MGRADES
HCL 303 Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
prehistoric medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - before written records, based on
archaeological findings, difficult to interpret
prehistoric medicine culture - CORRECT ANSWER - nomadic and tribal, used available
resources (plants, stone, mud), spirits are responsible for "invisible" illnesses, evidence that
broken bones were healed
ancient medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - civilizations recorded history; agricultural
society, cities were formed and disease spread quickly due to population density
ancient medicine culture - CORRECT ANSWER - illness was a punishment from gods,
healing was a gift
- Hippocrates and Imhotep
Imhotep - CORRECT ANSWER - (Egypt) first physician
Hippocrates - CORRECT ANSWER - (Greece) first to consider medicine as separate from
religion, believed illness was caused by imbalanced humors, Hippocratic Oath - social contract
between healers and patients
medieval medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - after fall of Roman Empire
medieval medicine culture - CORRECT ANSWER - illness was heavily influenced by
religion and superstition; Black Death killed 1/3 of European population; first hospitals in
Baghdad, Cairo and Damascus, first school of medicine in Salerno, Italy; Avicenna
Avicenna - CORRECT ANSWER - produced the Canon of Medicine which summarized
medical knowledge
, MGRADES
renaissance medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - rebirth of medical knowledge - focus on
humors, eventually develop science of human body, invisible germs were proposed as a method
of disease transmission
modern medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - germ theory established, control of infectious
diseases through vaccines, antibiotics, handwashing and regulation of medicine ingredients and
doses; required training, licensure and regulation; specialized areas, heavily influenced by
scientific discovery and policy
Apollo - CORRECT ANSWER - god of healing, eternal youth and vitality require bright
sun, illness is the result of disharmony and healing is the result of restoring
Chiron - CORRECT ANSWER - centaur, taught medical arts/skills to Asclepius and men;
leg was wounded by poison arrow but could not die, offered to give his life for Prometheus. Two
impact:
(1) transformative power of healing (2) selflessness of healers
Asclepius - CORRECT ANSWER - demi-god (son of Apollo and Coronis), learned
medicine and surgery, saved many people from certain death which angered gods. Killed by
Zeus, no one able to escape death; elevated healing to a divine skill
Hygeia - CORRECT ANSWER - antithesis of Asclepius. don't treat illness, PREVENT it.
clean body, clean home, clean water; the body can prevent and treat diseases on its own
blue cross - CORRECT ANSWER - usually covers cost of hospital care
blue shield - CORRECT ANSWER - usually covers cost of physician services
medicaid - CORRECT ANSWER - title 19; health coverage for low income
HCL 303 Exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
prehistoric medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - before written records, based on
archaeological findings, difficult to interpret
prehistoric medicine culture - CORRECT ANSWER - nomadic and tribal, used available
resources (plants, stone, mud), spirits are responsible for "invisible" illnesses, evidence that
broken bones were healed
ancient medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - civilizations recorded history; agricultural
society, cities were formed and disease spread quickly due to population density
ancient medicine culture - CORRECT ANSWER - illness was a punishment from gods,
healing was a gift
- Hippocrates and Imhotep
Imhotep - CORRECT ANSWER - (Egypt) first physician
Hippocrates - CORRECT ANSWER - (Greece) first to consider medicine as separate from
religion, believed illness was caused by imbalanced humors, Hippocratic Oath - social contract
between healers and patients
medieval medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - after fall of Roman Empire
medieval medicine culture - CORRECT ANSWER - illness was heavily influenced by
religion and superstition; Black Death killed 1/3 of European population; first hospitals in
Baghdad, Cairo and Damascus, first school of medicine in Salerno, Italy; Avicenna
Avicenna - CORRECT ANSWER - produced the Canon of Medicine which summarized
medical knowledge
, MGRADES
renaissance medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - rebirth of medical knowledge - focus on
humors, eventually develop science of human body, invisible germs were proposed as a method
of disease transmission
modern medicine - CORRECT ANSWER - germ theory established, control of infectious
diseases through vaccines, antibiotics, handwashing and regulation of medicine ingredients and
doses; required training, licensure and regulation; specialized areas, heavily influenced by
scientific discovery and policy
Apollo - CORRECT ANSWER - god of healing, eternal youth and vitality require bright
sun, illness is the result of disharmony and healing is the result of restoring
Chiron - CORRECT ANSWER - centaur, taught medical arts/skills to Asclepius and men;
leg was wounded by poison arrow but could not die, offered to give his life for Prometheus. Two
impact:
(1) transformative power of healing (2) selflessness of healers
Asclepius - CORRECT ANSWER - demi-god (son of Apollo and Coronis), learned
medicine and surgery, saved many people from certain death which angered gods. Killed by
Zeus, no one able to escape death; elevated healing to a divine skill
Hygeia - CORRECT ANSWER - antithesis of Asclepius. don't treat illness, PREVENT it.
clean body, clean home, clean water; the body can prevent and treat diseases on its own
blue cross - CORRECT ANSWER - usually covers cost of hospital care
blue shield - CORRECT ANSWER - usually covers cost of physician services
medicaid - CORRECT ANSWER - title 19; health coverage for low income
