Test Bank - Pilbeam’s Mechanical Ventilation-Physiological and Clinical Applications, 7th Edition (Cairo, 2020), Chapter 1-23 | All Chapters

,
,Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation
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Test Bank
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MULTIPLE CHOICE ui




1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is
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known as which of the following?
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a. External respiration ui



b. Internal respiration ui



c. Spontaneous ventilation ui



d. Mechanical ventilation ui




ANS: C ui


The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilatio
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n. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this would b
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e spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the excha
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nge of oxygen (O2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) between the alveoli a
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nd the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cel
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lular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blo
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od into the cells.
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DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 u i ui




2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?
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a. Red blood cells and body cells ui ui ui ui ui



b. Scalenes and trapezius ui ui


muscles
c. Alveoli and pulmonary ui ui


capillaries
d. External oblique and ui ui


transverse abdominal muscles u i ui




ANS: C ui


External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon d
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ioxide (CO2) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. In
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ternal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movem
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ent of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.
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Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiratio
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n. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are accesso
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ry muscles of expiration.
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, DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 u i ui




3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during n
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ormal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the foll
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owing?
a.
b.
c.
d.


ANS: B ui


During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops fro
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m about -5 cm H2O at end-expiration to about -
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10 cm H2O at end-
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inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change f
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rom -5 cm H2O to -10 cm H2O.
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DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4 u i ui




4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (PA) is about:
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.
a. - 1 cm H2O ui ui ui



b. + 1 cm H2O ui ui ui



c. 0 cm H2O ui ui



d. 5 cm H2O ui ui




ANS: A ui


-
1 cm H2O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during norma
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l spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a normal spon
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taneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H2O.
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DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3 u i ui




5. The pressure required to maintain alveolar inflation is known as
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which of the following?ui ui ui



a. Transairway pressure (PTA ) ui ui ui



b. Transthoracic pressure (PTT) ui ui