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Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
f f f f f f f
Multiple fChoice
Identify fthe fchoice fthat fbest fcompletes fthe fstatement for fanswers fthe fquestion.
1. Which fstatement fregarding fthe fsodium–potassium fpump fis fcorrect?
1. The fcell’s fplasma fmembrane fis fmore fsoluble fto fsodium fions fthan fpotassium fions.
2. The fconcentration fof fsodium fions fshould fbe fhigher finside fthe fcell fcompartment.
3. The fconcentration fof fpotassium fions fshould fbe fhigher foutside fthe fcell
compartment.
f
4. The factive ftransport finvolves fpumping fout fthree fsodium fions fand fpumping fin ftwo
potassium fions.
2. In fthe fabsence fof foxygen, fwhich fcellular ffunction fcreates fthe fsame famount fof fenergy fas fis fcreated fin
the fpresence fof foxygen?
f
1. Dissipation fof fpyruvic facid
2. Initiation fof fthe fcitric facid fcycle
3. Activation fof facetyl-coenzyme fA
4. Creation fof facidosis fvia flactic facid
3. How fmany fadenosine ftriphosphates f(ATPs) fare fproduced fin faerobic fenergy fmetabolism?
1. f f 2
2. f f 3
3. f f 34
4. f f 53
4. Which fcell forganelles fdiffer fin ftheir fnumber faccording fto fthe fcell’s fenergy fneeds?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic facids
4. Deoxyribonucleic facids
5. Which foption fbest fsupports fthe freason fmore fenergy fis fproduced fwhen fa fperson fis fexercising?
1. Exercise fcauses fan fincrease fin fthe fsynthesis fof fprotein.
2. There fis fan fincrease fin fthe fproduction fof fpyruvic facid fin fthe fcells.
3. The fconversion fof fpyruvic facid fto flactic facid fis fincreased fby fexercise.
4. Muscle fcells fhave fmore fmitochondria fto fmeet fenergy fdemands.
6. When fdoes fribosomal fprotein fsynthesis fcease?
1. During fendoplasmic freticulum fstress
2. During fthe fsynthesis fof fadenosine ftriphosphate f(ATP)
3. During fa fsevere fhypoxic fstate
4. During fthe fprocessing fof fprohormone
7. Which fcellular forganelles fare fresponsible ffor fpropelling fmucus fand finhaled fdebris fout fof fthe flungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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3. Secretory fvesicles
4. Endoplasmic freticula
8. f f Which fare fthe fkey fproteins fin fthe fcontractile funits fof fthe fmuscle fcells?
1. Actin fand fmyosin
2. Prohormone fand ftubulin
3. Tubulin fand factin
4. Myosin fand fprohormone
9. f f Which fdeficiency fcauses fTay–Sachs fdisease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal fenzymes
f 10. f Which fis fa fcharacteristic fof fadrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation fof fganglioside
2. Cessation fof fribosomal fprotein fsynthesis
3. Acceleration fof fcellular fproteasome factivity
4. Accumulation fof flong-chain ffatty facids fin fthe fnervous fsystem
f 11. f Which fstatement fregarding fendoplasmic freticulum f(ER) fstress fis fcorrect?
1. During fER fstress, fproteins fare frapidly fdegraded.
2. During fER fstress, flipids fcannot ftravel fto ftheir fproper fintracellular flocations.
3. During fER fstress, flong-chain ffatty facids faccumulate fin fthe fnervous fsystem.
4. During fER fstress, fnondegraded fsubstances faccumulate fin fthe fcells.
f 12. f A fclient fis fdiagnosed fwith ftype f1 fdiabetes fmellitus. fAt fa fcellular flevel, fwhich ffunction fis flikely fto
be finvolved?
f
1. Inability fof fribosomes fto fproduce fa fspecific ftype fof fprotein
2. Incorrect fprocessing fof fa fprotein fby fthe fGolgi fapparatus
3. Stagnation fof fa fpreviously fdynamic faction fin fmicrotubules
4. Obstruction fof fthe fsmooth fendoplasmic freticulum
f 13. f A fnewborn fpatient fexhibits fcharacteristics fof fsevere fphysical fdeformities. fWhich fcellular
fcomponent fis fexamined fto fdetermine fthe fcause fand fprobability fof fthe fdisease fbeing fgenetically
ftransferred?
1. Transfer fRNA
2. Ribosomal fRNA
3. Double fhelix fof fDNA
4. Mitochondrial fDNA
f 14. f A fhiker fexperiences fmuscle fpain fand facidosis fwhile fascending fa fmountain fduring fa flong,
steep fclimb. fWhich fis fthe freason ffor fthese fmanifestations?
f
1. Cellular fhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular fedema
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f 15. f Which ffactor fprovides fDNA fthe funique fmolecular fability fto freplicate?
f
1. The fpairing fof fnitrogenous fbases
2. The fpresence fof fpyrimidine fbases
3. The fpresence fof fnucleotides
4. The fnitrogenous fbase fand fphosphate fbond
f 16. f How fmany fnitrogenous fbases fcompose fa fsingle fcodon?
f
1. f f 2
2. f f 3
3. f f 4
4. f f 5
f 17. f Which fcomponents fform fthe fstructure fof fDNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino facids
3. Fatty facids
4. Phosphates
f 18. f f Which ffactor fis fessential fin forder ffor fprotein fsynthesis fto foccur?
1. Free-standing fribosomes fwithin fthe fcell
2. Protein fblueprint ffrom fthe fcell fof fthe fDNA
3. Specific finformation ffrom fthe fnucleus fof fthe fcell
4. Transfer fRNA fto fmove fthe fprotein fout fof fthe fcell
f 19. f Tetracycline fantibiotic fis fprescribed ffor fan fadult fclient fwith fchlamydia finfection. fWhich fis
f the fmechanism fof faction fof fthe fdrug?
1. It fprevents fthe freplication fof fbacteria.
2. It falters fthe fconfiguration fof fbacterial fcytoplasm.
3. It finterferes fwith fthe ffunction fof fbacterial fribosomes.
4. It finhibits fthe ffunctions fof fbacterial fmitochondria.
f 20. f f Where fdoes fthe fconversion fof fa fprohormone finto fa fhormone ftake fplace?
1. In fthe fribosomes
2. In fthe fGolgi fapparatus
3. In fthe fsecretory fgranules
4. In fthe fendoplasmic freticulum
f 21. Which fis fthe fcell’s f“master fmind”?
f
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi fapparatus
4. Endoplasmic freticulum
Multiple fResponse
Identify fone for fmore fchoices fthat fbest fcomplete fthe fstatement for fanswer fthe fquestion.
f 22. f f Which fstatements fregarding fthe fmicrotubules fare ftrue? fSelect fall fthat fapply.
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Material
Chapter 1, The Cell in Health and Illness
f f f f f f f
Multiple fChoice
Identify fthe fchoice fthat fbest fcompletes fthe fstatement for fanswers fthe fquestion.
1. Which fstatement fregarding fthe fsodium–potassium fpump fis fcorrect?
1. The fcell’s fplasma fmembrane fis fmore fsoluble fto fsodium fions fthan fpotassium fions.
2. The fconcentration fof fsodium fions fshould fbe fhigher finside fthe fcell fcompartment.
3. The fconcentration fof fpotassium fions fshould fbe fhigher foutside fthe fcell
compartment.
f
4. The factive ftransport finvolves fpumping fout fthree fsodium fions fand fpumping fin ftwo
potassium fions.
2. In fthe fabsence fof foxygen, fwhich fcellular ffunction fcreates fthe fsame famount fof fenergy fas fis fcreated fin
the fpresence fof foxygen?
f
1. Dissipation fof fpyruvic facid
2. Initiation fof fthe fcitric facid fcycle
3. Activation fof facetyl-coenzyme fA
4. Creation fof facidosis fvia flactic facid
3. How fmany fadenosine ftriphosphates f(ATPs) fare fproduced fin faerobic fenergy fmetabolism?
1. f f 2
2. f f 3
3. f f 34
4. f f 53
4. Which fcell forganelles fdiffer fin ftheir fnumber faccording fto fthe fcell’s fenergy fneeds?
1. Ribosomes
2. Mitochondria
3. Ribonucleic facids
4. Deoxyribonucleic facids
5. Which foption fbest fsupports fthe freason fmore fenergy fis fproduced fwhen fa fperson fis fexercising?
1. Exercise fcauses fan fincrease fin fthe fsynthesis fof fprotein.
2. There fis fan fincrease fin fthe fproduction fof fpyruvic facid fin fthe fcells.
3. The fconversion fof fpyruvic facid fto flactic facid fis fincreased fby fexercise.
4. Muscle fcells fhave fmore fmitochondria fto fmeet fenergy fdemands.
6. When fdoes fribosomal fprotein fsynthesis fcease?
1. During fendoplasmic freticulum fstress
2. During fthe fsynthesis fof fadenosine ftriphosphate f(ATP)
3. During fa fsevere fhypoxic fstate
4. During fthe fprocessing fof fprohormone
7. Which fcellular forganelles fare fresponsible ffor fpropelling fmucus fand finhaled fdebris fout fof fthe flungs?
1. Cilia
2. Microfilaments
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3. Secretory fvesicles
4. Endoplasmic freticula
8. f f Which fare fthe fkey fproteins fin fthe fcontractile funits fof fthe fmuscle fcells?
1. Actin fand fmyosin
2. Prohormone fand ftubulin
3. Tubulin fand factin
4. Myosin fand fprohormone
9. f f Which fdeficiency fcauses fTay–Sachs fdisease?
1. Proteasome
2. Peroxisome
3. Macrophage
4. Lysosomal fenzymes
f 10. f Which fis fa fcharacteristic fof fadrenoleukodystrophy?
1. Accumulation fof fganglioside
2. Cessation fof fribosomal fprotein fsynthesis
3. Acceleration fof fcellular fproteasome factivity
4. Accumulation fof flong-chain ffatty facids fin fthe fnervous fsystem
f 11. f Which fstatement fregarding fendoplasmic freticulum f(ER) fstress fis fcorrect?
1. During fER fstress, fproteins fare frapidly fdegraded.
2. During fER fstress, flipids fcannot ftravel fto ftheir fproper fintracellular flocations.
3. During fER fstress, flong-chain ffatty facids faccumulate fin fthe fnervous fsystem.
4. During fER fstress, fnondegraded fsubstances faccumulate fin fthe fcells.
f 12. f A fclient fis fdiagnosed fwith ftype f1 fdiabetes fmellitus. fAt fa fcellular flevel, fwhich ffunction fis flikely fto
be finvolved?
f
1. Inability fof fribosomes fto fproduce fa fspecific ftype fof fprotein
2. Incorrect fprocessing fof fa fprotein fby fthe fGolgi fapparatus
3. Stagnation fof fa fpreviously fdynamic faction fin fmicrotubules
4. Obstruction fof fthe fsmooth fendoplasmic freticulum
f 13. f A fnewborn fpatient fexhibits fcharacteristics fof fsevere fphysical fdeformities. fWhich fcellular
fcomponent fis fexamined fto fdetermine fthe fcause fand fprobability fof fthe fdisease fbeing fgenetically
ftransferred?
1. Transfer fRNA
2. Ribosomal fRNA
3. Double fhelix fof fDNA
4. Mitochondrial fDNA
f 14. f A fhiker fexperiences fmuscle fpain fand facidosis fwhile fascending fa fmountain fduring fa flong,
steep fclimb. fWhich fis fthe freason ffor fthese fmanifestations?
f
1. Cellular fhypoxia
2. Autolysis
3. Heterolysis
4. Cellular fedema
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f 15. f Which ffactor fprovides fDNA fthe funique fmolecular fability fto freplicate?
f
1. The fpairing fof fnitrogenous fbases
2. The fpresence fof fpyrimidine fbases
3. The fpresence fof fnucleotides
4. The fnitrogenous fbase fand fphosphate fbond
f 16. f How fmany fnitrogenous fbases fcompose fa fsingle fcodon?
f
1. f f 2
2. f f 3
3. f f 4
4. f f 5
f 17. f Which fcomponents fform fthe fstructure fof fDNA?
1. Nucleotides
2. Amino facids
3. Fatty facids
4. Phosphates
f 18. f f Which ffactor fis fessential fin forder ffor fprotein fsynthesis fto foccur?
1. Free-standing fribosomes fwithin fthe fcell
2. Protein fblueprint ffrom fthe fcell fof fthe fDNA
3. Specific finformation ffrom fthe fnucleus fof fthe fcell
4. Transfer fRNA fto fmove fthe fprotein fout fof fthe fcell
f 19. f Tetracycline fantibiotic fis fprescribed ffor fan fadult fclient fwith fchlamydia finfection. fWhich fis
f the fmechanism fof faction fof fthe fdrug?
1. It fprevents fthe freplication fof fbacteria.
2. It falters fthe fconfiguration fof fbacterial fcytoplasm.
3. It finterferes fwith fthe ffunction fof fbacterial fribosomes.
4. It finhibits fthe ffunctions fof fbacterial fmitochondria.
f 20. f f Where fdoes fthe fconversion fof fa fprohormone finto fa fhormone ftake fplace?
1. In fthe fribosomes
2. In fthe fGolgi fapparatus
3. In fthe fsecretory fgranules
4. In fthe fendoplasmic freticulum
f 21. Which fis fthe fcell’s f“master fmind”?
f
1. Nucleus
2. Ribosome
3. Golgi fapparatus
4. Endoplasmic freticulum
Multiple fResponse
Identify fone for fmore fchoices fthat fbest fcomplete fthe fstatement for fanswer fthe fquestion.
f 22. f f Which fstatements fregarding fthe fmicrotubules fare ftrue? fSelect fall fthat fapply.
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