Select all when taking Iron Supplements. a. One hour before or 2 hours after meal b. Full glass of water/ juice c. No caffeine d. Carry identification card saying you are on Iron Supplements Answer: A, B, C 4. What is the expected outcome for Valproate? a. Decreased fever b. Decreased sense of anxiety c. Decreased blood pressure d. Decreased Seizure activity Answer: D 1. Before administering Digoxin, the nurse should complete which task? A. Obtain an ECG B. Count apical Pulse for 1 minute * C. Take temperature D. Obtain I/O 2. In the case of a Heparin overdose, which antidote would you give? A. Naloxone B. Ibutilide C. Methylphenidate D. Protamine sulfate * 3. What serious adverse reaction can occur with the loop diuretic Furosemide? A. Stevens-Johnsons syndrome * B. GI bleeding C. Hypertension D. Bradycardia 4. If a patient is taking an ACE inhibitor, the nurse should monitor for signs of angioedema which include? A. Vomiting B. Dyspnea * C. Constipation D. Epistaxis 1. What is the unlabeled use for Propranolol? A) PTSD B) Edema C) Hypertension D) Dizziness 2. Ace Inhibitors often end in? A) –ale B) –olol C) –pril D) –ide 3. What is a side effect for Phenytoin? a) Suicidal thoughts b) Dry mouth c) Blood in urine d) Tremors 4. What is the therapeutic use for Lithium? a) Decrease blood pressure b) Decreases incidence of acute manic episodes c) Decreases seizure activity d) Increase urinary output 1. Which drug is used to reverse the effects of an opioid overdose? A. Aspirin B. Advil C. Naloxone D. Odansetron 2. A patient with , should stop taking NSAIDS A. Peptic Ulcers B. Headaches C. Cramps D. Nausea 3. Which is not one of the rights of medication administration? A. Right patient B. Right time C. Right attitude D. Right documentation Tylenol is classified as . A. non opioid analgesic B. Opioid analgesic C. Hypoglycemic D. Diuretic 1. Your patient is on the medication Lithium for bipolar I disorder. What major side effect should you monitor the patient for? a. Cough b. hypothermia c. Seizures d. Pulmonary edema 2. When administering the opioid Morphine to a patient, it is given in doses of a. 2-5 mg every 3-4 hours b. 10-12 mg every 4 hours c. 1-2mg every 8 hours d. 25 mg every 6 hours 3. If you are treating a patient that has renal failure, what type of pain medications should you avoid? a. Opioids b. NSAIDs c. Nonopioids d. Short-acting analgesics 4. A common side effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitors is a. Suicidal thoughts b. Toxic epidermal necrosis c. Heart failure d. cough 1. Which of the following is an action of the drug Metformin? A. Decreases hepatic glucose production B. Limits seizure propagation by altering ion transport C. Inhibits transport of calcium into myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells D. Prevent chronic asthma 2. Which of the following are common side effects when taking the drug Phenytoin. Select all that apply. A. Drowsiness B. Increased suicidal thoughts C. Ataxia D. Dry mouth 3. Samuel, a 65-year-old patient comes into the hospital for an anginal attack. Which of the following is an important nursing intervention when administering Nitroglycerine? A. If the patient has more pain, apply another transdermal patch and keep the others on B. Don’t wash the skin after removing a transdermal patch C. Remove the transdermal patch 10-12 hours every night to prevent tolerance D. Monitor blood pressure only after administration 4. How can Ondansetron be administered? Select all that apply. A. PO B. IV C. Subcutaneous D. IM COLLAPSE 1. Albuterol can be given in all but which of these forms: a. extended release b. inhalation c. intravenously d. orally 2. A side effect given off by omeprazole is: a. bloody stools