COMPLETE 2025/2026 ATI - MED SURG PRACTICE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .with .an .older .adult .client .who .has .osteoporosis. .Which
.of .the .following .instructions .should .the .nurse .in .the .teaching? .
a) ."Place .throw .rugs .on .wooden .floors .at .home. ." .
b) ."Supplement .your .diet .with .vitamin .E." .
c) ."Swim .laps .for .20 .minutes .twice .per .week." .
d) ."Take .calcium .supplements .with .meals." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) ."Take .calcium
.supplements .with .meals." .(The .nurse .should .instruct .the .client .to .take .calcium .carbonate
.supplements .with .or .following .meals .to .increase .absorption .and .effectiveness.)
2. .A .nurse .is .reviewing .the .medication .record .of .a .client .who .is .taking .digoxin. .Which .of
.the .following .medications .should .the .nurse .identify .as .increasing .the .risk .for .the .client .to
.develop .digoxin .toxicity? .
a) .Potassium .chloride .
b) .Famotidine .
c) .Levothyroxine .
d) .Furosemide .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) .Furosemide .(The .nurse .should .identify .that .loop
.diuretics, .such .as .furosemide, .increase .the .urinary .excretion .of .potassium, .which .can .lead
.to .hypokalemia. .Hypokalemia .increases .the .risk .for .the .development .of .digoxin .toxicity.)
3. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .about .insulin .injections .with .an .adult .client .who .weighs
.45.4 .kg .(100 .lb.). .Which .of .the .following .statements .by .the .client .indicates .an
.understanding .of .the .teaching? .
a) ."I .should .insert .the .needle .at .a .90-degree .angle." .
,b) ."I .should .give .my .shot .in .my .belly .tissue." .
c) ."I .will .pull .back .on .the .syringe .plunger .to .look .for .blood .before .I .push .the .medication
.in." .
d) ."I .will .use .the .side .of .my .hand .to .pull .my .skin .to .the .side .prior .to .administering .the
.insulin." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) ."I .should .give .my .shot .in .my .belly .tissue."
4. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .discharge .teaching .for .a .client .who .had .a .mechanical .mitral .valve
.replacement. .Which .of .the .following .statements .by .the .client .indicates .an .understanding
.of .the .teaching? .
a) ."I .will .notify .my .dentist .about .this .procedure." .
b) ."I .will .take .an .enteric-coated .aspirin .daily." .
c) ."I .will .use .a .firm-bristled .toothbrush." .
d) ."I .will .weigh .myself .once .a .week." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) ."I .will .notify .my .dentist
.about .this .procedure." .(The .nurse .should .instruct .the .client .to .notify .his .dentist .about
.the .mechanical .mitral .valve .replacement .before .any .procedures .so .antibiotic .therapy .can
.be .initiated .to .reduce .the .risk .of .endocardial .infection.)
5. .A .nurse .is .reviewing .the .medical .record .for .an .older .adult .client .who .is .experiencing
.nausea .and .vomiting. .Based .on .the .client .data, .which .of .the .following .actions .should .the
.nurse .take? .(Click .on .the ."Exhibit" .button .for .additional .client .information. .There .are
.three .tabs .that .contain .separate .categories .of .data.) .View .the .Exhibit .Exhibit .1 .Exhibit .2
.Exhibit .3 .Diagnosis .Results .Sodium .142 .mEq/ .Potassium .4.2 .mEq/L .BUN .36 .mg/dL
.Creatinine .1.4 .mg/dL .Nurses' .Notes .1200: .Alert .and .oriented .x3 .Lungs .clear .to
.auscultation .Decreased .skin .turgor .Dry .mucous .membranes .Graphic .Record .Temperature
.0800: .37.7° .C .(99.9° .F) .1200: .37.2° .C .(99.0° .F) .Pulse .0800: .96/min .1200:105/min
.Respiratory .rate .0800: .18/min .1200: .20/min .Blood .pressure .0800; .118/62 .mmHg .1200:
.104/65 .mm .Hg .
a) .Encourage .the .client .to .ambulate. .
b) .Administer .an .antipyretic .medication. .
c) .Notify .the .charge .nurse .of .the .client's .BUN .level .
d) .Keep .the .temperature .i .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Notify .the .charge .nurse .of .the .client's
.BUN .level .(The .client's .BUN .level .is .above .the .expected .reference .range .of .10 .to .20
.mg/dL, .which .indicates .dehydration .and .impaired .renal .function. .The .nurse .should .notify
,.the .charge .nurse .of .this .finding .and .anticipate .interventions .to .restore .the .client's .fluid
.volume.)
6. .A .nurse .is .providing .information .regarding .transmission-based .precautions .for .a .client
.who .has .Clostridium .difficile .to .assistive .personnel .(AP). .Which .of .the .following
.instructions .should .the .nurse .include? .(Select .all .that .apply). .
a) ."Provide .the .client .with .disposable .utensils .and .dishes .for .meals." .
b) ."Leave .blood .pressure .equipment .in .the .client's .room." .
c) ."Clean .contaminated .surfaces .with .a .bleach .solution." .
d) ."Use .an .alcohol-based .hand .sanitizer .after .client .care." .
e) ."Wear .a .face .mask .when .in .the .client's .room." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) ."Provide .the
.client .with .disposable .utensils .and .dishes .for .meals." .(Clients .who .have .C. .difficile .require
.contact .precautions, .which .include .using .disposable .utensils .and .dishes .during .meals .to
.prevent .exposure .to .contaminants .by .others.) .
b) ."Leave .blood .pressure .equipment .in .the .client's .room." .(When .using .contact
.precautions, .the .health .care .staff .should .dedicate .equipment .to .single-client .use .to
.prevent .transmission .of .the .pathogen.) .
c) ."Clean .contaminated .surfaces .with .a .bleach .solution." .(The .health .care .staff .should .use
.a .bleach .solution .to .clean .equipment .to .prevent .transmission .of .the .pathogen.)
7. .A .nurse .is .admitting .a .client .who .is .suspected .having .active .tuberculosis .(TB). .Which .of
.the .following .actions .should .the .nurse .take .first? .(chap. .20) .
a) .Administer .antituberculosis .medication. .
b) .Institute .airborne .precautions. .
c) .Obtain .sputum .cultures. .
d) .Auscultate .breath .sounds. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .Institute .airborne .precautions. .(The
.greatest .risk .from .this .client .is .transmitting .TB .to .staff .and .other .clients. .Therefore, .the
.first .action .the .nurse .should .take .is .to .implement .airborne .precautions.)
8. .A .nurse .is .caring .for .a .client .who .is .postoperative .and .has .a .Jackson-Pratt .drain. .Which
.of .the .following .actions .should .the .nurse .take? .
a) .Fill .the .bulb .reservoir .with .0.9% .sodium .chloride. .
, b) .Allow .the .Jackson-Pratt .drain .to .hang .freely. .
c) .Cut .a .slit .in .a .gauze .sponge .and .apply .it .around .the .tubing .insertion .site. .
d) .Compress .the .bulb .reservoir .and .then .close .the .drainage .valve. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d)
.Compress .the .bulb .reservoir .and .then .close .the .drainage .valve. .(The .nurse .should .fully
.compress .the .bulb .reservoir .and .then .replace .the .valve .plug .using .aseptic .technique .to
.establish .suction .after .emptying .or .activating .a .Jackson-Pratt .drain.)
9. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .with .the .parent .of .a .toddler .who .has .type .I .diabetes
.mellitus .and .whose .prescription .has .been .changed .from .regular .insulin .to .lispro .insulin.
.Which .of .the .following .information .should .the .nurse .include .in .the .teaching? .
a) .Lispro .is .given .once .a .day. .
b) .Lispro .should .be .given .before .eating. .
c) .Lispro .cannot .be .given .with .other .insulin. .
d) .Lispro .does .not .cause .hypoglycemia. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .Lispro .should .be .given
.before .eating. .(Lispro .insulin .should .be .given .around .mealtime, .within .15 .min .before .or
.after .eating.)
10. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .with .a .client .who .has .microcytic .anemia .and .is
.prescribed .a .daily .iron .supplement. .The .nurse .tells .the .client .to .consume .foods
.containing .vitamin .C .when .taking .the .supplement .to .enhance .iron .absorption. .Which .of
.the .following .client .food .choices .indicates .an .understanding .of .the .teaching? .
a) .1 .cup .cooked .brown .rice .
b) .1 .cup .boiled .broccoli .
c) .1 .cup .cottage .cheese .
d) .1 .cup .cooked .kidney .beans .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .1 .cup .boiled .broccoli .(The .nurse
.should .determine .that .choosing .boiled .broccoli .indicates .an .understanding .of .the
.teaching .because .1 .cup .contains .101 .mg .of .vitamin .C .per .serving.)
11. .A .nurse .is .assisting .with .the .development .of .a .plan .of .care .to .manage .pain .for .a
.client .who .has .herpes .zoster .with .lesions .on .the .lower .extremities. .Which .of .the
.following .interventions .should .the .nurse .include .in .the .plan .of .care? .
a) .Keep .bed .linens .off .of .the .affected .areas. .
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
1. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .with .an .older .adult .client .who .has .osteoporosis. .Which
.of .the .following .instructions .should .the .nurse .in .the .teaching? .
a) ."Place .throw .rugs .on .wooden .floors .at .home. ." .
b) ."Supplement .your .diet .with .vitamin .E." .
c) ."Swim .laps .for .20 .minutes .twice .per .week." .
d) ."Take .calcium .supplements .with .meals." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) ."Take .calcium
.supplements .with .meals." .(The .nurse .should .instruct .the .client .to .take .calcium .carbonate
.supplements .with .or .following .meals .to .increase .absorption .and .effectiveness.)
2. .A .nurse .is .reviewing .the .medication .record .of .a .client .who .is .taking .digoxin. .Which .of
.the .following .medications .should .the .nurse .identify .as .increasing .the .risk .for .the .client .to
.develop .digoxin .toxicity? .
a) .Potassium .chloride .
b) .Famotidine .
c) .Levothyroxine .
d) .Furosemide .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d) .Furosemide .(The .nurse .should .identify .that .loop
.diuretics, .such .as .furosemide, .increase .the .urinary .excretion .of .potassium, .which .can .lead
.to .hypokalemia. .Hypokalemia .increases .the .risk .for .the .development .of .digoxin .toxicity.)
3. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .about .insulin .injections .with .an .adult .client .who .weighs
.45.4 .kg .(100 .lb.). .Which .of .the .following .statements .by .the .client .indicates .an
.understanding .of .the .teaching? .
a) ."I .should .insert .the .needle .at .a .90-degree .angle." .
,b) ."I .should .give .my .shot .in .my .belly .tissue." .
c) ."I .will .pull .back .on .the .syringe .plunger .to .look .for .blood .before .I .push .the .medication
.in." .
d) ."I .will .use .the .side .of .my .hand .to .pull .my .skin .to .the .side .prior .to .administering .the
.insulin." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) ."I .should .give .my .shot .in .my .belly .tissue."
4. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .discharge .teaching .for .a .client .who .had .a .mechanical .mitral .valve
.replacement. .Which .of .the .following .statements .by .the .client .indicates .an .understanding
.of .the .teaching? .
a) ."I .will .notify .my .dentist .about .this .procedure." .
b) ."I .will .take .an .enteric-coated .aspirin .daily." .
c) ."I .will .use .a .firm-bristled .toothbrush." .
d) ."I .will .weigh .myself .once .a .week." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) ."I .will .notify .my .dentist
.about .this .procedure." .(The .nurse .should .instruct .the .client .to .notify .his .dentist .about
.the .mechanical .mitral .valve .replacement .before .any .procedures .so .antibiotic .therapy .can
.be .initiated .to .reduce .the .risk .of .endocardial .infection.)
5. .A .nurse .is .reviewing .the .medical .record .for .an .older .adult .client .who .is .experiencing
.nausea .and .vomiting. .Based .on .the .client .data, .which .of .the .following .actions .should .the
.nurse .take? .(Click .on .the ."Exhibit" .button .for .additional .client .information. .There .are
.three .tabs .that .contain .separate .categories .of .data.) .View .the .Exhibit .Exhibit .1 .Exhibit .2
.Exhibit .3 .Diagnosis .Results .Sodium .142 .mEq/ .Potassium .4.2 .mEq/L .BUN .36 .mg/dL
.Creatinine .1.4 .mg/dL .Nurses' .Notes .1200: .Alert .and .oriented .x3 .Lungs .clear .to
.auscultation .Decreased .skin .turgor .Dry .mucous .membranes .Graphic .Record .Temperature
.0800: .37.7° .C .(99.9° .F) .1200: .37.2° .C .(99.0° .F) .Pulse .0800: .96/min .1200:105/min
.Respiratory .rate .0800: .18/min .1200: .20/min .Blood .pressure .0800; .118/62 .mmHg .1200:
.104/65 .mm .Hg .
a) .Encourage .the .client .to .ambulate. .
b) .Administer .an .antipyretic .medication. .
c) .Notify .the .charge .nurse .of .the .client's .BUN .level .
d) .Keep .the .temperature .i .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-c) .Notify .the .charge .nurse .of .the .client's
.BUN .level .(The .client's .BUN .level .is .above .the .expected .reference .range .of .10 .to .20
.mg/dL, .which .indicates .dehydration .and .impaired .renal .function. .The .nurse .should .notify
,.the .charge .nurse .of .this .finding .and .anticipate .interventions .to .restore .the .client's .fluid
.volume.)
6. .A .nurse .is .providing .information .regarding .transmission-based .precautions .for .a .client
.who .has .Clostridium .difficile .to .assistive .personnel .(AP). .Which .of .the .following
.instructions .should .the .nurse .include? .(Select .all .that .apply). .
a) ."Provide .the .client .with .disposable .utensils .and .dishes .for .meals." .
b) ."Leave .blood .pressure .equipment .in .the .client's .room." .
c) ."Clean .contaminated .surfaces .with .a .bleach .solution." .
d) ."Use .an .alcohol-based .hand .sanitizer .after .client .care." .
e) ."Wear .a .face .mask .when .in .the .client's .room." .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-a) ."Provide .the
.client .with .disposable .utensils .and .dishes .for .meals." .(Clients .who .have .C. .difficile .require
.contact .precautions, .which .include .using .disposable .utensils .and .dishes .during .meals .to
.prevent .exposure .to .contaminants .by .others.) .
b) ."Leave .blood .pressure .equipment .in .the .client's .room." .(When .using .contact
.precautions, .the .health .care .staff .should .dedicate .equipment .to .single-client .use .to
.prevent .transmission .of .the .pathogen.) .
c) ."Clean .contaminated .surfaces .with .a .bleach .solution." .(The .health .care .staff .should .use
.a .bleach .solution .to .clean .equipment .to .prevent .transmission .of .the .pathogen.)
7. .A .nurse .is .admitting .a .client .who .is .suspected .having .active .tuberculosis .(TB). .Which .of
.the .following .actions .should .the .nurse .take .first? .(chap. .20) .
a) .Administer .antituberculosis .medication. .
b) .Institute .airborne .precautions. .
c) .Obtain .sputum .cultures. .
d) .Auscultate .breath .sounds. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .Institute .airborne .precautions. .(The
.greatest .risk .from .this .client .is .transmitting .TB .to .staff .and .other .clients. .Therefore, .the
.first .action .the .nurse .should .take .is .to .implement .airborne .precautions.)
8. .A .nurse .is .caring .for .a .client .who .is .postoperative .and .has .a .Jackson-Pratt .drain. .Which
.of .the .following .actions .should .the .nurse .take? .
a) .Fill .the .bulb .reservoir .with .0.9% .sodium .chloride. .
, b) .Allow .the .Jackson-Pratt .drain .to .hang .freely. .
c) .Cut .a .slit .in .a .gauze .sponge .and .apply .it .around .the .tubing .insertion .site. .
d) .Compress .the .bulb .reservoir .and .then .close .the .drainage .valve. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-d)
.Compress .the .bulb .reservoir .and .then .close .the .drainage .valve. .(The .nurse .should .fully
.compress .the .bulb .reservoir .and .then .replace .the .valve .plug .using .aseptic .technique .to
.establish .suction .after .emptying .or .activating .a .Jackson-Pratt .drain.)
9. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .with .the .parent .of .a .toddler .who .has .type .I .diabetes
.mellitus .and .whose .prescription .has .been .changed .from .regular .insulin .to .lispro .insulin.
.Which .of .the .following .information .should .the .nurse .include .in .the .teaching? .
a) .Lispro .is .given .once .a .day. .
b) .Lispro .should .be .given .before .eating. .
c) .Lispro .cannot .be .given .with .other .insulin. .
d) .Lispro .does .not .cause .hypoglycemia. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .Lispro .should .be .given
.before .eating. .(Lispro .insulin .should .be .given .around .mealtime, .within .15 .min .before .or
.after .eating.)
10. .A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .with .a .client .who .has .microcytic .anemia .and .is
.prescribed .a .daily .iron .supplement. .The .nurse .tells .the .client .to .consume .foods
.containing .vitamin .C .when .taking .the .supplement .to .enhance .iron .absorption. .Which .of
.the .following .client .food .choices .indicates .an .understanding .of .the .teaching? .
a) .1 .cup .cooked .brown .rice .
b) .1 .cup .boiled .broccoli .
c) .1 .cup .cottage .cheese .
d) .1 .cup .cooked .kidney .beans .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-b) .1 .cup .boiled .broccoli .(The .nurse
.should .determine .that .choosing .boiled .broccoli .indicates .an .understanding .of .the
.teaching .because .1 .cup .contains .101 .mg .of .vitamin .C .per .serving.)
11. .A .nurse .is .assisting .with .the .development .of .a .plan .of .care .to .manage .pain .for .a
.client .who .has .herpes .zoster .with .lesions .on .the .lower .extremities. .Which .of .the
.following .interventions .should .the .nurse .include .in .the .plan .of .care? .
a) .Keep .bed .linens .off .of .the .affected .areas. .
