BIO 182 EXAM 3 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
True or False
The greatest density of species occurs at the North Pole. - ANSWER False
What is the tragedy of the commons? - ANSWER the tendency for a common
resource to be overused
True or false: cheating ( free riding) confers the smallest benefit when most of the
group cooperate to invest? - ANSWER False. when more ppl invest, there is a
higher benefit for the freeloaders
true or false: punishment creates a cost that balances the benefit of selfishness -
ANSWER True
how can we promote a cooperation on a larger scale - ANSWER rebates(
benefits) for participants
punishment for non-participants
what are 3 strategies for when species numbers are getting low - ANSWER
Captive breeding
DNA banks
protection
,Extinction due to 3 human activities - ANSWER hunting, habitat destruction,
global warming
True or False: if productivity enhances diversity, one should see more species in
deep tropical waters than along shallow coastlines - ANSWER false we see
more productivity in deep tropical waters, BUT we predict that shallow coastlines
should rather have it
true or false: Primary productivity is likely necessary, but insufficient condition for
biodiversity - ANSWER true
true or false: greater productivity could support more individuals of a species
without supporting more species - ANSWER true. just b/c you have a huge
amount of primary productivity does not mean it would give more amount of
species. it could simply have more individuals from the same species
More productivity = more organisms, but it is not equal to________ - ANSWER
more species
why is the more speciation at the equator - ANSWER temperatures are stable=
more specialized organisms
no change in temperatures in high or low altitude
increased cost to dispersal over a climate gradient=> low gene flow=> high
alopatric speciation=> ___________ - ANSWER very sensitive to climate
changes
, you have to be a _______ to survive changes - ANSWER generalist ( BUT
species in tropics are specialists)
Low Latitiudes= _________thermal niches
High Latitudes= __________thermal niches - ANSWER narrow
broad
true or false: a more specialized species should occur over a narrow range of
altitude or latitude - ANSWER true for both altitude and latitude
primary consumers - ANSWER first organisms in the chain to eat the other
organisms
eat the photosynthetic organisms = herbivores
Tropical species have the _______ latitudional ranges
Species at high latitudes have the _______ latitudional ranges - ANSWER
lowest
highest
greenhouse effect - ANSWER warming/heat that results when solar radiation
is trapped by the atmosphere
what is anthropogenic - ANSWER caused by humans
WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
True or False
The greatest density of species occurs at the North Pole. - ANSWER False
What is the tragedy of the commons? - ANSWER the tendency for a common
resource to be overused
True or false: cheating ( free riding) confers the smallest benefit when most of the
group cooperate to invest? - ANSWER False. when more ppl invest, there is a
higher benefit for the freeloaders
true or false: punishment creates a cost that balances the benefit of selfishness -
ANSWER True
how can we promote a cooperation on a larger scale - ANSWER rebates(
benefits) for participants
punishment for non-participants
what are 3 strategies for when species numbers are getting low - ANSWER
Captive breeding
DNA banks
protection
,Extinction due to 3 human activities - ANSWER hunting, habitat destruction,
global warming
True or False: if productivity enhances diversity, one should see more species in
deep tropical waters than along shallow coastlines - ANSWER false we see
more productivity in deep tropical waters, BUT we predict that shallow coastlines
should rather have it
true or false: Primary productivity is likely necessary, but insufficient condition for
biodiversity - ANSWER true
true or false: greater productivity could support more individuals of a species
without supporting more species - ANSWER true. just b/c you have a huge
amount of primary productivity does not mean it would give more amount of
species. it could simply have more individuals from the same species
More productivity = more organisms, but it is not equal to________ - ANSWER
more species
why is the more speciation at the equator - ANSWER temperatures are stable=
more specialized organisms
no change in temperatures in high or low altitude
increased cost to dispersal over a climate gradient=> low gene flow=> high
alopatric speciation=> ___________ - ANSWER very sensitive to climate
changes
, you have to be a _______ to survive changes - ANSWER generalist ( BUT
species in tropics are specialists)
Low Latitiudes= _________thermal niches
High Latitudes= __________thermal niches - ANSWER narrow
broad
true or false: a more specialized species should occur over a narrow range of
altitude or latitude - ANSWER true for both altitude and latitude
primary consumers - ANSWER first organisms in the chain to eat the other
organisms
eat the photosynthetic organisms = herbivores
Tropical species have the _______ latitudional ranges
Species at high latitudes have the _______ latitudional ranges - ANSWER
lowest
highest
greenhouse effect - ANSWER warming/heat that results when solar radiation
is trapped by the atmosphere
what is anthropogenic - ANSWER caused by humans
