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PMC I EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
How do anaerobic mechanisms active metronidazole? - ANS they reduce the nitro group in
metronidazole to a hydroxylamine, during which a reactive derivative or reactive species are
produced that cause destructive effects on cell components
what are the 2 metronidazole metabolites? - ANS 2-hydroxymethylmetronidazole (HM)
metronidazole acetic acid (MAA)
what is metronidazole the DOC for? - ANS Protozoal infections amebiasis, giardiasis, and
trichomoniasis
common side effects of metronidazole - ANS Abdominal distress
A metallic taste in mouth
Disulfiram-like effect if taken with alcohol.
tinidazole structure - ANS
SMX-TMP with pneumocystosis - ANS A successful method for treatment and prophylaxis of
pneumocystis in patients with AIDS.
Pentamidine Isethionate structure - ANS
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Pentamidine MOA - ANS Inhibit topoisomerase in Pneumocystis carinii
Selectively binds to the DNA in trypanosoma parasite
atovaquone structure - ANS
atovaquone MOA - ANS Inhibits the cytochrome bc1 complex in the electron transport chain
MOA of quinoline anti-malarials - ANS MOA-Interfere with hemoglobin digestion in the blood
stages of the malaria parasite's life cycle
resistance against quinoline anti-malarials - ANS due to an increased vacuolar pH or to
changes in a chloroquine importer or receptor
quinoline structure - ANS
Quinine structure - ANS
chloroquine structure - ANS
mefloquine structure - ANS
primaquine structure - ANS
drug therapy for helminth infections - ANS Benzimidazoles
Diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan)
Ivermectin (Mectizan)
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Praziquantel (Biltricide)
Oxamniquine (Mansil, Vansil)
Benzimidazoles MOA - ANS inhibit fumarate reductase
binding to the protein tubule
Ivermectin is commonly used to treat - ANS onchocerciasis (African river blindness)
Praziquantel is used to treat - ANS schistosomiasis and liver flukes
what was the first known anti-malarial agent? - ANS Quinine
which anti-malarial can be used against chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium? -
ANS Mefloquine
adverse effects of Mefloquine - ANS Neuropsychiatric effects may be serious (e.g., suicidal
tendencies or seizures) or minor (e.g., dizziness, vertigo, ataxia, and headaches).
Also have gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects.
what is the drug of choice for the treatment of relapsing vivax and ovale forms of malaria? -
ANS Primaquine
why is primaquine not give for long-term treatment? - ANS because of potential toxicity and
sensitization.
which hepatitis virus is NOT a RNA virus? - ANS Hepatitis B, its a DNA virus
PMC I EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS
How do anaerobic mechanisms active metronidazole? - ANS they reduce the nitro group in
metronidazole to a hydroxylamine, during which a reactive derivative or reactive species are
produced that cause destructive effects on cell components
what are the 2 metronidazole metabolites? - ANS 2-hydroxymethylmetronidazole (HM)
metronidazole acetic acid (MAA)
what is metronidazole the DOC for? - ANS Protozoal infections amebiasis, giardiasis, and
trichomoniasis
common side effects of metronidazole - ANS Abdominal distress
A metallic taste in mouth
Disulfiram-like effect if taken with alcohol.
tinidazole structure - ANS
SMX-TMP with pneumocystosis - ANS A successful method for treatment and prophylaxis of
pneumocystis in patients with AIDS.
Pentamidine Isethionate structure - ANS
, ©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Pentamidine MOA - ANS Inhibit topoisomerase in Pneumocystis carinii
Selectively binds to the DNA in trypanosoma parasite
atovaquone structure - ANS
atovaquone MOA - ANS Inhibits the cytochrome bc1 complex in the electron transport chain
MOA of quinoline anti-malarials - ANS MOA-Interfere with hemoglobin digestion in the blood
stages of the malaria parasite's life cycle
resistance against quinoline anti-malarials - ANS due to an increased vacuolar pH or to
changes in a chloroquine importer or receptor
quinoline structure - ANS
Quinine structure - ANS
chloroquine structure - ANS
mefloquine structure - ANS
primaquine structure - ANS
drug therapy for helminth infections - ANS Benzimidazoles
Diethylcarbamazine (Hetrazan)
Ivermectin (Mectizan)
, ©THESTAR 2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Praziquantel (Biltricide)
Oxamniquine (Mansil, Vansil)
Benzimidazoles MOA - ANS inhibit fumarate reductase
binding to the protein tubule
Ivermectin is commonly used to treat - ANS onchocerciasis (African river blindness)
Praziquantel is used to treat - ANS schistosomiasis and liver flukes
what was the first known anti-malarial agent? - ANS Quinine
which anti-malarial can be used against chloroquine-resistant strains of plasmodium? -
ANS Mefloquine
adverse effects of Mefloquine - ANS Neuropsychiatric effects may be serious (e.g., suicidal
tendencies or seizures) or minor (e.g., dizziness, vertigo, ataxia, and headaches).
Also have gastrointestinal and cardiovascular side effects.
what is the drug of choice for the treatment of relapsing vivax and ovale forms of malaria? -
ANS Primaquine
why is primaquine not give for long-term treatment? - ANS because of potential toxicity and
sensitization.
which hepatitis virus is NOT a RNA virus? - ANS Hepatitis B, its a DNA virus
