Biology 1108 Final Exam Questions with
Correct Answers 2025
MonophyleticWGroupW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
includesWallWtheWdescendantsWofWaWcommonWancestor,WandWitsWconsideredWaWnaturalWgroupingWo
fWorganismsWbasedWonWaWsharedWancestry.
ParaphyleticWGroupW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
someW(notWall)WofWdescendantsWofWaWcommonWancestor
PolyphyleticWGroupW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
organismsWfromWdistinctWlineagesWbasedWonWsharedWcharacters,WbutWnoWcommonWancestor
HomologiesW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-similaritiesWbasedWonWsharedWancestry
AnalogiesW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-similaritiesWbasedWonWindependentWadaptations
SynapomorphiesW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-shared,WderivedWcharacters.
FossilsW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-remainsWofWorganismsWpreservedWinWsedimentaryWrock
CambrianWExplosionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-firstWmajorWmarineWlifeWdiversityWexploded—
significantWbenchmarkWinWtime
PhenotypeW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-expressionWofWaWphysical,Wbehavioral,WorWbiochemicalWtrait
GenotypeW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
geneticWmakeupWofWaWcellWorWorganism,WtheWparticularWcombinationWofWallelesWpresentWinWanWin
dividual
, SomaticW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-NonWreproductiveWcellsWthatWmakeWupWbodyWtissues
Germ-LineW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
hasWtoWdoWwithWsexualWcellsWandWgametesW(canWbeWpassedWon)
RecombinationW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
givesWnewWcombinationsWnotWpresentWinWpopulationW(usedWtoWdescribeWgenes,WnotWalleles)
Hardy-WeinbergWEquilibriumW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
describeWsituationsWinWwhichWalleleWfrequenciesWdoWnotWchange
NaturalWSelectionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
differentialWreproductiveWsuccessWofWgeneticWvariants.WHarmfulWallelesWareWdeletedWoverWtimeWa
ndWbeneficialWonesWincreaseWinWfrequency
SexualWSelectionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
evolutionWofWtraitsWthatWincreaseWanWindividualsWaccessWtoWmembersWofWoppositeWsex
GeneWFlowW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-MovementWofWallelesWbetweenWpopulations
MigrationW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-geneWflowWandWtendsWtoWhaveWhomogenizingWeffect
Berman'sWRuleW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWfurtherWNorthWorWSouthWfromWtheWequatorWyouWgo,WtheWstockierWtheWorganisms
BiologicalWSpeciesWConceptW(BSC)W-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
speciesWareWgroupsWofWactually/potentiallyWinterbreedingWpopulationsWthatWareWreproductivelyWi
solatedWfromWotherWgroups.WEmphasizesWreproductiveWisolation.
Correct Answers 2025
MonophyleticWGroupW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
includesWallWtheWdescendantsWofWaWcommonWancestor,WandWitsWconsideredWaWnaturalWgroupingWo
fWorganismsWbasedWonWaWsharedWancestry.
ParaphyleticWGroupW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
someW(notWall)WofWdescendantsWofWaWcommonWancestor
PolyphyleticWGroupW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
organismsWfromWdistinctWlineagesWbasedWonWsharedWcharacters,WbutWnoWcommonWancestor
HomologiesW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-similaritiesWbasedWonWsharedWancestry
AnalogiesW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-similaritiesWbasedWonWindependentWadaptations
SynapomorphiesW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-shared,WderivedWcharacters.
FossilsW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-remainsWofWorganismsWpreservedWinWsedimentaryWrock
CambrianWExplosionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-firstWmajorWmarineWlifeWdiversityWexploded—
significantWbenchmarkWinWtime
PhenotypeW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-expressionWofWaWphysical,Wbehavioral,WorWbiochemicalWtrait
GenotypeW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
geneticWmakeupWofWaWcellWorWorganism,WtheWparticularWcombinationWofWallelesWpresentWinWanWin
dividual
, SomaticW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-NonWreproductiveWcellsWthatWmakeWupWbodyWtissues
Germ-LineW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
hasWtoWdoWwithWsexualWcellsWandWgametesW(canWbeWpassedWon)
RecombinationW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
givesWnewWcombinationsWnotWpresentWinWpopulationW(usedWtoWdescribeWgenes,WnotWalleles)
Hardy-WeinbergWEquilibriumW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
describeWsituationsWinWwhichWalleleWfrequenciesWdoWnotWchange
NaturalWSelectionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
differentialWreproductiveWsuccessWofWgeneticWvariants.WHarmfulWallelesWareWdeletedWoverWtimeWa
ndWbeneficialWonesWincreaseWinWfrequency
SexualWSelectionW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
evolutionWofWtraitsWthatWincreaseWanWindividualsWaccessWtoWmembersWofWoppositeWsex
GeneWFlowW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-MovementWofWallelesWbetweenWpopulations
MigrationW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-geneWflowWandWtendsWtoWhaveWhomogenizingWeffect
Berman'sWRuleW-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
TheWfurtherWNorthWorWSouthWfromWtheWequatorWyouWgo,WtheWstockierWtheWorganisms
BiologicalWSpeciesWConceptW(BSC)W-WCORRECTWANSWERW-
speciesWareWgroupsWofWactually/potentiallyWinterbreedingWpopulationsWthatWareWreproductivelyWi
solatedWfromWotherWgroups.WEmphasizesWreproductiveWisolation.
