AP BIOLOGY UNIT 1 REVIEW TEST
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
noncompetitive inhibitor - Answer-A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by
binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no
longer binds to the substrate.
competitive inhibitor - Answer-A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by
entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
active site - Answer-a region on an enzyme that binds to a substrate during a reaction
allosteric site - Answer-The place on an enzyme where a molecule that is not a
substrate may bind, thus changing the shape of the enzyme and influencing its ability to
be active
amino acid - Answer-monomer of protein
amphipathic - Answer-having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region
carbohydrate - Answer-compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms;
major source of energy for living organisms
carbon - Answer-element that makes up living things; forms many bonds
catalyst - Answer-substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
denaturation - Answer-A process in which a protein unravels, losing its specific structure
and hence function; can be caused by changes in pH or salt concentration or by high
temperature. Also refers to the separation of the two strands of the DNA double helix,
caused by similar factors.
dissacharide - Answer-A molecule made of two monosaccharides.
hydrogen bond - Answer-Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a
slightly negative atom.
hydrophilic - Answer-Attracted to water
hydrophobic - Answer-Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water.
ion - Answer-A charged atom
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
noncompetitive inhibitor - Answer-A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by
binding to a location remote from the active site, changing its conformation so that it no
longer binds to the substrate.
competitive inhibitor - Answer-A substance that reduces the activity of an enzyme by
entering the active site in place of the substrate whose structure it mimics.
active site - Answer-a region on an enzyme that binds to a substrate during a reaction
allosteric site - Answer-The place on an enzyme where a molecule that is not a
substrate may bind, thus changing the shape of the enzyme and influencing its ability to
be active
amino acid - Answer-monomer of protein
amphipathic - Answer-having both a hydrophilic region and a hydrophobic region
carbohydrate - Answer-compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms;
major source of energy for living organisms
carbon - Answer-element that makes up living things; forms many bonds
catalyst - Answer-substance that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction
denaturation - Answer-A process in which a protein unravels, losing its specific structure
and hence function; can be caused by changes in pH or salt concentration or by high
temperature. Also refers to the separation of the two strands of the DNA double helix,
caused by similar factors.
dissacharide - Answer-A molecule made of two monosaccharides.
hydrogen bond - Answer-Attraction between a slightly positive hydrogen atom and a
slightly negative atom.
hydrophilic - Answer-Attracted to water
hydrophobic - Answer-Having an aversion to water; tending to coalesce and form
droplets in water.
ion - Answer-A charged atom
