MEDICAL SURGICAL ASSESSMENT A WITH QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026

MEDICAL SURGICAL ASSESSMENT A WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026




A .nurse .is .reviewing .the .laboratory .results .of .a .client .who .is .scheduled .for .a .CT .scan .with
.an .IV .contrast .agent. .Which .of .the .following .laboratory .findings .should .the .nurse .report

.to .the .provider .prior .to .the .procedure?




A) .Sodium .136 .mEq/L

B) .Potassium .4.8 .mEq/L

C) .Creatinine .1.9 .mg/dL

D) .Calcium .10 .mg/dL .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-C) .Creatinine .1.9 .mg/dL



Creatinine .1.9 .mg/dL .is .not .within .the .expected .reference .range. .Therefore, .the .nurse
.should .report .the .finding .to .the .provider .before .the .client .has .a .CT .scan .with .an .IV

.contrast .agent. .This .finding .places .the .client .at .risk .for .developing .contrast-induced

.nephropathy.




A .nurse .is .monitoring .a .client .who .is .taking .acarbose. .Which .of .the .following .findings
.should .the .nurse .identify .as .an .adverse .effect .of .the .medication?




A) .Polyuria

B) .Abdominal .cramps

C) .Renal .insufficiency

D) .Insomnia .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-B) .Abdominal .cramps

,Acarbose .affects .the .gastrointestinal .system. .Therefore, .the .nurse .should .monitor .the
.client .for .abdominal .cramping, .rumbling .bowel .sounds, .and .diarrhea .as .adverse .effects .of

.this .medication.




A .nurse .is .assisting .with .the .care .of .a .client .who .had .a .cardiac .catheterization .via .the
.right .femoral .artery. .Which .of .the .following .actions .should .the .nurse .take .to .prevent

.postprocedure .complications? .(Select .all)




A) .Monitor .the .insertion .site .for .bleeding

B) .Position .the .affected .extremity .at .a .45 .degree .angle

C) .Restrict .the .client's .fluid .intake

D) .Maintain .the .pressure .dressing

E) .Check .the .client's .peripheral .pulses .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A) .Monitor .the .insertion .site
.for .bleeding




The .nurse .should .monitor .the .client's .insertion .site .for .manifestations .of .hemorrhaging.



D) .Maintain .the .pressure .dressing.



The .nurse .should .maintain .the .client's .pressure .dressing .to .prevent .hemorrhaging .and
.allow .for .the .cannulation .site .to .heal.




E) .Check .the .client's .peripheral .pulses.



The .nurse .should .assess .the .client's .peripheral .pulses .to .help .identify .signs .of .arterial
.occlusion.




A .nurse .is .contributing .to .the .plan .of .care .for .a .client .who .has .chronic .obstructive
.pulmonary .disease .(COPD) .and .is .dyspneic. .Which .of .the .following .interventions .should

.the .nurse .include .in .the .plan?

,A) .Encourage .abdominal .breathing

B) .Direct .the .client .to .inhale .with .pursed .lips

C) .Set .the .oxygen .therapy .at .5L/min

D) .Instruct .the .client .to .lean .back .while .coughing .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A) .Encourage
.abdominal .breathing




The .nurse .should .encourage .abdominal .breathing, .which .reduces .the .workload .on .the
.accessory .muscles .of .respiration .during .dyspneic .episodes.




A .nurse .is .preparing .to .administer .phytonadione .7 .mg .subcutaneously .to .a .client .who .has
.an .INR .of .4. .Available .is .phytonadione .10 .mg/mL. .How .many .mL .should .the .nurse

.administer? .(Round .the .answer .to .the .nearest .tenth. .Use .a .leading .zero .is .it .applies. .Do

.not .use .a .trailing .zero. .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-7mg/10 .mg .*1mL= .0.7 .mL




A .nurse .is .examining .a .client's .IV .site .and .notes .a .red .line .up .his .arm. .The .client .reports
.a .throbbing, .burning .pain .at .the .IV .site. .The .nurse .should .identify .that .the .client's

.manifestations .indicate .which .of .the .following .complications .of .IV .therapy?




A) .Thrombophlebitis

B) .Infiltration

C) .Hematoma

D) .Venous .spasms .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A) .Thrombophlebitis



The .nurse .should .identify .pain, .warmth, .and .a .red .streak .up .the .arm .as .indications .of
.thrombophlebitis.




A .nurse .is .reinforcing .teaching .about .management .of .constipation .with .a .client .who .has
.hypothyroidism. .Which .of .the .following .should .the .nurse .include .in .the .teaching?




A) .Increase .intake .of .fiber-rich .foods

B) .Take .a .laxative .every .morning

, C) .Maintain .a .fluid .intake .of .1200 .mL .per .day

D) .Limit .activity .to .preserve .energy .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A) .Increase .intake .of .fiber-rich
.foods




The .nurse .should .instruct .the .client .to .increase .the .amount .of .fiber-rich .foods .in .his .diet.
.Dried .beans .and .brown .rice .are .examples .of .fiber-rich .foods.




A .nurse .is .caring .for .a .client .who .has .a .compound .fracture .of .the .femur .and .was .placed
.in .balanced .suspension .skeletal .traction .4 .days .ago. .Which .of .the .following .actions

.should .the .nurse .take?




A) .Perform .pin .site .care .daily

B) .Remove .the .overbed .trapeze

C) .Remove .the .boot .every .2 .hr

D) .Keep .the .weights .on .a .stable, .flat .surface .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-A) .Perform .pin .site .care
.daily




The .nurse .should .perform .pin .site .care .daily .with .chlorhexidine .solution .or .use .a .solution
.according .to .facility .protocol. .The .nurse .should .also .monitor .the .pin .sites .for

.manifestations .of .infection.




A .nurse .observes .a .client .who .is .lying .in .bed .experiencing .a .tonic-clonic .seizure. .Which .of
.the .following .actions .should .the .nurse .take?




A) .Lower .the .side .rails .of .the .client's .bed

B) .Apply .wrist .restraints .to .the .client

C) .Position .the .client .in .the .semi-Fowler's .position

D) .Loosen .clothing .around .the .client's .neck .- .CORRECT .ANSWER-D) .Loosen .clothing
.around .the .client's .neck